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Omija
''Schisandra chinensis'', whose fruit is called magnolia berry or five-flavor fruit (, in , ), is a vine plant native to forests of Northern China, the Russian Far East and Korea. Wild varieties are also found in Japan. It is hardy in USDA Zone 4. The fruits are red berries in dense clusters around long. Names Common names for ''S. chinensis'' are magnolia-vine, Chinese magnolia-vine, and just schisandra. The 'five flavour' name comes from the fact that its berries possess five basic flavors: salty, sweet, sour, pungent (spicy), and bitter.See: * * Sometimes, it is more specifically called ''běi wǔwèizi'' () to distinguish it from another schisandraceous plant, '' Kadsura japonica'', that grows only in subtropical areas. Another species of schisandra berry, ''Schisandra sphenanthera'', has a similar but different biochemical profile. The Chinese Pharmacopeia distinguishes between ''S. chinensis'' and ''S. sphenanthera'' (). Taxonomy The genus ''Schisandra'' was f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Turcz
Turcz is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Sępopol, within Bartoszyce County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, close to the border with the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia. References Villages in Bartoszyce County {{Bartoszyce-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Schisandra Sphenanthera
''Schisandra'', the magnolia vines, is a genus of twining shrubs that generally climb on other vegetation. Various authors have included the plants in the Illiciaceae ''Schisandra'' (also spelled ''Schizandra'') is native to Asia and North America, with a center of diversity in China. Some species are commonly grown in gardens as ornamentals. It is a hardy deciduous climber which thrives in almost any kind of soil; its preferred position is on a sheltered, shady wall. It may be propagated by cuttings of half-matured shoots in August. Despite its common name "magnolia vine", ''Schisandra'' is not closely related to the true magnolias. Uses Its dried fruit is sometimes used medicinally. In China, the berries of '' S. chinensis'' are given the name () because they possess all five basic flavors in Chinese herbal medicine: salty, sweet, sour, pungent (spicy), and bitter. In traditional Chinese medicine it is used as a remedy for many ailments: to resist infections, increase sk ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eupoecilia Ambiguella
''Eupoecilia ambiguella'', the vine moth or European grape berry moth, is a Palearctic moth species of the family Tortricidae. It was first described in 1796 (as ''Tinea ambiguella'') by Jacob Hübner. It is an economically significant grape pest species. Description Most sources state the wingspan as 12–15 mm, although Zhang and Houhun instead give it as 9–15 mm. Distribution The distribution range of ''Eupoecilia ambiguella'' stretches from the United Kingdom to Japan, occurring north up into Fennoscandia and south to the Mediterranean Basin. Its range overlaps in part with that of ''Lobesia botrana'', but ''E. ambiguella'' prefers colder, more humid environments than ''L. botrana'', and in shared areas may be found at a higher altitude or co-occurring in the same vineyard. Host plants The larvae are polyphagous, with more than thirty known host plants including dogwood, smooth bedstraw, blackthorn, Virginia creeper, grape and honeysuckle Honeysuckles ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alternaria Tenuissima
''Alternaria tenuissima'' is a saprophytic fungus and opportunistic plant pathogen. It is cosmopolitan in distribution, and can colonize a wide range of plant hosts. Colonies of ''A. tenuissima'' produce chains on agar growth media. The fungus often forms concentric ring patterns on infected plant leaves. This species produces the allergen Alt a 1, one of the most important outdoor seasonal fungal allergens associated with allergy and asthma provocation. In rare circumstances, this species is also known to infect immunosuppressed humans and animals. Growth and morphology Unlike many other species of ''Alternaria'', the conidiophores of ''A. tenuissima'' can develop in darkness after the colony has been exposed to light even very briefly; however its growth is more robust with longer periods of light exposure. After 5–7 days in culture, colonies of ''A. tenuissima'' reach a diameter of 5 cm on PCA or V-8 agar (vegetable juice agar). Colonies grown on PCA are brown in colour ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pseudaulacaspis Pentagona
''Pseudaulacaspis pentagona'', the white peach scale or mulberry scale, is a species of armoured scale insect in the family Diaspididae. This scale infests over 100 different genera of plants including many fruit trees and ornamentals. Description The adult female insect is up to in length. The soft yellow body is concealed under a roughly circular, whitish test with a yellowish-brown off-centre spot (this is the exuviae or shed skins of the last two nymphal moults). Males are concealed under whitish, felted, elongated oval tests with yellowish spots at one end; sometimes many males will accumulate in one area, covering the bark and looking like snow. Mature males have no mouthparts but have wings and seek out females, while mature females do not have wings and remain permanently in one place. Distribution ''Pseudaulacaspis pentagona'' is native to eastern Asia but has been accidentally introduced into many other warm and temperate parts of the world. In Europe, it was first de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phoma Glomerata
''Phoma glomerata'' is a species of fungus that belongs to the family Pleosporaceae. It is a common plant pathogen but it can be found in temperate environments worldwide. ''Phoma glomerata'' grows in soil, plants, marine environments, inorganic materials, several animals, and sometimes humans. It is known to spoil wool, parasitize downy mildews, and produce various chemicals that are useful for pharmaceutical purposes. Taxonomy ''Phoma glomerata'' is derived from the word PHOIS, meaning blister, and the word GLOMERO, which is to gather or heap. ''P. glomerata'' was first discovered and named in 1936 by Wollenw. & Hochapfel. ''P. glomerata'' belongs to the phylum Ascomycota, Class Dothideomycetes, Order Pleosporales, Family Didymellaceae, and Genus Phoma."WoRMS Phoma Glomerata." ''Worms - World Register of Marine Species - Phoma Glomerata (Corda) Wollenw. & Hochapfel, 1936''www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=437787#attributes.Accessed 24 Mar. 2025. It is synonymous ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Botrytis Cinerea
''Botrytis cinerea'' is a necrotrophic fungus that affects many plant species, although its most notable hosts may be wine grapes. In viticulture, it is commonly known as "botrytis bunch rot"; in horticulture, it is usually called "grey mould" or "gray mold". The fungus gives rise to two different kinds of infections on grapes. The first, grey rot, is the result of consistently wet or humid conditions, and typically results in the loss of the affected bunches. The second, noble rot, occurs when drier conditions follow wetter, and can result in distinctive sweet dessert wines, such as Sauternes, the Aszú of Tokaji, or Grasă de Cotnari. The species name ''Botrytis cinerea'' is derived from the Latin for "grapes like ashes"; although poetic, the "grapes" refers to the bunching of the fungal spores on their conidiophores, and "ashes" just refers to the greyish colour of the spores ''en masse''. The fungus is usually referred to by its anamorph (asexual form) name, because ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fusarium
''Fusarium'' (; ) is a large genus of filamentous fungi, part of a group often referred to as hyphomycetes, widely distributed in soil and associated with plants. Most species are harmless saprobes, and are relatively abundant members of the soil microbial community. Some species produce mycotoxins in cereal crops that can affect human and animal health if they enter the food chain. The main toxins produced by these ''Fusarium'' species are fumonisins and trichothecenes. Despite most species apparently being harmless (some existing on the skin as commensal members of the skin flora), some ''Fusarium'' species and subspecific groups are among the most important fungal pathogens of plants and animals. The name of ''Fusarium'' comes from Latin ''fusus'', meaning a spindle. Taxonomy The taxonomy of the genus is complex. A number of different schemes have been used, and up to 1,000 species have been identified at times, with approaches varying between wide and narrow concep ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sun Scald
Sun scald is the freezing of bark following high temperatures in the winter season, resulting in permanent visible damage to bark. Fruits may also be damaged. In the northern hemisphere, it is also called southwest injury. Causes The reason the sun can cause so much damage to trees is because of dormancy. When a tree is dormant in the winter it can be reactivated by warm weather. In the northern woods trees are exposed to the most sunlight and heat on the southwest facing side, so this side is heated during warm sunny winter days (in the afternoon, that's why westwards) to the point that it can be awoken from dormancy. The temperature required to wake up a tree depends on plant species and length of day, but it is typically just above freezing. Once active, the cells on the southwest side of the plant are unable to return to dormancy by nightfall, at which time the temperature returns to levels capable of killing active cells. Fluctuating winter temperatures can also cause frost ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plant Reproductive Morphology
Plant reproductive morphology is the study of the physical form and structure (the morphology) of those parts of plants directly or indirectly concerned with sexual reproduction. Among all living organisms, flowers, which are the reproductive structures of angiosperms, are the most varied physically and show a correspondingly great diversity in methods of reproduction. Plants that are not flowering plants ( green algae, mosses, liverworts, hornworts, ferns and gymnosperms such as conifers) also have complex interplays between morphological adaptation and environmental factors in their sexual reproduction. The breeding system, or how the sperm from one plant fertilizes the ovum of another, depends on the reproductive morphology, and is the single most important determinant of the genetic structure of nonclonal plant populations. Christian Konrad Sprengel (1793) studied the reproduction of flowering plants and for the first time it was understood that the pollination proce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dioecious
Dioecy ( ; ; adj. dioecious, ) is a characteristic of certain species that have distinct unisexual individuals, each producing either male or female gametes, either directly (in animals) or indirectly (in seed plants). Dioecious reproduction is biparental reproduction. Dioecy has costs, since only the female part of the population directly produces offspring. It is one method for excluding self-fertilization and promoting allogamy (outcrossing), and thus tends to reduce the expression of recessive deleterious mutations present in a population. Plants have several other methods of preventing self-fertilization including, for example, dichogamy, herkogamy, and self-incompatibility. In zoology In zoology, dioecy means that an animal is either male or female, in which case the synonym gonochory is more often used. Most animal species are gonochoric, almost all vertebrate species are gonochoric, and all bird and mammal species are gonochoric. Dioecy may also describe colonies ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
