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NForce 3
The nForce3 chipset was created by Nvidia as a Media and Communications Processor. Specifically, it was designed for use with the Athlon 64 processor. Features of the nForce3 When the Athlon 64 was launched, the Nvidia nForce3 Pro150 and VIA K8T800 were the only two chipsets available. The 150 chipset was widely criticized at launch for using a 600 MHz HyperTransport interface, when VIA had implemented the full AMD specification at 800 MHz, even though overall performance of the 150 was still good. Later revisions fixed this omission, and using a HyperTransport interface, the nForce3 chipset is able to communicate at up to 8 GB/s with the CPU. This reduces system bottlenecks when using high-bandwidth devices. For example, the Gigabit Ethernet transmits at 125 MB/s; if the Ethernet were not on the chipset, a saturated gigabit Ethernet link would use 93% of the bandwidth of the shared 133 MB/s PCI bus. The 150 also noticeably lacked features. Subsequent revisions o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nvidia
Nvidia Corporation ( ) is an American multinational corporation and technology company headquartered in Santa Clara, California, and incorporated in Delaware. Founded in 1993 by Jensen Huang (president and CEO), Chris Malachowsky, and Curtis Priem, it designs and supplies graphics processing units (GPUs), application programming interfaces (APIs) for data science and high-performance computing, and system on a chip units (SoCs) for mobile computing and the automotive market. Nvidia is also a leading supplier of artificial intelligence (AI) hardware and software. Nvidia outsources the manufacturing of the hardware it designs. Nvidia's professional line of GPUs are used for edge-to-cloud computing and in supercomputers and workstations for applications in fields such as architecture, engineering and construction, media and entertainment, automotive, scientific research, and manufacturing design. Its GeForce line of GPUs are aimed at the consumer market and are used in ap ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Socket 940
Socket 940 is a 940-pin socket for 64-bit AMD Opteron server processors and AMD Athlon 64 FX consumer processors. It was one of the first sockets designed for AMD's AMD64 range of processors. This socket is entirely square in shape and pins are arranged in a grid with the exception of four key pins used to align the processor and the corners. AMD's Opteron and the older AMD Athlon 64 FX ( FX-51) use Socket 940. Technical specifications Microprocessors designed for this socket were intended to be used in a server platform, and as such provide additional features to provide additional robustness. One such feature is the acceptance of only registered memory. While the more recent 940-pin socket AM2 is visually similar to this one, the two are electrically incompatible due to the integrated memory controller. Socket 940 CPUs integrate a DDR controller, whereas AM2 models use a DDR2 controller. See also *List of AMD microprocessors A list is a set of discrete items of informa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Accelerated Graphics Port
Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP) is a parallel expansion card standard, designed for attaching a video card to a computer system to assist in the acceleration of 3D computer graphics. It was originally designed as a successor to PCI-type connections for video cards. Since 2004, AGP was progressively phased out in favor of PCI Express (PCIe), which is serial, as opposed to parallel; by mid-2008, PCI Express cards dominated the market and only a few AGP models were available, with GPU manufacturers and add-in board partners eventually dropping support for the interface in favor of PCI Express. Advantages over PCI AGP is a superset of the PCI standard, designed to overcome PCI's limitations in serving the requirements of the era's high-performance graphics cards. The primary advantage of AGP is that it doesn't share the PCI bus, providing a dedicated, point-to-point pathway between the expansion slot(s) and the motherboard chipset. The direct connection also allows higher clock ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Windows Vista
Windows Vista is a major release of the Windows NT operating system developed by Microsoft. It was the direct successor to Windows XP, released five years earlier, which was then the longest time span between successive releases of Microsoft Windows. It was Software release life cycle#Release to manufacturing (RTM), released to manufacturing on November 8, 2006, and over the following two months, it was released in stages to business customers, original equipment manufacturers (OEMs), and retail channels. On January 30, 2007, it was released internationally and was made available for purchase and download from the Windows Marketplace; it is the first release of Windows to be made available through a digital distribution platform. Development of Windows Vista began in 2001 under the codename "Longhorn"; originally envisioned as a minor successor to Windows XP, it feature creep, gradually included numerous new features from the then-next major release of Windows codenamed "Blackc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Redundant Array Of Independent Disks
RAID (; redundant array of inexpensive disks or redundant array of independent disks) is a data storage virtualization technology that combines multiple physical data storage components into one or more logical units for the purposes of data redundancy, performance improvement, or both. This is in contrast to the previous concept of highly reliable mainframe disk drives known as ''single large expensive disk'' (''SLED''). Data is distributed across the drives in one of several ways, referred to as RAID levels, depending on the required level of redundancy and performance. The different schemes, or data distribution layouts, are named by the word "RAID" followed by a number, for example RAID 0 or RAID 1. Each scheme, or RAID level, provides a different balance among the key goals: reliability, availability, performance, and capacity. RAID levels greater than RAID 0 provide protection against unrecoverable sector read errors, as well as against failures of whole ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SATA
SATA (Serial AT Attachment) is a computer bus interface that connects host bus adapters to mass storage devices such as hard disk drives, optical drives, and solid-state drives. Serial ATA succeeded the earlier Parallel ATA (PATA) standard to become the predominant interface for storage devices. Serial ATA industry compatibility specifications originate from the Serial ATA International Organization (SATA-IO) which are then released by the INCITS Technical Committee T13, AT Attachment (INCITS T13). History SATA was announced in 2000 in order to provide several advantages over the earlier PATA interface such as reduced cable size and cost (seven conductors instead of 40 or 80), native hot swapping, faster data transfer through higher signaling rates, and more efficient transfer through an (optional) I/O queuing protocol. Revision 1.0 of the specification was released in January 2003. Serial ATA industry compatibility specifications originate from the Serial ATA Inte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xbox (console)
The Xbox is a home video game console manufactured by Microsoft that is the first installment in the Xbox series of video game consoles. It was released as Microsoft's first foray into the gaming console market on November 15, 2001, in North America, followed by Australia, Europe and Japan in 2002. It is classified as a sixth-generation console, competing with Sony's PlayStation 2, Sega's Dreamcast and Nintendo's GameCube. It was also the first major console produced by an American company since the release of the Atari Jaguar in 1993. The console was announced in March 2000. With the release of the PlayStation 2, which featured the ability to playback CD-ROMs and DVDs in addition to playing games, Microsoft became concerned that game consoles would threaten the personal computer as an entertainment device for living rooms. Whereas most games consoles to that point were built from custom hardware components, the Xbox was built around standard personal computer components, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Southbridge (computing)
In computing, a southbridge is a component of a traditional two-part chipset architecture on motherboards, historically used in personal computers. It works alongside the northbridge to manage communications between the central processing unit (CPU) and lower-speed peripheral interfaces. The northbridge typically handled high-speed connections such as RAM and GPU interfaces, while the southbridge managed lower-speed functions. The southbridge controls a range of input/output (I/O) functions, including USB, audio, firmware (e.g., BIOS or UEFI), storage interfaces such as SATA, NVMe, and legacy PATA, as well as buses like PCI, LPC, and SPI. Southbridge and northbridge components were often designed to work in pairs, though there was no universal standard for interoperability. In the 1990s and early 2000s, they commonly communicated via the PCI bus; more recent chipsets use Direct Media Interface (Intel) or PCI Express (AMD). Intel referred to its southbridge as the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Northbridge (computing)
In computing, a northbridge (also host bridge, or memory controller hub) is a microchip that comprises the core logic chipset architecture on motherboards to handle high-performance tasks, especially for older personal computers. It is connected directly to a CPU via the front-side bus (FSB), and is usually used in conjunction with a slower southbridge to manage communication between the CPU and other parts of the motherboard. Historically, separation of functions between CPU, northbridge, and southbridge chips was necessary due to the difficulty of integrating all components onto a single chip die. However, as CPU speeds increased over time, a bottleneck emerged due to limitations caused by data transmission between the CPU and its support chipset. The trend for integrated northbridges began near the end of the 2000s for example, the Nvidia GeForce 320M GPU in the 2010 MacBook Air was a northbridge/southbridge/GPU combo chip. On older Intel based PCs, the northbridge was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SoundStorm
SoundStorm is a brand by Nvidia referring to a SIP block integrating 5.1 surround sound technology found on the die of their nForce and nForce2 chipsets for x86 CPUs. It is also the name of a certification to be obtained from Nvidia when complying with their specifications. Certification The SoundStorm certification ensured that many manufacturers produced solutions with high quality sound output. To achieve SoundStorm certification, a motherboard had to use the nForce or nForce2 chipsets and also include the specified discrete outputs. It was also necessary to meet certain sound quality levels as tested by Dolby Digital sound labs. At the time SoundStorm was the only available solution capable of outputting Dolby Digital Live, coveted in home theater PCs. Hardware The SoundStorm SIP block is said to consist of a series of fixed-function and general-purpose processing units. A fully programmable, Motorola 56300-based digital signal processor (DSP) is provided for effects ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ActiveArmor
The nForce4 is a motherboard chipset released by Nvidia in October 2004. The chipset supports AMD64, AMD 64-bit processors (Socket 939, Socket AM2 and Socket 754) and Intel Corporation, Intel Pentium 4 LGA 775 processors. Models nForce4/nForce4-4x nForce4 is the second evolution of the Media Communications Processor (MCP) and incorporates both Northbridge (computing), Northbridge and Southbridge (computing), Southbridge on a single Die (integrated circuit), die (the first was nForce3). The Socket 754 version of the board has the HyperTransport link clocked to 800 Hertz, MHz (6.4 GB/s transfer rate). Motherboards based on early revisions are mostly referred to as "nForce4-4x" (relating with their ability to handle HT speeds of 4x). *Support for up to 20 PCI Express (PCIe) lanes (up to 38-40 lanes for the nForce4 SLI x16). Reference boards are set up with one x16 slot and three x1 slots, leaving 1 lane unused. *Support for up to 10 Universal Serial Bus, USB 2.0 ports. *Sup ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gigabit Ethernet
In computer networking, Gigabit Ethernet (GbE or 1 GigE) is the term applied to transmitting Ethernet frames at a rate of a gigabit per second. The most popular variant, 1000BASE-T, is defined by the IEEE 802.3ab standard. It came into use in 1999, and has replaced Fast Ethernet in wired local networks due to its considerable speed improvement over Fast Ethernet, as well as its use of cables and equipment that are widely available, economical, and similar to previous standards. The first standard for faster 10 Gigabit Ethernet was approved in 2002. History Ethernet was the result of research conducted at Xerox PARC in the early 1970s, and later evolved into a widely implemented Physical layer, physical and Data link layer, link layer protocol. Fast Ethernet increased the speed from 10 to 100 megabits per second (). Gigabit Ethernet was the next iteration, increasing the speed to . The initial standard for Gigabit Ethernet was produced by the IEEE in June 1998 as IEEE 802.3z ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
