|
Kobzars
A ''kobzar'' ( ua, кобзар, pl. kobzari ua, кобзарі) was an itinerant Ukrainian bard who sang to his own accompaniment, played on a multistringed bandura or kobza. Tradition Kobzars were often blind and became predominantly so by the 1800s. ''Kobzar'' literally means 'kobza player', a Ukrainian stringed instrument of the lute family, and more broadly — a performer of the musical material associated with the kobzar tradition. The professional kobzar tradition was established during the Hetmanate Era around the sixteenth century in Ukraine. Kobzars accompanied their singing with a musical instrument known as the kobza, bandura, or lira. Their repertoire primarily consisted of para-liturgical psalms and "kanty", and also included a unique epic form known as dumas. At the turn of the nineteenth century there were three regional kobzar schools: Chernihiv, Poltava, and Slobozhan, which were differentiated by repertoire and playing style. Guilds In Ukraine, k ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kobzars Kravchenko Dremchenko
A ''kobzar'' ( ua, кобзар, pl. kobzari ua, кобзарі) was an itinerant Ukrainian bard who sang to his own accompaniment, played on a multistringed bandura or kobza. Tradition Kobzars were often blind and became predominantly so by the 1800s. ''Kobzar'' literally means 'kobza player', a Ukrainian stringed instrument of the lute family, and more broadly — a performer of the musical material associated with the kobzar tradition. The professional kobzar tradition was established during the Hetmanate Era around the sixteenth century in Ukraine. Kobzars accompanied their singing with a musical instrument known as the kobza, bandura, or lira. Their repertoire primarily consisted of para-liturgical psalms and "kanty", and also included a unique epic form known as dumas. At the turn of the nineteenth century there were three regional kobzar schools: Chernihiv, Poltava, and Slobozhan, which were differentiated by repertoire and playing style. Guilds In Ukraine, k ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kobzars'kyj Tsekh
Kobzarskyi Tsekh (, ''Kobzars'kyi Tsekh''), literally "Kobzar guild", is an organization of kobzars, which have existed since the 17th century in Ukraine. In Ukraine, blind travelling musicians, known as kobzars or lirnyks, organized themselves into guilds similarly to professional craftsmen. These musicians would gather at regular meeting spots on particular dates to celebrate religious feasts, administer examinations for the induction of novices and masters, and collect money for placement of votive candles under icons of patron saints and to also discuss the business of the guild. From 1932 until the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, kobzars were effectively outlawed, and many were put to death. After Ukraine regained independence from Russia, the idea for the creation of a Kobzar guild in Kyiv was initiated by followers and students of traditional bandurist Heorhy Tkachenko - Mykola Budnyk and Mykhailo Khai. The reason for the formation of the Kobzar guild was to have ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kobzarskyi Tsekh
Kobzarskyi Tsekh (, ''Kobzars'kyi Tsekh''), literally "Kobzar guild", is an organization of kobzars, which have existed since the 17th century in Ukraine. In Ukraine, blind travelling musicians, known as kobzars or lirnyks, organized themselves into guilds similarly to professional craftsmen. These musicians would gather at regular meeting spots on particular dates to celebrate religious feasts, administer examinations for the induction of novices and masters, and collect money for placement of votive candles under icons of patron saints and to also discuss the business of the guild. From 1932 until the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, kobzars were effectively outlawed, and many were put to death. After Ukraine regained independence from Russia, the idea for the creation of a Kobzar guild in Kyiv was initiated by followers and students of traditional bandurist Heorhy Tkachenko - Mykola Budnyk and Mykhailo Khai. The reason for the formation of the Kobzar guild was to have ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Persecuted Bandurists
Kobzars and bandurists were a unique class of musicians in Ukraine, who travelled between towns and sang dumas, a meditative poem-song. Kobzars were usually blind, and required the completion of a three-year apprenticeship in specialized Kobzar guilds, in order to be officially recognized as such. In 1932, on the order of Stalin, the Soviet authorities called on all Ukrainian Kobzars to attend a congress in Kharkiv. Those that arrived were taken outside the city and were all put to death. Persecution of bandurists and kobzari by the Soviet authorities can be divided up into various periods. These periods differed in the type and length of persecution and punishments were dealt out and also the reason for the punishment. Following is a list of persecuted Bandurists sourced from ''Music from the shadows'' Roman Malko and ''The Voices of the Dead'' by Kuromiya Hiroaki. A * Andriychyk, Hryhoriy – member of Kiev Bandurist Capella arrested in 1937, shot in 1938. * Andrusenko, Mykhai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bandura
A bandura ( uk, банду́ра) is a Ukrainian plucked string folk instrument. It combines elements of the zither and lute and, up until the 1940s, was also often referred to by the term kobza. Early instruments (c. 1700) had 5 to 12 strings and similar to the lute. In the 20th century, the number of strings increased initially to 31 strings (1926), then to 56 strings – 68 strings on modern 'concert' instruments (1954).Mizynec, V. Folk Instruments of Ukraine. Bayda Books, Melbourne, Australia, 1987, 48с. Musicians who play the bandura are referred to as bandurists. In the 19th – early 20th century traditional bandura players, often blind, were referred to as kobzars. It is suggested that the instrument developed as a hybrid of gusli (Eastern-European psaltery) and kobza (Eastern-European lute). Some also consider the ''kobza'' as a type or an instrument resembling the ''bandura''. The term ''bandura'' can date itself to Polish chronicles from 1441. The hybridization, h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kobza
The kobza ( uk , кобза), also called bandurka ( uk , бандурка) is a Ukrainian folk music instrument of the lute family ( Hornbostel-Sachs classification number 321.321-5+6), a relative of the Central European mandora. The term ''kobza'' however, has also been applied to a number of other Eastern European instruments distinct from the Ukrainian kobza. Construction The Ukrainian kobza was a traditionally gut-strung, lute-like stringed musical instrument with a body hewn from a single block of wood. Instruments with a staved assembly also exist. The kobza has a medium-length neck which may or may not have tied-on frets, which were usually made of gut. It was single-strung (sometimes also double-strung) and the strings were played with fingertips or occasionally with a plectrum threaded through a ring placed on the middle finger. History The term kobza is of Turkic origin and is related to the terms kobyz and komuz, thought to have been introduced into the Ukrainian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chernihiv Kobzars
The Chernihiv kobzari were grouped around the city of Mena, in the Chernihiv Oblast of northeastern Ukraine. Outstanding members of this group were Pavlo Bratytsia, Andriy Beshko, Prokop Dub, Luka Dumenko, A. Haydenko, Petro Heras'ko, Pavlo Kulyk, Tereshko Parkhomenko, Ivan Romanenko, Andriy Shut, Petro Siroshtan, Demian Symonenko, Petro Tkachenko, Semen Vlasko and Semen Zezulia. The style of playing the bandura used by Chernihiv kobzari became the foundation of the Kyiv Kyiv, also spelled Kiev, is the capital and most populous city of Ukraine. It is in north-central Ukraine along the Dnieper River. As of 1 January 2021, its population was 2,962,180, making Kyiv the seventh-most populous city in Europe. Kyi ... academic bandura tradition ( Kyiv academic style). References Kobzarstvo Ukrainian musical groups {{Ukraine-hist-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Blind Musicians
Blind musicians are singers or instrumentalists, or in some cases singer-accompanists, who are legally blind. Resources Historically, many blind musicians, including some of the most famous, have performed without the benefit of formal instruction, since such instruction relies extensively on written musical notation. However, today there are many resources available for blind musicians who wish to learn Western music theory and classical notation. Louis Braille, the man who created the braille alphabet for the blind, also created a system of classical notation for the blind called Braille music. This system allows the blind to read and write music much as the sighted do. The largest collection of Braille musical scores is located at the Library of Congress in Washington, D.C. Outside the U.S., the largest collection of braille music scores is stored at the National Library for the Blind in England. Computer technology and the Internet make it possible in theory for blind ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Slobozhan Kobzars
The kobzari of the Slobozhan bandura tradition were kobzari who lived in the ''Slobozhan region'' around the city of Kharkiv, Ukraine. They include Petro Drevchenko, Pavlo Hashchenko, Hnat Honcharenko, Horobetz, F. Hrytsenko-Kholodny, Hryhory Kozhushko, Ivan Kuchuhura Kucherenko, Ivan Netesa, Odnorih, Stepan Pasiuha, Mykola Ryhorenko and P. Trotchenko. The traditions and playing technique used by the Slobozhan bandurists became the basis for the academic Kharkiv school of bandura playing developed by Hnat Khotkevych Hnat Martynovych Khotkevych ( uk, Гнат Мартинович Хоткевич, also ''Gnat Khotkevich'' or ''Hnat Khotkevych'', born December 31, 1877 – died October 8, 1938) was a Ukrainian writer, ethnographer, playwright, composer, musico .... Ukrainian music people Kobzarstvo {{Ukraine-culture-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Preservation Of Kobzar Music
The idea of the preservation of kobzar music by means of sound recording originated in 1901–02. Kobzars were itinerant Ukrainian folk musicians who sung ''dumas'' and folk songs to their own accompaniment of kobza, bandura or lira. The 12th Archeological Congress was held in Kharkiv, now in Ukraine, then part of the Russian Empire. It was dedicated to Ukrainian folk music. During its preparation, the committee discussed a letter from Russian ethnographer Vsevolod Miller with the suggestion to using recently invented graphophone ( Alexander Bell's version of phonograph, which used wax-coated cylinders). However the suggestion was not accepted due to lack of money. Other people came with the same suggestion, both during the preparation and the sessions of the congress. A team of Hnat Khotkevych (musicologist, bandurist, engineer, and ethnographer), Oleksandr Borodai (engineer and bandurist), and Opanas Slastion (artist and ethnographer), have eventually taken the job. Bor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kozak Mamay (Unknown Folk Artist, 19th Century)
Cossack Mamay (in less significant variants also named as Cossack banduryst, ua, Козак Мамай) is a Ukrainian folkloric hero, one of the standard characters in traditional Ukrainian itinerant puppet theater, the Vertep. Overview Cossack Mamay is encountered in legends, folk stories and proverbs. These became widely popular after the dissolution of the Zaporizhian Sich in 1775. Cossack Mamay is one of the most common characters in Ukrainian folk painting, from the late 17th century to the present time. In the hundreds of surviving paintings, Cossack Mamay is usually shown with a kobza – a lute-like musical instrument that is the symbol of Ukrainian soul; a horse, which represented both freedom and fidelity; and an oak with his weapons hanging on it symbolizing the people's strength. The paintings from the time of Koliyivschyna sometimes portray Mamay on the background of violent incidents involving Poles or Jews. "Cossack-Bandurist", "Cossack-Zaporozhets", "Cossac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soviet Kobzars
Soviet kobzars were stylised performers on the bandura created to replace the traditional authentic kobzari who had been wiped out in the 1930s. These performers were often blind and although some actually had contact with the authentic kobzari of the previous generation, many received formal training in the Folk conservatories by trained musicians and played on contemporary chromatic concert factory made instruments. Their repertoire was primarily made up of censored versions of traditional kobzar repertoire and focused on stylized works that praised the Soviet system and Soviet heroes. Most of this music lost its traditional folk characteristics such as modal tunings, traditional folk melodic embellishments, playing style etc. The group includes performers such as Yevhen Adamtsevych, Petro Huz', and Yehor Movchan. See also * Persecuted bandurists Kobzars and bandurists were a unique class of musicians in Ukraine, who travelled between towns and sang dumas, a meditative ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
.jpg "Click for more on -> Bandura")
