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Judge Of Gallura
The kings or ''judges'' (''iudices'' or ''judikes'') of Gallura were the local rulers of the northeast of Sardinia during the Middle Ages. Theirs was the closest kingdom to Corsica. * Manfred (c. 1020 – c. 1040) * Baldo (c. 1040 – c. 1065) *Constantine I (c. 1065 – c. 1080) * Saltaro (c. 1080) * Torchitorio (c. 1080 – c. 1100) * Ittocorre (1100 – 1116) * Constantine II (1116 – c. 1133) * Comita (c. 1133 – 1146) * Constantine III (1146 – c. 1170) *Barisone II (c. 1170 – 1203) *Elena (1203 – 1218) * Lambert (1207 – 1225) * Ubaldo (1225 – 1238) *John (1238 – 1275) * Nino (1275 – 1298) *Joanna (1298 – 1308) :''Directly to Republic of Pisa The Republic of Pisa ( it, Repubblica di Pisa) was an independent state centered on the Tuscan city of Pisa, which existed from the 11th to the 15th century. It rose to become an economic powerhouse, a commercial center whose merchants dominated ....'' { ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Giudicati Of Sardinia 1
The Judicates (, or in Sardinian, in Latin, or in Italian), in English also referred to as Sardinian Kingdoms, Sardinian Judgedoms or Judicatures, were independent states that took power in Sardinia in the Middle Ages, between the ninth and fifteenth centuries. They were sovereign states with '' summa potestas'', each with a ruler called judge ( in Sardinian), with the powers of a king. Historical causes of the advent of the kingdoms After a relatively brief Vandal occupation (456–534), Sardinia was a province of the Byzantine Empire from 535 until the eighth century. After 705, with the rapid Arab expansion, Saracen pirates from North Africa began to raid the island and encountered no effective opposition by the Byzantine army. In 815, Sardinian ambassadors requested military assistance from the Carolingian Emperor Louis the Pious. In 807, 810–812, and 821–822 the Arabs of Spain and North Africa tried to invade the island but the Sardinians resisted several a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Comita Of Gallura
Comita Spanu was the '' giudice'' of Gallura, in Sardinia, from 1133 to 1146. He was the son and successor of Constantine II. Around 1130, Comita, like Gonario II of Torres and Constantine I of Arborea, did homage to the archdiocese of Pisa. On 26 June 1132, Comita was at the judicial palace of Logudoro at Ardara to do homage to Roger, Archbishop of Pisa. This last act helped establish the supremacy of Logudoro by its strong relationship to the Pisan see. Comita had five children: *Constantine, acting judge of Arborea (1199), married Anna, daughter of Barisone II of Arborea *Maria (died c. 1173) *Comita (died after 1185) *Elena (died c. 1159) *Furat Sources *Caravale, Mario (ed). ''Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani: XXVII Collenuccio – Confortini''. Rome , established_title = Founded , established_date = 753 BC , founder = King Romulus (legendary) , image_map = Map of comune of Rome (metropolitan city of Capital Rome, region Lazio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joanna Of Gallura
Joanna of Gallura (..., c. 1291 – Florence, 1339), also known as Giovanna Visconti, was the last titular Judge (''giudicessa'') of Gallura. Joanna claimed her rights in Sardinia to no avail and eventually sold them to her relatives, the Visconti of Milan, who later sold them to the Crown of Aragon. She is mentioned passingly by Dante Alighieri in the ''Divine Comedy''. Her father, a friend of Dante's, but consigned to Purgatory with the other negligent rulers, asks her to be reminded of him. Biography Early life The Visconti of Pisa were present in Pisa since at least since the tenth century and since then had produced a lineage of influential Pisan politicians. In 1205, Lamberto Visconti married Elena of Gallura and became the first Visconti to be the Judge of Gallura. He was succeeded, in order, by Ubaldo, Ubaldo II, John, and Ugolino Visconti. Joanna was the daughter of Ugolino (also known as Nino) and Beatrice, daughter of Obizzo II d'Este. Upon Nino's deat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nino Visconti
Ugolino Visconti (died 1296), better known as Nino, was the Giudice of Gallura from 1275 or 1276 to his death. He was a son of Giovanni Visconti and grandson of Ugolino della Gherardesca. He was the first husband of Beatrice d'Este, daughter of Obizzo II d'Este. His symbol was a cock (canting arms on Gallura from la, gallus="a cock, rooster"). Nino succeeded his father in Gallura in 1275 or 1276 and spent most of his life alternating time in Pisa and Gallura. His chaplain, a friar named Gomita, was caught taking bribes to release prisoners and so Nino had him hanged. Gomita was placed in the eighth circle of Hell in the '' Inferno.'' Nino was commended for his act of justice and piety. In 1288, he began to share power with his grandfather in Pisa, but the two quarreled. The elder Ugolino tried to enlist the archbishop Ruggieri degli Ubaldini to expel Nino from the city, but the archbishop instead exiled them both and appointed his own podestà and capitano del popolo. Then a Pi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Of Gallura
John (or ''Giovanni'') Visconti (died 1275) was the Judge of Gallura from 1238 to his death. He was a member of the Visconti dynasty of Pisa. John was the son of Ubaldo I Visconti and cousin of Ubaldo of Gallura. When the latter Ubaldo drew up a will in January 1237 at Silki, John was nominated to succeed him. However, Enzo, the husband of his Ubaldo's widow Adelasia of Torres, seems to have taken control of both Gallura and Logudoro and was granted the title King of Sardinia by his father, the Emperor Frederick II. Nevertheless, John was soon in power in Gallura. In 1254, he joined the Republic of Pisa in her attack on John of Cagliari. In 1258, the Republic partitioned the Giudicato of Cagliari amongst her supporters. John annexed a third of it — Ogliastra, Quirra, Sarrabus, and Colostrai — to Gallura. John subsequently remained mostly on the Italian peninsula, participating in the wars between the Guelphs and the Ghibellines on the side of Pisa. He ret ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ubaldo II Visconti
Ubaldo II Visconti, son of Lamberto di Eldizio and Elena de Lacon, was the Judge of Gallura from 1225 to his death in 1238. He ruled every '' giudicato'' on the island of Sardinia at one point or another save Arborea. By a pact signed November 1218 with Marianus II of Torres, his father secured his marriage to Adelasia, Marianus' eldest child. The marriage was celebrated in 1219. Pope Honorius III, enemy of the Pisans, immediately sent his chaplain Bartolomeo to annul the marriage, but he failed and the pact between Pisa and Logudoro stood. Ubaldo inherited the Giudicato of Gallura in 1225. In 1230, when his uncle, Ubaldo I Visconti, died, he invaded the ''giudicato'' of Cagliari to assure the continued influence of his Pisan family there. He subsequently exercised the regency for Benedetta until 1232. Marianus died in 1232 and, by his will, was succeeded by his son Barisone III. Upon Barisone's death (1236) without heirs, also as stipulated by Marianus' will, the Logudore ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lamberto Visconti
Lamberto Visconti di Eldizio (died 1225) was the Judge of Gallura from 1206, when he married the heiress Elena, to his own death. He was a member of the Visconti family of Pisa and the first of that dynasty to rule in Sardinia, where they lasted in Gallura for almost another century. His grandfather, Alberto, was a patrician of Pisa, while his father, Eldizio, was patrician and consul (1184–1185). He and his brother Ubaldo in turn served as patrician and ''podestà''. Lambert's grandmother was Aligarda and his mother was a daughter of Torchitorio III of Cagliari. In 1207, Elena chose of her own will to marry Lambert, despite the fact that Pope Innocent III, to whom she and her state were pledged, had arranged a marriage with one of his own relatives. In 1209, Comita III of Logudoro invaded Gallura and took Civita and briefly held sway over the hold kingdom, but Lambert and his Pisan allies soon retook it. Between 1210 and 1215, with more Pisan support, Lambert attacked L ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elena Of Gallura
Elena (c. 1190–1218) was the daughter and successor of Barisone II of Gallura and was named after her mother Odolina of the Lacon family. First queen regnant in Sardinia, she ruled Gallura from the death of her father until her own death, though she was eclipsed by her husband after 1207.Murineddu, p. 200 When Barisone died in 1202 or 1203, he left Elena and the ''giudicato'' under the protection of Pope Innocent III,Moore, 91. According to Innocent, Barisone left his ''giudicato'' to papal protection, probably because of Innocent's success in protecting Constance and Frederick I of Sicily. who wrote a letter to Biagio, Archbishop of Torres, charging him with assuring a smooth succession in Gallura, which meant arranging a marriage for the young Elena. The prospect of interference from William I of Cagliari, Comita III of Logudoro, and Hugh I and Peter I of Arborea was great enough to incite a second letter to those judges, in which the pope told them to respect Biagio's ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Barisone II Of Gallura
Barisone II (died 1203) was the Judge of Gallura from about 1170 to his death. He was the son of Constantine III. His name appears in acts of 1182 and 1184. He was married to Elena de Lacon and had a daughter named Elena who inherited Gallura. Barisone commended his judgeship to Pope Innocent III before he died, so as to protect his daughter's inheritance. He was probably looking at Innocent's succession protecting the rights of Constance and Frederick I of Sicily.John C. Moore (1987),Pope Innocent III, Sardinia, and the Papal State, ''Speculum'', 62(1), 91. There was a conflict in Sardinia Sardinia ( ; it, Sardegna, label=Italian, Corsican and Tabarchino ; sc, Sardigna , sdc, Sardhigna; french: Sardaigne; sdn, Saldigna; ca, Sardenya, label=Algherese and Catalan) is the second-largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, after ... following his death in 1203 as various powers sought the marriage of Elena to establish control over Gallura. Notes {{DEFAULTSORT:Ba ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constantine III Of Gallura
Constantine III (died between 1171 and 1173), possibly a son of Ittocorre, succeeded Comita Spanu as '' giudice'' of Gallura (northern Sardinia) in 1146 and reigned until 1161, when he retired from the world as a monk. He was the first Gallurese ruler of the Lacon dynasty and was characterised by "nobility of mind."Manno, 308 n776. During a time of siege he was forced to take refuge with his relatives in Arborea. He married Elena de Lacon, daughter of Comita III of Arborea, granting her San Felice di Vada in Iurifai as a bridal gift. His second wife was Sardinia. He was succeeded by his son Barisone II. Notes Sources *Caravale, Mario (ed). ''Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani: XXVII Collenuccio – Confortini''. Rome , established_title = Founded , established_date = 753 BC , founder = King Romulus (legendary) , image_map = Map of comune of Rome (metropolitan city of Capital Rome, region Lazio, Italy).svg , map_caption ..., 1982 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constantine II Of Gallura
Constantine most often refers to: * Constantine the Great, Roman emperor from 306 to 337, also known as Constantine I * Constantine, Algeria, a city in Algeria Constantine may also refer to: People * Constantine (name), a masculine given name and surname Roman/Byzantine emperors * Constantine II (emperor) * Constantine III (Western Roman emperor) * Constantine III (Byzantine emperor) * Constantine IV * Constantine V * Constantine VI * Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus * Constantine VIII * Constantine IX Monomachos * Constantine X Doukas * Constantine XI Palaiologos Emperors not enumerated *Tiberius II, reigned officially as "Constantine" * Constans II, reigned officially as "Constantine" * Constantine (son of Leo V) *Constantine (son of Theophilos) *Constantine (son of Basil I) *Constantine Doukas (co-emperor) *Constantine Lekapenos *Constantine Laskaris (?) Other rulers * Constantine I, Prince of Armenia * Constantine II, Prince of Armenia * Constantine I, King o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kingdom Of Gallura
The Judicate of Gallura ( lat, Iudicatus Gallurae, sc, Judicadu de Gallura, it, Giudicato di Gallura) was one of four Sardinian judicates in the Middle Ages. These were independent states whose rulers bore the title ''iudex'', judge. Gallura, a name which comes from ''gallus'', meaning rooster (cock), was subdivided into ten governed by ''curatores'' under the judge. In the 13th century, the arms of Gallura contained a rooster. Gallura is the northeast region of the island, with its main city at Olbia. The first ''iudices'' of Gallura only appear in the historical record late in the eleventh century, though certain rulers of earlier periods are known. Gallura, like all the other Sardinian kingdoms, initially owed allegiance to the Archdiocese of Pisa, but Gallura, unlike most of the others, remained relatively steadfast in its support of Pisa, probably due its proximity to the city of Pisa itself. For this reason, it was often in alliance with the Kingdom of Cagliari in th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
