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Iridescent Glass
Carnival glass is moulded or pressed glass to which an iridescent surface shimmer has been applied. It has previously been referred to as aurora glass, dope glass, rainbow glass, taffeta glass, and disparagingly as 'poor man's Tiffany'. The name Carnival glass was adopted by collectors in the 1950s as items of it were sometimes given as prizes at carnivals, fetes, and fairgrounds. However, evidence suggests that the vast majority of it was purchased by households to brighten homes at a time when only the well-off could afford bright electric lighting, as its finish catches the light even in dark corners. From the beginning of the 20th century, carnival glass was mass-produced around the world, but largely and initially in the U.S. It reached the height of its popularity in the 1920s, though it is still produced in small quantities today. Carnival glass gets its iridescent sheen from the application of metallic salts while the glass is still hot from the pressing. It was designed t ...
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Carnival Glass Vase
Carnival (known as Shrovetide in certain localities) is a festive season that occurs at the close of the Christian pre-Lenten period, consisting of Quinquagesima or Shrove Sunday, Shrove Monday, and Shrove Tuesday or Mardi Gras. Carnival typically involves public party, celebrations, including events such as parades, public street party, street parties and other entertainments, combining some elements of a circus. Elaborate costumes and masks allow people to set aside their everyday individuality and experience a heightened sense of social unity.Bakhtin, Mikhail. 1984. ''Rabelais and his world''. Translated by H. Iswolsky. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. Original edition, ''Tvorchestvo Fransua Rable i narodnaia kul'tura srednevekov'ia i Renessansa'', 1965. Participants often indulge in excessive consumption of alcohol, meat, and other foods that will be forgone during upcoming Lent. Traditionally, butter, milk, and other animal products were not consumed "excessively", r ...
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Imperial Glass Company
The Imperial Glass Company is located in Bellaire, Ohio Ohio ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. It borders Lake Erie to the north, Pennsylvania to the east, West Virginia to the southeast, Kentucky to the southwest, Indiana to the ... with a factory located on 29th Street and the offices located on Belmont Street. The factory was razed in 1995 to make room for commercial development and the Belmont Street location was transformed into a museum known as the National Imperial Glass Museum. The building was placed on the National Register on 1983-09-08. History The Imperial Glass Company was founded in 1901 by Edward Muhleman, with production beginning in 1904. The handmade glasswares were sold worldwide and were usually made of pressed glass patterns. The factory located at 29th Street was labeled as one of the largest glass factories under one roof. The company's most famous product is their "Candlewick" s ...
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Goofus Glass
Goofus glass is an American term for pressed glass that was decorated with unfired enamel paint in the early 20th century by several prominent glass factories. It contrasts with enamelled glass Enamelled glass or painted glass is glass which has been decorated with vitreous enamel (powdered glass, usually mixed with a binder) and then fired to glass fusing, fuse the glasses. It can produce brilliant and long-lasting colours, and be tr ..., where the enamel is fired, making the paint far more durable. Because it was mass produced and relatively cheap, it was given as premiums with purchases and awarded as prizes at fairs. It was the first carnival glass, preceding the iridized product known today as carnival glass. Articles produced included plates, bowls, vases, oil lamps, dresser sets, salt and pepper shakers and candle holders. Common colors were red, green and gold, the latter the most common. Major producers included Indiana Glass Company, Dugan Diamond Company and H. ...
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Uranium Glass
Uranium glass is glass which has had uranium, usually in oxide diuranate form, added to a glass mix before melting for colouration. The proportion usually varies from trace levels to about 2% uranium by weight, although some 20th-century pieces were made with up to 25% uranium. First identified in 1789 by German chemist Martin Heinrich Klaproth, uranium was soon being added to decorative glass for its fluorescent effect. James Powell's Whitefriars Glass company in London, England, was one of the first to market the glowing glass, but other manufacturers soon realised its sales potential and uranium glass was produced across Europe and later in Ohio. Uranium glass was made into tableware and household items, but fell out of widespread use when the availability of uranium to most industries was sharply curtailed during the Cold War in the 1940s to 1990s, with the vast majority of the world's uranium supply being utilised as a strategic material for use in nuclear weapons or nuc ...
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Pressed Glass
Pressed glass (or pattern glass)
is a form of glass made by pressing molten glass into a Molding (process), mold using a plunger. Although hand pressed glass has existed for over 1,000 years, the use of a machine for pressing was first patented by Pittsburgh glass man Bakewell Glass, John P. Bakewell in 1825 to make knobs for furniture. The technique was developed in the United States from the 1820s and in Europe, particularly France, Bohemia, and Sweden from the 1830s. By the mid-19th century, most inexpensive mass-produced glassware was pressed (1850–1910). One type of pressed glass is carnival glass. Painted pressed glass produced in the early 20th century is often called goofus glass. The method is also used to make beads.


See also

* Millefiori


References
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Trademark
A trademark (also written trade mark or trade-mark) is a form of intellectual property that consists of a word, phrase, symbol, design, or a combination that identifies a Good (economics and accounting), product or Service (economics), service from a particular source and distinguishes it from others. Trademarks can also extend to non-traditional marks like drawings, symbols, 3D shapes like product designs or packaging, sounds, scents, or specific colours used to create a unique identity. For example, Pepsi® is a registered trademark associated with soft drinks, and the distinctive shape of the Coca-Cola® bottle is a registered trademark protecting Coca-Cola's packaging design. The primary function of a trademark is to identify the source of goods or services and prevent consumers from confusing them with those from other sources. Legal protection for trademarks is typically secured through registration with governmental agencies, such as the United States Patent and Trademark ...
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EBay
eBay Inc. ( , often stylized as ebay) is an American multinational e-commerce company based in San Jose, California, that allows users to buy or view items via retail sales through online marketplaces and websites in 190 markets worldwide. Sales occur either via online auctions or "buy it now" instant sales, and the company charges commissions to sellers upon sales. eBay was founded by Pierre Omidyar in September 1995. It has 132 million yearly active buyers worldwide and handled $73 billion in transactions in 2023, 48% of which were in the United States. In 2023, the company had a take rate (revenue as a percentage of volume) of 13.81%. The company is listed on the Nasdaq Global Select Market and is a component of the S&P 500 and formerly the Nasdaq-100. eBay can be used by individuals, companies and governments to purchase and sell almost any legal, non-controversial item. eBay's auctions use a Vickrey auction (sealed-bid) proxy bid system. Buyers and sellers may r ...
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Eda Glasbruk
Eda glasbruk is a locality situated in Eda Municipality, Värmland County, Sweden with 233 inhabitants in 2010. History In 1835 a glass factory was started at the place that later would be known as Eda glasbruk. The factory A factory, manufacturing plant or production plant is an industrial facility, often a complex consisting of several buildings filled with machinery, where workers manufacture items or operate machines which process each item into another. Th ... was closed in 1953. Eda glasbruk is known for the carnival glass produced there between 1925 and 1929, but also for glass designed by Gerda Strömberg. References Populated places in Eda Municipality {{Värmland-geo-stub ...
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Cambridge Glass
Cambridge Glass was a manufacturer of glassware formed in 1873 in Cambridge, Ohio. The company produced a range of coloured glassware in the 1920s, initially with opaque shades, but moving on to transparent shades by the end of the decade. Unable to compete with mass-produced glassware, the company closed briefly in 1954, but was reopened in 1955. However, financial difficulties persisted, and, after several ownership changes, the factory closed for good in 1958. Imperial Glass Company purchased the Cambridge Glass molds two years later, and would use them for another three decades until that company went bankrupt in 1984. Early history The Cambridge Glass Company was chartered in 1873 by a group of Cambridge, Ohio businessmen. But it was not until 1899, when the site was purchased by the newly formed National Glass Company, that funds became available to start the construction of this new glass factory. In 1901, The Cambridge Glass Company was organized by Myron Case, Casey M ...
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Dugan Glass Company
The Dugan Glass Company was a decorative glass manufacturer based in Indiana, Pennsylvania Pennsylvania, officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a U.S. state, state spanning the Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic, Northeastern United States, Northeastern, Appalachian, and Great Lakes region, Great Lakes regions o .... The company was in business from 1905 until 1913. History The Dugan glass company was founded by Thomas Dugan, a cousin of Harry Northwood. About 1904 Dugan along with his partner W. G. Minnemayer bought the closed Northwood factory in Indiana, PA and opened it as the Dugan glass company. In 1912 a machine fire destroyed many of the molds being used. The company continued production after the Dugans left the company and was renamed the Diamond glass company in 1913. The company continued production until a fire destroyed the plant on June 27, 1931. Production Dugan is best known for peach opalescent, a type of Carnival glass. They produc ...
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Westmoreland Glass Company
The Westmoreland Glass Company was a company that produced glass in Grapeville, Pennsylvania. History The Westmoreland Glass Company was founded in 1889 when a group of men purchased the Specialty Glass Company located in East Liverpool, Ohio, and moved it to Grapeville, Pennsylvania. Grapeville was chosen as the location of the factory because the property had a large source of natural gas. George West served as president of the company, while his brother Charles West was the Vice President. Ira Brainard was the primary financial backer of Westmoreland. His son J.J. Brainard was an officer in the company. Westmoreland's main production was pressed glass tableware lines, mustard jars, and candy containers. Westmoreland had its own mustard factory and tin shop on the property grounds of the factory. George West is regarded as the "Father of the Candy Container Industry" for the company's extensive production of candy containers. West Brothers was a separate company which produ ...
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Millersburg Glass Company
The Millersburg Glass Company was started in 1908 by John W Fenton in Millersburg, OH. History In early 1908 John W. Fenton left the Fenton Art Glass Company after a falling-out with his brother Frank Fenton. Though he remained on the Fenton board of directors. He had helped found Fenton Art Glass with his brother in 1905 . The Millersburg factory was located in Millersburg, OH and was constructed quickly. The factory was state of the art for its day and opened in 1909. John was not the best businessman, he was more of a promoter. The factory was in an obscure location and the company folded in 1911. The company was sold to Samuel Fair and was reopened as the Radium Glass Company. This company only lasted one year and closed in 1912. Colors The company is well known for its Carnival glass. Its first carnival color was Radium. It is known for its bright and shiny finish. The main colors made by Millerburg are green, amethyst, and marigold. They also made vaseline, blue, lavender, ...
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