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Höhere Mädchenschule
Höhere Mädchenschule or Höhere Töchterschule were names of historic schools for the higher education of girls in German-speaking countries between the beginning of the 19th century and 1908. The names may mean higher education, but also education of girls (or daughters) of the upper classes. Some early institutions of higher education for girls were called Lyceum, while the term Gymnasium was first used only for boys' schools. History The term Höhere Mädchenschule was used for schools which promoted education of the mind ("geistige Bildung") beyond Volksschule (elementary school). They were sometimes reserved for (literally: "higher daughters"), girls from the wealthy bourgeoisie. The Mariengymnasium in Papenburg, for example, was founded around 1835 for the female youth from upper estates ("die weibliche Jugend höherer Stände"). The first schools providing higher education for girls were founded at the beginning of the 18th century. The Gymnaecum, founded in 1709 by A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Victoria Lyceum
Victoria most commonly refers to: * Queen Victoria (1819–1901), Queen of the United Kingdom and Empress of India * Victoria (state), a state of Australia * Victoria, British Columbia, Canada, a provincial capital * Victoria, Seychelles, the capital city of the Seychelles * Victoria (mythology), Roman goddess of victory Victoria may also refer to: Animals and plants * Victoria (moth), ''Victoria'' (moth), a moth genus in the family Geometridae * Victoria (plant), ''Victoria'' (plant), a waterlily genus in the family Nymphaeaceae * Victoria plum, a plum cultivar * Victoria (goose), the first goose to receive a prosthetic 3D printed beak * Victoria (grape), another name for the German/Italian wine grape Trollinger Arts and entertainment Films * ''Victoria'', a Russian 1917 silent film directed by Olga Preobrazhenskaya (director), Olga Preobrazhenskaya, based on the Knut Hamsun novel * Victoria (1935 film), ''Victoria'' (1935 film), a German film * Victoria (1972 film), ''V ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saarbrücken
Saarbrücken (; Rhenish Franconian: ''Sabrigge'' ; ; ; ; ) is the capital and largest List of cities and towns in Germany, city of the state of Saarland, Germany. Saarbrücken has 181,959 inhabitants and is Saarland's administrative, commercial and cultural centre. It is located on the Saar River (a tributary of the Moselle), directly borders the French department of Moselle (department), Moselle, and is Germany's second-westernmost state capital after Düsseldorf. The modern city of Saarbrücken was created in 1909 by the merger of the three cities of Saarbrücken (now called ''Alt-Saarbrücken''), Sankt Johann (Saarbrücken), St. Johann a. d. Saar, and Malstatt-Burbach. It was the industrial and transport centre of the Saar coal basin. Products included iron and steel, sugar, beer, pottery, optical instruments, machinery, and construction materials. Historic landmarks in the city include the stone bridge across the Saar (river), Saar (1546), the Gothic church of St. Ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Linden (H
Linden may refer to: Trees * ''Tilia'' (also known as lime or basswood), a genus ** American linden, a common name for ''Tilia americana'' ** Large-leaved linden, a common name for ''Tilia platyphyllos'' ** Little-leaf linden, a common name for ''Tilia cordata'' ** Silver linden, a common name for ''Tilia tomentosa'' * Viburnum linden, a common name for ''Viburnum dilatatum'' Places Australia * Linden, New South Wales, a village in the Blue Mountains * Linden, Queensland, a rural locality * Linden, Western Australia, a ghost town in the goldfields of Western Australia Canada * Linden, Alberta, a village * Linden, Nova Scotia Germany * Linden, Hanover, a quarter in the district of Hanover, Lower Saxony * Linden, Hesse, a town in the district of Gießen, Hessen * Linden, Kaiserslautern, a municipality in the district of Kaiserslautern, Rhineland-Palatinate * Linden, Schleswig-Holstein, a municipality in the district Dithmarschen, Schleswig-Holstein * Linden, Westerwaldkreis, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lucie Crain
Lucie Crain (fl. 1891), was a German women's rights activist and educator. She played a significant part in the history of women's education in Germany. She is known as the founder of the '' Crainschen Anstalten'' in Berlin, often referred to as the leading ''Höhere Töchternschulen'' (women's college Women's colleges in higher education are undergraduate, bachelor's degree-granting institutions, often liberal arts colleges, whose student populations are composed exclusively or almost exclusively of women. Some women's colleges admit male st ...) in the German Empire. References * Gudrun Wedel: Lehren zwischen Arbeit und Beruf. Einblicke in das Leben der Autobiographinnen im 19. Jh. Köln et al. 2000, 243. 19th-century German educators German women's rights activists {{feminism-activist-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Angelika Schaser
Angelika Schaser (born 1956) is a German historian. Life and career Born in Munich, Schaser studied history, geography and library science in Munich and Berlin. In 1985, she became a research assistant to Ilja Mieck at the Friedrich Meinecke Institute of Freie Universität Berlin. In 1987, she received her doctorate from the FU Berlin with the thesis ''Josephinian Reforms and Social Change in Transylvania''. Her doctoral supervisor was Mathias Bernath. The topic was suggested by Harald Zimmermann. In 1999, she habilitated at the FU Berlin with the thesis ''Helene Lange and Gertrud Bäumer. A Political Life Community''. In 2000, she received the Wolf-Erich-Kellner-Prize for her habilitation thesis. After her habilitation, she was a senior assistant at the Friedrich Meinecke Institute. Since 2001, Schaser has succeeded Bernd Jürgen Wendt as Professor of New History at the University of Hamburg. Schaser's main areas of research and teaching include religion and society in t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Friedrich Althoff
Friedrich Theodor Althoff (19 February 1839 – 20 October 1908), was head of the university department in the Prussian Ministry of Education, and played a leading role in developing the research university in Prussia. This system became the model for research universities in the United States and much of Europe. He was a graduate of Bonn University in 1861, but never took a doctorate. When Germany took over Alsace-Lorraine in 1871, he became a legal advisor to the civil commissioners office. In 1882-1907, he served as privy councillor and chief executive officer of the Prussian Ministry of Ecclesiastical, Educational, and Medical Affairs. This put them in charge of higher education in Prussia, and the most important educational official in Germany. He achieved heavy funding and strong support from the Prussian government under Otto von Bismarck, and was in close contact with the Kaiser and with private financiers eager to help their alma mater. He strove to turn the undergraduate- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Helene Lange
Helene Lange was born in 1848 in Oldenburg (city), Oldenburg. Through her determination, she rose above the trials of her early life, including the loss of her parents, to become a leading voice for women's access to higher education and professional careers, particularly in teaching. She helped motivate the establishment of thFrauenbewegung or women's movement, in Germany. She worked constantly to raise the standards of education among women, believing that social progress was impossible without equal educational opportunities being given to women. Life and education In addition to her work as an educator, Lange was also active in politics and social reform. In 1890, she founded the :de:Allgemeiner_Deutscher_Lehrerinnenverein, Allgemeiner Deutscher Lehrerinnenverein a general association of German female teachers, which was a network that fought for women educators to improve their working conditions and have more access to leading positions in the field. The work of Lange was a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abitur
''Abitur'' (), often shortened colloquially to ''Abi'', is a qualification granted at the end of secondary education in Germany. It is conferred on students who pass their final exams at the end of ISCED 3, usually after twelve or thirteen years of schooling (see also, for Germany, ''Abitur'' after twelve years). In German, the term has roots in the older word meaning "Leave (Graduation) exam/diploma", which in turn was derived from the Latin (future active participle of , thus "someone who is going to leave"). As a matriculation examination, ''Abitur'' can be compared to A levels, the '' Matura'' or the International Baccalaureate Diploma, which are all ranked as level 4 in the European Qualifications Framework. In Germany Overview The ("certificate of general qualification for university entrance"), often referred to as ("''Abitur'' certificate"), issued after candidates have passed their final exams and have had appropriate grades in both the last and second last s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prussia
Prussia (; ; Old Prussian: ''Prūsija'') was a Germans, German state centred on the North European Plain that originated from the 1525 secularization of the Prussia (region), Prussian part of the State of the Teutonic Order. For centuries, the House of Hohenzollern ruled Prussia, expanding its size with the Prussian Army. Prussia, with its capital at Königsberg and then, when it became the Kingdom of Prussia in 1701, History of Berlin, Berlin, decisively shaped the history of Germany. Prussia formed the German Empire when it united the German states in 1871. It was ''de facto'' dissolved by 1932 Prussian coup d'état, an emergency decree transferring powers of the Prussian government to German Chancellor Franz von Papen in 1932 and ''de jure'' by Abolition of Prussia, an Allied decree in 1947. The name ''Prussia'' derives from the Old Prussians who were conquered by the Teutonic Knightsan organized Catholic medieval Military order (religious society), military order of Pru ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Compulsory Education
Compulsory education refers to a period of education that is required of all people and is imposed by the government. This education may take place at a registered school or at home or other places. Compulsory school attendance or compulsory schooling means that parents are obliged to send their children to a state-approved school. All countries except Bhutan, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, and Vatican City have compulsory education laws. Purpose During the late 18th and early 19th centuries, most schools in the United States did not mandate regular attendance. In many areas, students attended school for no more than three to four months out of the year. At the start of the 20th century, the purpose of compulsory education was to master physical skills which are necessary and can be contributed to the nation. It also instilled values of ethics and social communications abilities in teenagers, and it would allow immigrants to fit in the unacquainted society of a new cou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Finishing School
A finishing school focuses on teaching young women social graces and upper-class cultural rites as a preparation for entry into society. The name reflects the fact that it follows ordinary school and is intended to complete a young woman's education by providing classes primarily on deportment, etiquette, and other non-academic subjects. The school may offer an intensive course, or a one-year programme. In the United States, a finishing school is sometimes called a charm school. Graeme Donald claims that the educational ladies' salons of the late 19th century led to the formal finishing institutions common in Switzerland around that time. At the schools' peak, thousands of wealthy young women were sent to one of the dozens of finishing schools available, starting at age 16. The primary goals of such institutions were to teach students the skills necessary to attract a good husband, and to become interesting socialites and wives. The 1960s marked the decline of the finishin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
