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Hero Of Socialist Labour
The Hero of Socialist Labour () was an Title of honor, honorific title in the Soviet Union and other Warsaw Pact countries from 1938 to 1991. It represented the highest degree of distinction in the USSR and was awarded for exceptional achievements in Soviet industry and culture. It provided a similar status to the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, which was awarded for heroic deeds, but differed in that it was not awarded to foreign citizens. History The Title "Hero of Socialist Labour" was introduced by decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet, Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union on December 27, 1938. Originally, Heroes of Socialist Labour were awarded the highest state decoration, decoration of the Soviet Union, the Order of Lenin, and a wikt:certificate, diploma from the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union. In order to distinguish the Heroes of Socialist Labour from other Order of Lenin recipients, the "Hammer and sickle, Hammer and Si ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hero Of Labour Of The Russian Federation
Hero of Labour of the Russian Federation () is a state award of Russia. The title is awarded to citizens of Russia for special services in labour to the state and its people associated with the achievement of outstanding results in public, social and economic activities aimed at ensuring the welfare and prosperity of Russia. The award was established by President of Russia, Russian President Vladimir Putin by Decree of the President of Russia, Presidential Decree №294 of March 29, 2013, "On establishing the Hero of Labour of the Russian Federation".Установлено звание Героя Труда ''Администрация Президента РФ'', 29.3.2013. This award is seen as the successor of Soviet Union's Hero of Socialist Labour. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Boris Shpitalniy
Boris Gavriilovich Shpitalny (; – 6 February 1972) was a Soviet designer of aircraft guns and cannons and one of the first people awarded the title Hero of Socialist Labor. Career Boris Shpitalny graduated from MAMI Moscow State Technical University in 1927. Three years later, Boris Shpitalny together with Irinarkh Komaritsky designed the ShKAS machine gun, a 7.62 mm machine gun widely used by Soviet aircraft in the 1930s and during World War II. In 1939, a small number of Ultra-ShKAS were produced featuring a firing rate of 3,000 rounds per minute, but these saw only limited use due to reliability problems. ShKAS served as the basis for the ShVAK cannon in 1936 (designed in collaboration with Semyon Vladimirov). This 20-mm autocannon was installed in many Soviet aircraft including Yakovlev Yak-1, Polikarpov I-153 and I-16, Lavochkin La-5 and La-7, LaGG-3, early Ilyushin Il-2, and Soviet-modified Hawker Hurricane aircraft, as well as T-38 and T-60 tanks. His ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Boris Vannikov
Boris Lvovich Vannikov (; 26 August 1897 – 22 February 1962), was a Soviet politician and a political commissar of Azerbaijani Jewish origin who was one of the senior program managers in the Soviet program of nuclear weapons. Biography Boris Vannikov was born in Baku in Azerbaijan into the Jewish family that was employed in the petroleum industry. Insight in his early life is provided by the biographical accounts written by Russian engineer, Boris Chertok, who noted that Vannikov followed his father's footstep to work in the petroleum industry but later found work as a railroad construction worker and as locksmith. Chertok, nonetheless, described him as "quite energetic, typically Jewish in appearance, sometimes rudely cynical, sometimes very blunt, and friendly and amicable when necessary... ithquite exceptional organizational skills." At age 20, Vannikov joined the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and was its devout follower who engaged in the revolutionary politic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anatoly Alexandrov (physicist)
Anatoly Petrovich Alexandrov (, 13 February 1903 – 3 February 1994) was a Russian Physics, physicist who played a crucial and centralizing role in the former Soviet atomic bomb project, Soviet program of nuclear weapons. During his lifetime, Alexandrov was the recipient of many honors, civil citations, and state awards for this work and was also the director of the Kurchatov Institute and the President of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union, Soviet Academy of Sciences from 1975 until 1986. Early life Anatoly Alexandrov was born on 13 February 1903 into a Russian family of a prominent judge in the town of Tarashcha, Kiev Governorate, Russian Empire (now in Ukraine). In 1919, at the height of the Russian Civil War, Alexandrov graduated from high school in Kiev. The certificate gave the right to enter the university at the physics and mathematics or medical faculty. When the Red Army captured Kiev on February 5, 1919, Alexandrov and a friend were at a dacha in Mlynka. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dissolution Of The Soviet Union
The Soviet Union was formally dissolved as a sovereign state and subject of international law on 26 December 1991 by Declaration No. 142-N of the Soviet of the Republics of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union. Declaration No. 142-Н of the Soviet of the Republics of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union, formally establishing the dissolution of the Soviet Union as a state and subject of international law. It also brought an end to the Soviet Union's federal government and General Secretary (also President) Mikhail Gorbachev's effort to reform the Soviet political and economic system in an attempt to stop a period of political stalemate and economic backslide. The Soviet Union had experienced internal stagnation and ethnic separatism. Although highly centralized until its final years, the country was made up of 15 top-level republics that served as the homelands for different ethnicities. By late 1991, amid a catastrophic political crisis, with several republics al ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andrei Tupolev
Andrei Nikolayevich Tupolev (; – 23 December 1972) was a Russian and later Soviet aeronautical engineer known for his pioneering aircraft designs as the director of the Tupolev Design Bureau. Tupolev was an early pioneer of aeronautics in Russia and served as a protégé of Nikolay Zhukovsky (scientist), Nikolay Zhukovsky. Tupolev designed or oversaw the design of more than 100 types of civilian and military aircraft in the Soviet Union over 50 years, some of which set 78 world records. Tupolev produced many notable designs such as the Tupolev Tu-2, Tu-2, Tupolev Tu-16, Tu-16, Tupolev Tu-95, Tu-95, and Tupolev Tu-104, Tu-104, and the reverse engineered Tu-4. Tupolev was highly honoured in the Soviet Union and awarded various titles and honours including the Hero of Socialist Labor three times, Order of Lenin eight times, Order of the Red Banner of Labour two times, made an academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences in 1953, and a Colonel-General of the Soviet Air Forc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peter Andreevich Tkachev
Peter Andreevich Tkachev was a Russian weapons engineer for TsNIITochMash. He is known to have worked on and modified various weapons such as the AO-38, AO-40, AO-46, AO-62 and AO-63 assault rifles as well as developing the Balanced Automatics Recoil System (BARS) used in the AK-107."Солдат удачи" номер 9 (72) 2000 Д.Ширяев "Кто изобрел автомат Калашникова" References External links * Firearm designers Russian inventors Soviet engineers Heroes of Socialist Labour {{russia-engineer-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dmitri Shostakovich
Dmitri Dmitriyevich Shostakovich, group=n (9 August 1975) was a Soviet-era Russian composer and pianist who became internationally known after the premiere of his First Symphony in 1926 and thereafter was regarded as a major composer. Shostakovich achieved early fame in the Soviet Union, but had a complex relationship with its government. His 1934 opera '' Lady Macbeth of Mtsensk'' was initially a success but later condemned by the Soviet government, putting his career at risk. In 1948, his work was denounced under the Zhdanov Doctrine, with professional consequences lasting several years. Even after his censure was rescinded in 1956, performances of his music were occasionally subject to state interventions, as with his Thirteenth Symphony (1962). Nevertheless, Shostakovich was a member of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR (1947) and the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union (from 1962 until his death), as well as chairman of the RSFSR Union of Composers (1960–1968). Over ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander Tselikov
Alexander Ivanovich Tselikov (; 20 April 1904, in Moscow – 28 October 1984, in Moscow) was a Soviet metallurgist, industrial machines designer, and Hero of Socialist Labor (1964, 1984). He was elected a corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR The Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union was the highest scientific institution of the Soviet Union from 1925 to 1991. It united the country's leading scientists and was subordinated directly to the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union (u ... in 1953 and full member ( academician) in 1964. References 1904 births 1984 deaths Heroes of Socialist Labour Full Members of the USSR Academy of Sciences Engineers from Moscow Soviet metallurgists {{USSR-scientist-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emilian Bucov
Emilian Bucov or Bukov (; – 17 October 1984) was a Soviet and Moldavian writer and poet, recognized with the State Prize of the Moldavian SSR and honorary title of People's Writer of the Moldavian SSR (1982). He studied at the Bucharest University and took part in underground communist movement. Bukov was awarded the Hero of Socialist Labour in 1979 for his work, the Order of Lenin medal twice and the Order of the Red Banner of Labour, twice. Biography Professional and political activity He was born in a poor Lipovan and Moldovan family, he graduated from, after overcoming material difficulties, the "B.P. Hașdeu" lyceum in Chișinău (1930) and then, the Faculty of Letters and Philosophy of the University of Bucharest (1936). As a student, he became a member of the Union of Communist Youth and unlawfully carries out various political activities. From 1940 he fled to Moscow and contributes through his lyrics to the dissemination of anti-Romanian Bolshevik slogans. Established ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nikolai Afanasyev
Nikolay Mikhailovich Afanasyev (; 14 November 1916 – 15 March 2009), also known as Nicolai Michaelovich Afanasiev, was a Russian firearms designer.Памяти Николая Михайловича Афанасьева , ''КАЛАШНИКОВ. ОРУЖИЕ, БОЕПРИПАСЫ, СНАРЯЖЕНИЕ'' 2009/4, p. 24 Biography Nicolai Michaelovitch Afanasiev was born in Russia on 14 November 1916 in St. Petersburg. In 1938 he graduated from a Tekhnikum of the Mechanization of Agriculture. In 1939 he was drafted to serve in a tank corps in |
Mikhail Kalashnikov
Mikhail Timofeyevich Kalashnikov (10November 191923December 2013) was a Soviet and Russian lieutenant general, inventor, Military engineering, military engineer, writer, and small arms designer. He is most famous for developing the AK-47 assault rifle and its improvements, the AKM and AK-74, as well as the RPK light machine gun and PK machine gun. Kalashnikov was, according to himself, a self-taught tinkerer who combined innate mechanical skills with the study of weaponry to design arms that achieved battlefield ubiquity. Even though Kalashnikov felt sorrow at the weapons' uncontrolled distribution, he took pride in his inventions and in their reputation for reliability, emphasizing that his rifle is "a weapon of defense" and "not a weapon for offense". Early life Kalashnikov was born in the village of Kurya, Kuryinsky District, Altai Krai, Kurya, in present-day Altai Krai, Russia, as the seventeenth child of the 19 children of Aleksandra Frolovna Kalashnikova (née Kaverina) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
