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Fstab
fstab (after '' file systems table'') is a system file commonly found in the directory /etc on Unix and Unix-like computer systems. The /etc/fstab file is used by utilities from the util-linux package (such as mount and findmnt), but it's not limited to them — it is also processed by systemd via systemd-fstab-generator for automatic mounting during boot. The fstab file typically lists all available disk partitions and other types of file systems and data sources that may not necessarily be disk-based, and indicates how they are to be initialized or otherwise integrated into the larger file system structure. The fstab file is read by the mount command, which happens automatically at boot time to determine the overall file system structure, and thereafter when a user executes the mount command to modify that structure. It is the duty of the system administrator to properly create and maintain the fstab file. While fstab is used for basic system configuration, for other uses, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Linux
Linux ( ) is a family of open source Unix-like operating systems based on the Linux kernel, an kernel (operating system), operating system kernel first released on September 17, 1991, by Linus Torvalds. Linux is typically package manager, packaged as a Linux distribution (distro), which includes the kernel and supporting system software and library (computing), libraries—most of which are provided by third parties—to create a complete operating system, designed as a clone of Unix and released under the copyleft GPL license. List of Linux distributions, Thousands of Linux distributions exist, many based directly or indirectly on other distributions; popular Linux distributions include Debian, Fedora Linux, Linux Mint, Arch Linux, and Ubuntu, while commercial distributions include Red Hat Enterprise Linux, SUSE Linux Enterprise, and ChromeOS. Linux distributions are frequently used in server platforms. Many Linux distributions use the word "Linux" in their name, but the Free ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stat (Unix)
is a Unix system call that queries the file system for metadata about a computer file, file (including Unix file type, special files such as computer directory, directories). The metadata contains many fields including Unix file type, type, file size, size, ownership, File-system permissions, permissions and Unix time, timestamps. For example, the ls, command uses this system call to retrieve timestamps: * mtime: when last modified () * atime: when last accessed () * ctime: when last status changed () appeared in Research Unix#Versions, Version 1 Unix. It is among the few original Unix system calls to change, with Research Unix#Versions, Version 4's addition of group permissions and larger file size. Since at least 2004, the same-named shell (computing), shell command (computing), command stat has been available for Linux to expose features of the system call via a command-line interface. Functions The C POSIX library header , found on POSIX and other Unix-like operating ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Access-control List
In computer security, an access-control list (ACL) is a list of permissions associated with a system resource (object or facility). An ACL specifies which users or system processes are granted access to resources, as well as what operations are allowed on given resources. Each entry in a typical ACL specifies a subject and an operation. For instance, * If a file object has an ACL that contains, this would give Alice permission to read and write the file and give Bob permission only to read it. * If the Resource Access Control Facility (RACF) profile CONSOLE CLASS(TSOAUTH) has an ACL that contains, this would give ALICE permission to use the TSO CONSOLE command. Implementations Many kinds of operating systems implement ACLs or have a historical implementation; the first implementation of ACLs was in the filesystem of Multics in 1965. Filesystem ACLs A filesystem ACL is a data structure (usually a table) containing entries that specify individual user or group rights to spe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ext3
ext3, or third extended filesystem, is a journaling file system, journaled file system that is commonly used with the Linux kernel. It used to be the default file system for many popular Linux distributions but generally has been supplanted by its successor version ext4. The main advantage of ext3 over its predecessor, ext2, is journaling file system, journaling, which improves reliability and eliminates the need to check the file system after an unclean or improper Shutdown (computing), shutdown. History Stephen Tweedie first revealed that he was working on extending ext2 in ''Journaling the Linux ext2fs Filesystem'' in a 1998 paper, and later in a February 1999 kernel mailing list posting. The filesystem was merged with the mainline Linux kernel in November 2001 from 2.4.15 onward. Advantages The speed performance of ext3 is less attractive than competing Linux filesystems, such as ext4, JFS (file system), JFS, ReiserFS, and XFS, but ext3 has a significant advantage in tha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Setgid
The Unix and Linux access rights flags setuid and setgid (short for ''set user identity'' and ''set group identity'') allow users to run an executable with the file system permissions of the executable's owner or group respectively and to change behaviour in directories. They are often used to allow users on a computer system to run programs with temporarily elevated privileges to perform a specific task. While the assumed user id or group id privileges provided are not always elevated, at a minimum they are specific. The flags setuid and setgid are needed for tasks that require different privileges than what the user is normally granted, such as the ability to alter system files or databases to change their login password. Some of the tasks that require additional privileges may not immediately be obvious, though, such as the ping command, which must send and listen for control packets on a network interface. File modes The setuid and setgid bits are normally represented as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Setuid
The Unix and Linux access rights flags setuid and setgid (short for ''set user identity'' and ''set group identity'') allow users to run an executable with the file system permissions of the executable's owner or group respectively and to change behaviour in directories. They are often used to allow users on a computer system to run programs with temporarily elevated privileges to perform a specific task. While the assumed user id or group id privileges provided are not always elevated, at a minimum they are specific. The flags setuid and setgid are needed for tasks that require different privileges than what the user is normally granted, such as the ability to alter system files or databases to change their login password. Some of the tasks that require additional privileges may not immediately be obvious, though, such as the ping command, which must send and listen for control packets on a network interface. File modes The setuid and setgid bits are normally represented a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
NTFS
NT File System (NTFS) (commonly called ''New Technology File System'') is a proprietary journaling file system developed by Microsoft in the 1990s. It was developed to overcome scalability, security and other limitations with File Allocation Table, FAT. NTFS adds several features that File Allocation Table, FAT and HPFS (file system), HPFS lack, including: access control lists (ACLs); filesystem encryption; transparent compression; sparse files; Journaling file system, file system journaling and shadow copy, volume shadow copy, a feature that allows backups of a system while in use. Starting with Windows NT 3.1, it is the default file system of the Windows NT family superseding the File Allocation Table (FAT) file system. NTFS read/write support is available on Linux and Berkeley Software Distribution, BSD using NTFS3 in Linux kernel, Linux and NTFS-3G in BSD. NTFS uses several files hidden from the user to store metadata about other files stored on the drive which can help impr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Space Character
A whitespace character is a character data element that represents white space when text is rendered for display by a computer. For example, a ''space'' character (, ASCII 32) represents blank space such as a word divider in a Western script. A printable character results in output when rendered, but a whitespace character does not. Instead, whitespace characters define the layout of text to a limited degree, interrupting the normal sequence of rendering characters next to each other. The output of subsequent characters is typically shifted to the right (or to the left for right-to-left script) or to the start of the next line. The effect of multiple sequential whitespace characters is cumulative such that the next printable character is rendered at a location based on the accumulated effect of preceding whitespace characters. The origin of the term ''whitespace'' is rooted in the common practice of rendering text on white paper. Normally, a whitespace character is ''n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fsck
The system utility fsck (''file system check'') is a tool for checking the consistency of a file system in Unix and Unix-like operating systems, such as Linux Linux ( ) is a family of open source Unix-like operating systems based on the Linux kernel, an kernel (operating system), operating system kernel first released on September 17, 1991, by Linus Torvalds. Linux is typically package manager, pac ..., macOS, and FreeBSD. "In actuality, fsck is simply a front-end for the various filesystem checkers (fsck.fstype) available under Linux." The equivalent programs on MS-DOS and Microsoft Windows are CHKDSK, System File Checker, SFC, and SCANDISK. Use Generally, fsck is run either automatically at boot time, or manually by the system administrator. The command works directly on data structures stored on disk, which are internal and specific to the particular file system in use - so an fsck command tailored to the file system is generally required. The exact behaviors of variou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dump (Unix)
The dump command is a program on Unix and Unix-like operating systems used to back up file systems. It operates on blocks, below filesystem abstractions such as files and directories. Dump can back up a file system to a tape or another disk. It is often used across a network by piping its output through bzip2 then SSH. A dump utility first appeared in Version 6 AT&T UNIX. A dump command is also part of ASCII's ''MSX-DOS2 Tools'' for MSX-DOS version 2. Usage dump 0123456789acLnSu B records b blocksize C cachesize D dumpdates d density -P pipecommand h level s feet T datefilesystem $ dump -W , -w See also *tar (file format) *cpio *rsync rsync (remote sync) is a utility for transferring and synchronizing files between a computer and a storage drive and across networked computers by comparing the modification times and sizes of files. It is commonly found on Unix-like opera ... References External linksHome page of the Linux Ext2 filesystem dump/restore ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Backup
In information technology, a backup, or data backup is a copy of computer data taken and stored elsewhere so that it may be used to restore the original after a data loss event. The verb form, referring to the process of doing so, is "wikt:back up, back up", whereas the noun and adjective form is "wikt:backup, backup". Backups can be used to data recovery, recover data after its loss from File deletion, data deletion or Data corruption, corruption, or to recover data from an earlier time. Backups provide a simple form of IT disaster recovery; however not all backup systems are able to reconstitute a computer system or other complex configuration such as a computer cluster, active directory server, or database server. A backup system contains at least one copy of all data considered worth saving. The computer data storage, data storage requirements can be large. An information repository model may be used to provide structure to this storage. There are different types of data stor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
