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Flaccid Penis
Tumescence is the quality or state of being tumescent or swollen. Tumescence usually refers to the normal engorgement with blood ( vascular congestion) of the erectile tissues, marking sexual excitation, and possible readiness for sexual activity. The tumescent sexual organ in males is the penis and in females is the clitoris and other parts of the genitalia like the vestibular bulbs. Arteries in the penis dilate to increase blood volume. Detumescence is the reversal of this process, by which blood leaves the erectile tissue, returning the erectile tissue to the flaccid state. Something that causes an erection is sometimes referred to as a tumefier (tumefyer) or tumescer. See also *Clitoral erection *Erection * Hard flaccid syndrome *Intumescent, a substance that swells up when heated * Priapism * Nocturnal clitoral tumescence *Nocturnal emission *Nocturnal penile tumescence * Sexual swelling *Sleep sex *Swelling (medical) Edema (American English), also spelled oedema (Bri ...
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Blood
Blood is a body fluid in the circulatory system of humans and other vertebrates that delivers necessary substances such as nutrients and oxygen to the cells, and transports metabolic waste products away from those same cells. Blood is composed of blood cells suspended in blood plasma. Plasma, which constitutes 55% of blood fluid, is mostly water (92% by volume), and contains proteins, glucose, mineral ions, and hormones. The blood cells are mainly red blood cells (erythrocytes), white blood cells (leukocytes), and (in mammals) platelets (thrombocytes). The most abundant cells are red blood cells. These contain hemoglobin, which facilitates oxygen transport by reversibly binding to it, increasing its solubility. Jawed vertebrates have an adaptive immune system, based largely on white blood cells. White blood cells help to resist infections and parasites. Platelets are important in the clotting of blood. Blood is circulated around the body through blood vessels by the ...
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Erection
An erection (clinically: penile erection or penile tumescence) is a Physiology, physiological phenomenon in which the penis becomes firm, engorged, and enlarged. Penile erection is the result of a complex interaction of psychological, neural, vascular, and endocrine factors, and is often associated with sexual arousal, sexual attraction or libido, although erections can also be spontaneous. The shape, angle, and direction of an erection vary considerably between humans. Physiologically, an erection is required for a male to effect penetration or sexual intercourse and is triggered by the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system, causing the levels of nitric oxide (a vasodilation, vasodilator) to rise in the Trabeculae of corpora cavernosa of penis, trabecular artery, arteries and smooth muscle of the penis. The arteries Vasodilation, dilate causing the Corpus cavernosum penis, corpora cavernosa of the penis (and to a lesser extent the corpus spongiosum) to fill ...
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Sexual Arousal
Sexual arousal (also known as sexual excitement) describes the Physiology, physiological and psychological responses in preparation for sexual intercourse or when exposed to Sexual stimulation, sexual stimuli. A number of physiological responses occur in the body and mind as preparation for sexual intercourse, and continue during intercourse. #Male physiological response, Male arousal will lead to an erection, and in #Female physiological response, female arousal, the body's response is engorged sexual tissues such as Erection of nipples, nipples, Clitoral erection, clitoris, Vagina#Microanatomy, vaginal walls, and vaginal lubrication. Stimulus (psychology), Mental stimuli and Stimulus (physiology), physical stimuli such as touch, and the internal fluctuation of hormones, can influence sexual arousal. Sexual arousal has several stages and may not lead to any actual sexual activity beyond a mental arousal and the physiological changes that accompany it. Given sufficient sexual st ...
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Swelling (medical)
Edema (American English), also spelled oedema (British English), and also known as fluid retention, swelling, dropsy and hydropsy, is the build-up of fluid in the body's tissue (biology), tissue. Most commonly, the legs or arms are affected. Symptoms may include skin that feels tight, the area feeling heavy, and joint stiffness. Other symptoms depend on the underlying cause. Causes may include Chronic venous insufficiency, venous insufficiency, heart failure, kidney problems, hypoalbuminemia, low protein levels, liver problems, deep vein thrombosis, infections, kwashiorkor, angioedema, certain medications, and lymphedema. It may also occur in immobile patients (stroke, spinal cord injury, aging), or with temporary immobility such as prolonged sitting or standing, and during menstruation or pregnancy. The condition is more concerning if it starts suddenly, or pain or shortness of breath is present. Treatment depends on the underlying cause. If the underlying mechanism involve ...
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Sleep Sex
Sexsomnia, also known as sleep sex, is a distinct form of parasomnia, or an abnormal activity that occurs while an individual is asleep. Sexsomnia is characterized by an individual engaging in Human sexual activity, sexual acts while in non-rapid eye movement (Non-rapid eye movement sleep, NREM) sleep. Sexual behaviors that result from sexsomnia are not to be mistaken with normal Nocturnality, nocturnal sexual behaviors, which do not occur during NREM sleep. Sexual behaviors that are viewed as normal during sleep and are accompanied by extensive research and documentation include nocturnal emissions, nocturnal penile tumescence, nocturnal erections, and sleep orgasms. Sexsomnia can present in an individual with other pre-existing sleep-related disorders. Sexsomnia is most often diagnosed in males beginning in adolescence. Although they may appear to be fully awake, individuals who have sexsomnia often have no recollection of the sexual behaviors they exhibit while asleep. As a ...
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Sexual Swelling
Sexual swelling, sexual skin, or anogenital tumescence refers to localized engorgement of the anus and vulva region of some female primates that vary in size over the course of the menstrual cycle. Thought to be an honest signal of fertility, male primates are attracted to these swellings; preferring, and competing for, females with the largest swellings. Sexual swelling is widespread among primates but completely absent in humans and vervet monkeys. Females of these species exhibit concealed ovulation. Though heavily investigated, the ultimate function of sexual swellings remains unknown. Over the last 50 years, eight principal explanations have been proposed, each claiming to account for the function of exaggerated swellings. Alone, however, no single hypothesis is believed to account for the function of sexual swellings; a combination of these theories may be more appropriate. In line with this ideal, the most recent account regarding the function of sexual swellings (the gra ...
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Nocturnal Penile Tumescence
Nocturnal penile tumescence (NPT) is a spontaneous erection of the penis during sleep or when waking up. Along with nocturnal clitoral tumescence, it is also known as sleep-related erection. Colloquially, the term morning wood, or less commonly, morning glory is also used, although this is more commonly used to refer specifically to an erection ''beginning'' during sleep and persisting into the period just after waking. Men without physiological erectile dysfunction or severe depression experience nocturnal penile tumescence, usually three to five times during a period of sleep, typically during rapid eye movement sleep. Nocturnal penile tumescence is believed to contribute to penile health. Mechanism The cause of nocturnal penile tumescence is not known with certainty. In a wakeful state, in the presence of mechanical stimulation with or without an arousal, erection is initiated by the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system with minimal input from the central ...
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Nocturnal Emission
A wet dream, sex dream, or sleep orgasm, is a spontaneous occurrence of sexual arousal during sleep that includes ejaculation (nocturnal emission) and orgasm for a male, and vaginal lubrication and/or orgasm for a female. Context Nocturnal emissions can happen after stressful dreams in REM sleep which activate the sympathetic nervous system, hence leading to ejaculation. They can also happen after sex dreams. Nocturnal emissions can start as early as age ten, and are most common during adolescence and early young adult years, but they may happen any time after puberty. Men can wake up during a wet dream, or sleep through it, but for women, some researchers have added the requirement that they should awaken during the orgasm, and perceive that the orgasm happened before it counts as a ''wet dream''. Vaginal lubrication alone does not mean that the woman has had an orgasm. Composition Due to the difficulty in collecting ejaculate produced during nocturnal emissions, relati ...
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Nocturnal Clitoral Tumescence
Nocturnal clitoral tumescence (NCT), colloquially known as morning bean, is a spontaneous swelling of the clitoris during sleep or when waking up. Similar to the process in males, nocturnal penile tumescence, females experience clitoris tumescence and engorgement of the vagina, mainly during the REM sleep phase. According to Fisher et al., the increase in vaginal blood flow associated with NCT during REM sleep is similar to the process in men in frequency, i.e. 95% of REM phases. It does occur a bit more often in non-REM sleep, and each episode appears shorter in duration. In terms of size, NCT is similar to that induced by erotic stimulation when awake. The erection may be associated with erotic dreams and even, occasionally, sleep orgasms. The phenomenon was first documented in 1970 by Karacan et al., with a single aforementioned follow-up study in 1983 by Fisher et al. More recent research includes a 2023 study by Gören et al., who found that their subjects displayed vaginal p ...
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Priapism
Priapism is a condition in which a penis remains erect for hours in the absence of stimulation or after stimulation has ended. There are three types: ischemic (low-flow), nonischemic (high-flow), and recurrent ischemic (intermittent). Most cases are ischemic. Ischemic priapism is generally painful while nonischemic priapism is not. In ischemic priapism, most of the penis is hard; however, the glans penis is not. In nonischemic priapism, the entire penis is only somewhat hard. Very rarely, clitoral priapism occurs in women. Sickle cell disease is the most common cause of ischemic priapism. Other causes include medications such as antipsychotics, SSRIs, blood thinners and prostaglandin E1, as well as drugs such as cocaine. Ischemic priapism occurs when blood does not adequately drain from the penis. Nonischemic priapism is typically due to a connection forming between an artery and the corpus cavernosum or disruption of the parasympathetic nervous system resulting in increase ...
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Intumescent
An intumescent substance is one that swells as a result of heat exposure, leading to an increase in volume and decrease in density. Intumescence refers to the process of swelling. Intumescent materials are typically used in passive fire protection and require listing and approval use and compliance, listing, approval, and compliance in their installed configurations in order to comply with the national building codes and laws. The details for individual building parts are specified in technical standards which are compiled and published by national or international standardization bodies like the BSI Group, British Standards Institute (BSI), the Deutsches Institut für Normung, German Institute for Standardization (DIN), the ASTM International, American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) or the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Intumescent coatings for steel constructions must be approved in standardized fire tests. Types Soft char These intumescent ma ...
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Hard Flaccid Syndrome
Hard flaccid syndrome (HFS), also known as hard flaccid (HF), is a rare acquired dysautonomic condition characterized by a flaccid penis that remains in a firm, semi-rigid state in the absence of sexual arousal. Patients often describe their flaccid penis as firm to the touch, rubbery, shrunken, and retracted, frequently accompanied by pain, discomfort, and various other symptoms. While the condition is not fully understood, current research indicates that HFS results from excessive sympathetic nervous system activity in the smooth muscle tissue of the penis, triggered by a pathological activation of a proposed pelvic/ pudendal- hypogastric reflex. Among other causes, injuries to the erect penis, blunt trauma to the pelvis or perineum, and damage to the cauda equina are thought to induce this reflex. Although unproven, it is possible that axon sprouting in sympathetic ganglia following a peripheral nerve injury is the true explanation for HFS. The majority of patients are in their ...
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