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Figura Etymologica
Figura etymologica is a rhetorical figure in which words with the same etymological derivation are used in the same passage. To count as a figura etymologica, it is necessary that the two words be genuinely different words and not just different inflections of the same word. For example, the sentence ''Once I loved, but I love no more'' is not a figura etymologica since although ''love'' and ''loved'' are obviously etymologically related, they are really just inflections of the same word. That makes this sentence a polyptoton. Examples in modern English are the phrases " might and main" (both of which are derived from the Proto-Indo-European root '' megʰ-'') and " chai tea", in which both come from words for tea (''cha'' and ''te'') in different Chinese dialects. The figura etymologica has both a narrower and a broader definition. In the narrower definition, it is restricted to the use of the accusative with cognate verbs (for example, ''live a good life'', ''sing a long song'', ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rhetoric
Rhetoric is the art of persuasion. It is one of the three ancient arts of discourse ( trivium) along with grammar and logic/ dialectic. As an academic discipline within the humanities, rhetoric aims to study the techniques that speakers or writers use to inform, persuade, and motivate their audiences. Rhetoric also provides heuristics for understanding, discovering, and developing arguments for particular situations. Aristotle defined rhetoric as "the faculty of observing in any given case the available means of persuasion", and since mastery of the art was necessary for victory in a case at law, for passage of proposals in the assembly, or for fame as a speaker in civic ceremonies, he called it "a combination of the science of logic and of the ethical branch of politics". Aristotle also identified three persuasive audience appeals: logos, pathos, and ethos. The five canons of rhetoric, or phases of developing a persuasive speech, were first codified in classical Rome: i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cognate Object
In linguistics, a cognate object (also known as a cognate accusative or an internal accusative) is a verb's object which is etymologically related to the verb. More specifically, the verb is one that is ordinarily intransitive (lacking any object), and the cognate object is simply the verb's noun form. For example, in the sentence ''He slept a troubled sleep'', ''sleep'' is the cognate object of the verb ''slept''. This construction also has a passive form. The passive is ''A troubled sleep was slept by him.'' Cognate objects exist in many languages, including various unrelated ones; for example, they exist in Arabic, Chichewa, German, Ancient Greek, Hebrew, Icelandic, Korean, Latin Russian and Japanese Examples In English, the construction can occur with a number of intransitive verbs, which then become transitive: *''He slept a troubled sleep.'' (He slept, and his sleep was troubled.) *''He laughed a bitter laugh.'' (He laughed bitterly.) *''He dreamed a strange dream.'' (He ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pleonasm
Pleonasm (; , ) is redundancy in linguistic expression, such as "black darkness", "burning fire", "the man he said", or "vibrating with motion". It is a manifestation of tautology by traditional rhetorical criteria. Pleonasm may also be used for emphasis, or because the phrase has become established in a certain form. Tautology and pleonasm are not consistently differentiated in literature. Usage Most often, ''pleonasm'' is understood to mean a word or phrase which is useless, clichéd, or repetitive, but a pleonasm can also be simply an unremarkable use of idiom. It can aid in achieving a specific linguistic effect, be it social, poetic or literary. Pleonasm sometimes serves the same function as rhetorical repetition—it can be used to reinforce an idea, contention or question, rendering writing clearer and easier to understand. Pleonasm can serve as a redundancy check; if a word is unknown, misunderstood, misheard, or if the medium of communication is poor—a static-fille ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Merism
Merism (, ) is a rhetorical device (or figure of speech) in which a combination of two ''contrasting parts'' of the whole refer to the whole. For example, in order to say that someone "searched everywhere", one could use the merism "searched high and low". Another example is the sword-and-sandal movie genre, a loose term for a genre of movies made principally in Italy in the 1950s and 1960s set in classical antiquity. Merisms are common in the Old Testament. For example, in Genesis 1:1, when God creates את השמים ואת הארץ (Modern pronunciation: ''et hashamaim ve-et haarets'') "the heavens and the earth" (New Revised Standard Version), the two parts (heavens and earth) do not refer only to the heavens and the earth. Rather, they refer to the heavens, the earth ''and everything between them'': God created the ''entire world'', the ''whole universe''. Other famous examples of Biblical merisms are Genesis 1:5 in which "evening" and "morning" refer to "one day" (includin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Legal Doublet
A legal doublet is a standardized phrase used frequently in English legal language consisting of two or more words that are irreversible binomials and frequently synonyms, usually connected by ''and'', such as ''cease and desist''. The order of the words cannot be reversed, as it would be seen as particularly unusual to ask someone to ''desist and cease'' or to have property owned ''clear and free'' rather than the standard '' free and clear'' term. The doubling—and sometimes even tripling—often originates in the transition from use of one language for legal purposes to another. Situations include in Britain, where a native English term is joined to a Latin or Law French term, and in Romance-speaking countries, where a Latin term is joined to the vernacular. To ensure understanding, the terms from both languages were retained and used together. This reflected the interactions between Germanic and Roman law following the decline of the Roman Empire. These phrases are often ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hendiadys
Hendiadys () is a figure of speech used for emphasis—"The substitution of a conjunction for a subordination". The basic idea is to use two words linked by the conjunction "and" instead of the one modifying the other. Hendiadys in English is also known as two for one and figure of twins. Although the underlying phrase is ', the only other forms occasionally found in English are hendiaduo and hendiaduous, the latter of which the 17th-century English Biblical commentator Matthew Poole used in his commentary on , , and . Use and effect The typical result of a hendiadys is to transform a noun-plus-adjective into two nouns joined by a conjunction. For example, sound and fury (from act V, scene 5 of ''Macbeth'') seems to offer a more striking image than "furious sound". In this example, as typically, the subordinate idea originally present in the adjective is transformed into a noun in and of itself. Another example is '' Dieu et mon droit'', present in the coat of arms of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cognate Object
In linguistics, a cognate object (also known as a cognate accusative or an internal accusative) is a verb's object which is etymologically related to the verb. More specifically, the verb is one that is ordinarily intransitive (lacking any object), and the cognate object is simply the verb's noun form. For example, in the sentence ''He slept a troubled sleep'', ''sleep'' is the cognate object of the verb ''slept''. This construction also has a passive form. The passive is ''A troubled sleep was slept by him.'' Cognate objects exist in many languages, including various unrelated ones; for example, they exist in Arabic, Chichewa, German, Ancient Greek, Hebrew, Icelandic, Korean, Latin Russian and Japanese Examples In English, the construction can occur with a number of intransitive verbs, which then become transitive: *''He slept a troubled sleep.'' (He slept, and his sleep was troubled.) *''He laughed a bitter laugh.'' (He laughed bitterly.) *''He dreamed a strange dream.'' (He ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antanaclasis
In rhetoric, antanaclasis (; from the , ''antanáklasis'', meaning "reflection", from ἀντί ''anti'', "against", ἀνά ''ana'', "up" and κλάσις ''klásis'' "breaking") is the literary trope in which a single word or phrase is repeated, but in two different senses. Antanaclasis is a common type of pun, and like other kinds of pun, it is often found in slogans.Corbett and Connors, 1999. p.62-63 Examples *I'm not a ''businessman'', I'm a ''business, man'' — Lyrics by Jay-Z from " Diamonds From Sierra Leone" by Kanye West. *Your argument is ''sound'', nothing but ''sound''. — Benjamin Franklin. The word ''sound'' in the first instance means "solid" or "reasonable". The second instance of ''sound'' means "noise".My English Pages. Retrieved 09 June, 2018. https://www.myenglishpages.com/site_php_files/writing-antanaclasis.phpCorbett and Connors, 1999. p.63 *Although we're ''apart'', you're still ''a part'' of me. — Lyrics from "Blueberry Hill" by Fats Domino. *I used ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chinese Dialects
There are hundreds of local Chinese language varieties forming a branch of the Sino-Tibetan language family, many of which are not mutually intelligible. Variation is particularly strong in the more mountainous southeast part of mainland China. The varieties are typically classified into several groups: Mandarin, Wu, Min, Xiang, Gan, Jin, Hakka and Yue, though some varieties remain unclassified. These groups are neither clades nor individual languages defined by mutual intelligibility, but reflect common phonological developments from Middle Chinese. Chinese varieties have the greatest differences in their phonology, and to a lesser extent in vocabulary and syntax. Southern varieties tend to have fewer initial consonants than northern and central varieties, but more often preserve the Middle Chinese final consonants. All have phonemic tones, with northern varieties tending to have fewer distinctions than southern ones. Many have tone sandhi, with the most complex pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Figure Of Speech
A figure of speech or rhetorical figure is a word or phrase that intentionally deviates from straightforward language use or Denotation, literal meaning to produce a rhetorical or intensified effect (emotionally, aesthetically, intellectually, etc.). In the distinction between literal and figurative language, figures of speech constitute the latter. Figures of speech are traditionally classified into ''scheme (linguistics), schemes'', which vary the ordinary sequence of words, and ''trope (literature), tropes'', where words carry a meaning other than what they ordinarily signify. An example of a scheme is a polysyndeton: the repetition of a conjunction before every element in a list, whereas the conjunction typically would appear only before the last element, as in "Lions and tigers and bears, oh my!"—emphasizing the danger and number of animals more than the Prose, prosaic wording with only the second "and". An example of a trope is the metaphor, describing one thing as someth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chai Tea
Masala chai (; ) is a popular beverage originating from South Asia. It is made by brewing black tea (usually crush, tear, curl) in milk and water, and then by sweetening with sugar. Adding aromatic herbs and spices creates masala chai. The term ''chai'' originated from the Chinese word for tea, via the Hindi ''chai'' (). In English, this spiced tea is commonly referred to as ''chai tea'', or simply ''chai.'' Originating in India, the beverage has gained worldwide popularity, becoming a feature in many coffee and teahouses, with many using the term chai latte or chai tea latte for their version to indicate that it is made with steamed milk, much like that used to make a latte but mixed with a spiced tea concentrate instead of espresso. History Tea was introduced to India by the British as a popular beverage. Tea plants have grown wild in the Assam region since antiquity, but historically, Indians viewed tea as a herbal medicine rather than as a recreational beverage. In th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
