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Expansion Valve (steam Engine)
An expansion valve is a device in steam engine valve gear that improves engine efficiency. It operates by closing off the supply of steam early, before the piston has travelled through its full stroke. This cut-off allows the steam to then expand within the cylinder. This expanding steam is still sufficient to drive the piston, even though its pressure decreases as it expands. As less steam is supplied in the shorter time for which the valve is open, use of the expansion valve reduces the steam consumed and thus the fuel required. The engine (on 1875 figures) may deliver two-thirds of the work, for only one-third of the steam. An expansion valve is a secondary valve within a steam engine. They represent an intermediate step between steam engines with non-expansive working and later valve gears that could provide for expansion by controlling the motion of a single valve. Expansion valves were used for stationary engines and marine engines. They were not used for locomotives, altho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cross Compound Engine, Plan Section (Heat Engines, 1913)
A cross is a geometrical figure consisting of two intersecting lines or bars, usually perpendicular to each other. The lines usually run vertically and horizontally. A cross of oblique lines, in the shape of the Latin letter X, is termed a saltire in heraldic terminology. The cross has been widely recognized as a symbol of Christianity from an early period.''Christianity: an introduction'' by Alister E. McGrath 2006 pages 321-323 However, the use of the cross as a religious symbol predates Christianity; in the ancient times it was a pagan religious symbol throughout Europe and western Asia. The effigy of a man hanging on a cross was set up in the fields to protect the crops. It often appeared in conjunction with the female-genital circle or oval, to signify the sacred marriage, as in Egyptian amule ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cam Valve Gear
Calmodulin (CaM) (an abbreviation for calcium-modulated protein) is a multifunctional intermediate calcium-binding messenger protein expressed in all eukaryotic cells. It is an intracellular target of the secondary messenger Ca2+, and the binding of Ca2+ is required for the activation of calmodulin. Once bound to Ca2+, calmodulin acts as part of a calcium signal transduction pathway by modifying its interactions with various target proteins such as kinases or phosphatases. Structure Calmodulin is a small, highly conserved protein that is 148 amino acids long (16.7 kDa). The protein has two approximately symmetrical globular domains (the N- and C- domains) each containing a pair of EF hand motifs separated by a flexible linker region for a total of four Ca2+ binding sites, two in each globular domain. In the Ca2+-free state, the helices that form the four EF-hands are collapsed in a compact orientation, and the central linker is disordered; in the Ca2+-saturated state, t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mill Engine
Mill may refer to: Science and technology * * Mill (grinding) * Milling (machining) * Millwork * Textile mill * Steel mill, a factory for the manufacture of steel * List of types of mill * Mill, the arithmetic unit of the Analytical Engine early computer People * Andy Mill (born 1953), American skier * Frank Mill (born 1958), German footballer * Harriet Taylor Mill (1807–1858), British philosopher and women's rights advocate * Henry Mill (c. 1683–1771), English inventor who patented the first typewriter * James Mill (1773–1836), Scottish historian, economist and philosopher * John Mill (theologian) (c. 1645–1707), English theologian and author of ''Novum Testamentum Graecum'' * John Stuart Mill (1806–1873), British philosopher and political economist, son of James Mill * Meek Mill, Robert Rihmeek Williams (born 1987), American rapper and songwriter Places * Mill en Sint Hubert, a Dutch municipality * Mill, Netherlands, a Dutch village * Mill, Missouri, a commun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Compound Steam Engine
A compound steam engine unit is a type of steam engine where steam is expanded in two or more stages. A typical arrangement for a compound engine is that the steam is first expanded in a high-pressure ''(HP)'' cylinder, then having given up heat and losing pressure, it exhausts directly into one or more larger-volume low-pressure ''(LP)'' cylinders. Multiple-expansion engines employ additional cylinders, of progressively lower pressure, to extract further energy from the steam. Invented in 1781, this technique was first employed on a Cornish beam engine in 1804. Around 1850, compound engines were first introduced into Lancashire textile mills. Compound systems There are many compound systems and configurations, but there are two basic types, according to how HP and LP piston strokes are phased and hence whether the HP exhaust is able to pass directly from HP to LP ( Woolf compounds) or whether pressure fluctuation necessitates an intermediate "buffer" space in the form of a st ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coleham Pumping Station
Coleham Pumping Station is a historical pumping station at Coleham in Shrewsbury, England. History The sewage pumping station was built at the end of the 19th century as part of a major upgrading of Shrewsbury's sewerage system. Two massive steam-driven beam engines were built by Renshaw's of Stoke-on-Trent during 1897–1898; and a brick building, resembling a Victorian chapel in style, was constructed in 1900 to house them. The pumping station was opened by the mayoress of Shrewsbury in 1901. The steam-powered pumps were used until 1970, when new electric pumps were brought into use. The ownership of the pumping station, including the building, engines and grounds, was transferred to Shrewsbury and Atcham Borough Council in 1974. It is now a museum run by Shropshire Museums (department of Shropshire Council). Preservation The Shrewsbury Steam Trust was founded in 1992 with the aim of restoring the steam engines and the two coal-fired Cornish boilers that provided the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Snibston Discovery Museum
Snibston is an area and former civil parish east of Ravenstone, now in the parish of Ravenstone with Snibstone, in the North West Leicestershire district, in the county of Leicestershire, England. Originally rural, part of Snibston was transformed into a coal mining village by the opening of coal mines by the Snibston Colliery Company in the early 1830s. This industrial part of Snibston was subsequently subsumed into the developing town of Coalville, though small rural areas of Snibston survive within the civil parishes of Ravenstone with Snibston and Hugglescote and Donington le Heath. In the part of Snibston within the latter civil parish stands the 13th-century church of St Mary, noted as the smallest church still in use for regular worship in England. The main Snibston Colliery was sunk in 1831, and after its closure the Snibston Country Park with the Snibston Discovery Museum (now closed) was built on part of the colliery site. Part of the park is Snibston Grange Local Natu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lap And Lead
In a steam engine, cutoff is the point in the piston stroke at which the inlet valve is closed. On a steam locomotive, the cutoff is controlled by the reversing gear. The point at which the inlet valve closes and stops the entry of steam into the cylinder from the boiler plays a crucial role in the control of a steam engine. Once the valve has closed, steam trapped in the cylinder expands adiabatically. The steam pressure drops as it expands. A late cutoff delivers full steam pressure to move the piston through its entire stroke, for maximum start-up forces. But, since there will still be unexploited pressure in the cylinder at the end of the stroke, this is achieved at the expense of engine efficiency. In this situation the steam will still have considerable pressure remaining when it is exhausted resulting in the characteristic “chuff chuff” sound of a steam engine. An early cutoff has greater thermodynamic efficiency but results in a lower Mean effective pressure so less ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Slide Valve
The slide valve is a rectilinear valve used to control the admission of steam into and emission of exhaust from the cylinder of a steam engine. Use In the 19th century, most steam locomotives used slide valves to control the flow of steam into and out of the cylinders. In the 20th century, slide valves were gradually superseded by piston valves, particularly in engines using superheated steam. There were two reasons for this: * With piston valves, the steam passages can be made shorter. This reduces resistance to the flow of steam and improves efficiency. * It is difficult to lubricate slide valves adequately in the presence of superheated steam. Murdoch's D slide valve The D slide valve, or more specifically Long D slide valve, is a form of slide valve, invented by William Murdoch and patented in 1799. It is named after the hollow central D-sectioned piston. This valve worked by "connecting the upper and lower valves so as to be worked by one rod or spindle, and in ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean-Jacques Meyer
Jean-Jacques Meyer (1805–1877) was a French engineer, noted for his work with steam engines and steam locomotives. Innovations Background He was trained at the engineering school Arts et Métiers ParisTech. Expansion valve His first major invention was the Meyer expansion valve, used to improve efficiency in stationary steam engines. The first locomotives to use this invention were a pair of 2-2-2 locomotives Mayer built for the in 1842. Named ''L'Espérance'' (Hope) and ''Le Succès'' (Success), they continued in service for S-B's successor, the Chemins de fer de l'Est until 1859. Articulated locomotive He was the originator of the articulated locomotives which bear his name. Meyer registered his first patent describing the system in 1861. The Meyer locomotive comprised: * a rigid single frame supporting cabin, and boiler; * two revolving units like bogies made up each one of a steam engine involving a group of driving wheels and possibly comprising carrying wheels. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Expansion Valve, Gimson Beam Engine, Snibston
Expansion may refer to: Arts, entertainment and media * ''L'Expansion'', a French monthly business magazine * ''Expansion'' (album), by American jazz pianist Dave Burrell, released in 2004 * ''Expansions'' (McCoy Tyner album), 1970 * ''Expansions'' (Lonnie Liston Smith album), 1975 * ''Expansión'' (Mexico), a Mexican news portal linked to CNN * Expansion (sculpture) (2004) Bronze sculpture illuminated from within * ''Expansión'' (Spanish newspaper), a Spanish economic daily newspaper published in Spain * Expansion pack in gaming, extra content for games, often simply "expansion" Science, technology, and mathematics * Expansion (geometry), stretching of geometric objects with flat sides * Expansion (model theory), in mathematical logic, a mutual converse of a reduct * Expansion card, in computing, a printed circuit board that can be inserted into an expansion slot * Expansion chamber, on a two-stroke engine, a tuned exhaust system that enhances power output * Expansion joi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
McIntosh & Seymour
McIntosh & Seymour was an American manufacturer of steam and internal combustion engines during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The company was founded in 1886, and was based in Auburn, New York. It developed and sold a wide variety of steam engines through the end of the 1800s, and by 1910 had begun to build diesel engines to a design from the Swedish company Aktiebolaget Atlas. It primarily produced large engines for stationary generator and marine applications. In the 1920s, McIntosh & Seymour was an early builder of diesel engines for use in railroad locomotives, providing an engine to the American Locomotive Company (Alco) for an experimental locomotive. In 1929, Alco purchased McIntosh & Seymour, and operated it as a subsidiary for some time before the name vanished. Under Alco ownership, McIntosh & Seymour designed and built Alco's first production diesel engine, the 531. The company's archives are held by the Smithsonian Institution The Smithsonian Instituti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eccentric (mechanism)
In mechanical engineering, an eccentric is a circular disk (''eccentric sheave'') solidly fixed to a rotating axle with its centre offset from that of the axle (hence the word " eccentric", out of the center). It is used most often in steam engines, and used to convert rotary motion into linear reciprocating motion to drive a sliding valve or pump ram. To do so, an eccentric usually has a groove at its circumference closely fitted a circular collar (''eccentric strap''). An attached ''eccentric rod'' is suspended in such a way that its other end can impart the required reciprocating motion. A return crank fulfills the same function except that it can only work at the end of an axle or on the outside of a wheel whereas an eccentric can also be fitted to the body of the axle between the wheels. Unlike a cam, which also converts rotary into linear motion at almost any rate of acceleration and deceleration, an eccentric or return crank can only impart an approximation of simple harm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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