|
Environmental Law In New Zealand
Environmental law in New Zealand is an increasingly well defined body of national law that has a specialist court, The Environment Court of New Zealand (Māori language, Māori: Te Kooti Taiao o Aotearoa), to decide related issues. History The roots of New Zealand environmental law can be traced to the common law of Australia. The increasing environmental awareness of the 1960s led to a specific body of environmental law that developed in many Western world, Western countries including New Zealand. Environmental law became more integrated in the 1980s with the passing of the Environment Act 1986 and the Conservation Act 1987. These Acts set up the Ministry for the Environment (New Zealand), Ministry for the Environment, Parliamentary Commissioner for the Environment and the Department of Conservation (New Zealand), Department of Conservation. The most significant Act of Parliament concerning environmental law was the passing of Resource Management Act 1991. Issues under the Act are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Environmental Law
Environmental laws are laws that protect the environment. The term "environmental law" encompasses treaties, statutes, regulations, conventions, and policies designed to protect the natural environment and manage the impact of human activities on ecosystems and natural resources, such as forests, minerals, or fisheries. It addresses issues such as pollution control, resource conservation, biodiversity protection, climate change mitigation, and sustainable development. As part of both national and international legal frameworks, environmental law seeks to balance environmental preservation with economic and social needs, often through regulatory mechanisms, enforcement measures, and incentives for compliance. The field emerged prominently in the mid-20th century as industrialization and environmental degradation spurred global awareness, culminating in landmark agreements like the 1972 Stockholm Conference and the 1992 Rio Declaration. Key principles include the precaut ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scenery Preservation Act 1903
The Scenery Preservation Act was an Act of Parliament passed in 1903 in New Zealand. The Act provided up to £25,000 a year for compulsory purchase of land of scenic or historic interest, under the Public Works Act 1894. It was introduced by Joseph Ward, Minister of Tourism and Publicity in the Liberal government, following campaigning by Leonard Cockayne and Harry Ell. The Act was amended in 1906, 1908, 1910 and 1926 and replaced by the Reserves and Domains Act 1953. Background At the second reading of the Scenery Preservation Bill on 22 October 1903, Premier Richard Seddon described the benefits of the proposed Act: it would stop the destruction of beauty spots caused by deforestation and development, safeguard threatened flora and fauna and preserve important historic sites including Māori sites. Seddon noted that foreign visitors often valued New Zealand's scenery more than New Zealanders did. The proposed Act would also promote the fledgling tourism industry. Some reser ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New Zealand Nuclear Free Zone, Disarmament, And Arms Control Act 1987
In 1987, the Fourth Labour Government passed the New Zealand Nuclear Free Zone, Disarmament and Arms Control Act. The Act essentially declared New Zealand as a nuclear free zone. The purpose of the Act was ambitious and wide-ranging: “to establish in New Zealand a Nuclear Free Zone, to promote and encourage an active and effective contribution by New Zealand to the essential process of disarmament and international arms control”. Summary of the Act The Act established the legal framework for New Zealand's anti-nuclear policy. The Act sets out the New Zealand Nuclear Free Zone consisting of all New Zealand territory (including ocean territory and airspace) and bans nuclear powered ships from entering into New Zealand waters. It also prohibits the acquisition, stationing and testing of nuclear explosive devices. Immunity from the law was granted to ships and aircraft exercising the right of innocent passage and/or the right of transit passage, as well as ships and aircraft i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Timeline Of The New Zealand Environment
This is a timeline of environmental history of New Zealand. It includes notable events affecting the natural environment of New Zealand as a result of human activity. Pre 1700s 14th century- *Arrival of Māori who brought with them the kiore rat. 16th century *Final extinction of all eleven species of moa. 1642 * Tasman is first European to reach New Zealand. 1760s 1769 * New Zealand mapped by James Cook, and the Norway rat believed to have arrived in New Zealand aboard his ship, the Endeavour. Feral pigs – called " Captain Cookers" in New Zealand – possibly arrived with Cook in the course of visits to New Zealand (1773-1774) during his second voyage (1772-1775). 1790s *European sealers and whalers arrive. 1800s *Gorse introduced as hedging plant. *Rabbits introduced. *Sheep and cattle introduced. 1830s 1837 * Australian brush-tailed possum introduced. 1840s 1840 *Treaty of Waitangi 1860s *Ship rat spreads throughout North Island. 1860 *Australian magpie intro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hazardous Substances And New Organisms Act
The Hazardous Substances and New Organisms Act (HSNO) is an Act of Parliament passed in New Zealand New Zealand () is an island country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. It consists of two main landmasses—the North Island () and the South Island ()—and List of islands of New Zealand, over 600 smaller islands. It is the List of isla ... in 1996. The New Zealand Environmental Protection Authority (EPA) administers the Act. External links Text of the Act at the Ministry of Environment Environmental Protection Authority (EPA New Zealand) Statutes of New Zealand Environmental law in New Zealand 1996 in New Zealand law 1996 in the environment Hazardous materials {{statute-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Conservation Act
The Conservation Act 1987 is New Zealand's principal act concerning the conservation of indigenous biodiversity. The Act established the Department of Conservation (who administer the Act) and Fish and Game, and complements the National Parks Act 1980 and the Reserves Act 1977. The Conservation Act and the management strategies (CMS) and plans (CMPs) that are created under it have the overriding principle of "protection". This is contrasted with the overriding principle of New Zealand's most important planning statute, the Resource Management Act 1991 (RMA), which is "sustainable management" (s5, Resource Management Act 1991). Whilst there is often overlap between the RMA and the Conservation Act, the principle of protection has primacy over that of sustainable management. The Conservation Act also sets up a hierarchy of consideration of activities occurring on public conservation land under s6(e): :"to the extent that the use of any natural or historic resource for recre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clean Air Act 1972
The Clean Air Act 1972 was an Act of Parliament passed in New Zealand in 1972. It aimed to regulate industrial pollution by establishing a licensing system for permissible emission levels. This legislation also enhanced the monitoring of air quality in major urban centers and allowed for the creation of clean air zones by local authorities, as was done in Christchurch. The Act represented an early effort to reduce pollution from both residential and industrial sources. It was repealed by the Resource Management Act 1991 The Resource Management Act (RMA) passed in 1991 in New Zealand is a significant, and at times, controversial Act of Parliament. The RMA promotes the sustainable management of natural and physical resources such as land, air and water. New Zea .... See also * Pollution in New Zealand References External linksText of the Act Statutes of New Zealand Environmental law in New Zealand Air pollution in New Zealand Repealed New Zealand legislation 1972 in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New Zealand Commission For The Environment
__NOTOC__ The Parliamentary Commissioner for the Environment (''Te Kaitiaki Taiao a Te Whare Pāremata'' in Māori) is an independent Officer of the New Zealand Parliament appointed by the Governor-General on the recommendation of the House of Representatives for a five-year term under the Environment Act 1986. The Parliamentary Commissioner for the Environment replaced the Commission for the Environment, a Government agency which was formed in 1972. Role The Commissioner is one of three officers of Parliament (the Ombudsmen and the controller and auditor general) who are independent of the executive and who may review activities of the executive government and report directly to Parliament. The Commissioner's role is to review and provide advice on environmental issues and the system of agencies and processes established by the Government to manage the environment. The primary objective of the office is to contribute to maintaining and improving the quality of the environment ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Minister Of The Environment
An environment minister (sometimes minister of the environment or secretary of the environment) is a cabinet position charged with protecting the natural environment and promoting wildlife conservation. The areas associated with the duties of an ''environmental minister'' depends largely of the needs of an individual countries or states. Some powers pertaining to environment protection might be also found within transport ministers, energy ministers, etc. The world's first minister of the environment was the British politician Peter Walker from the Conservative Party. He was appointed in 1970. Country-related articles Africa *: Ministry of Environment and Tourism (Botswana) *: Minister of Environment, Forest and Climate Change *: Minister of Water and Environmental Affairs *: Minister of Green Economy & Environment Americas *: Ministry of the Environment and Sustainable Development *: Minister of Environment and Water *: Minister of the Environment and Climate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Environmental Council
Environment most often refers to: __NOTOC__ * Natural environment, referring respectively to all living and non-living things occurring naturally and the physical and biological factors along with their chemical interactions that affect an organism or a group of organisms Other physical and cultural environments *Ecology, the branch of ethology that deals with the relations of organisms to one another and to their physical surroundings *Environment (systems), the surroundings of a physical system that may interact with the system by exchanging mass, energy, or other properties. *Built environment, constructed surroundings that provide the settings for human activity, ranging from the large-scale civic surroundings to the personal places *Social environment, the culture that an individual lives in, and the people and institutions with whom they interact *Market environment, business term Arts, entertainment and publishing * ''Environment'' (magazine), a peer-reviewed, popular e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New Zealand Cabinet
The Cabinet of New Zealand ()Translated as: "The Rūnanga (literally 'Council') of the Government of New Zealand" is the New Zealand Government's body of senior ministers, accountable to the New Zealand Parliament. Cabinet meetings, chaired by the prime minister, occur once a week; in them, vital issues are discussed and government policy is formulated. Cabinet is also composed of a number of committees focused on specific areas of governance and policy. Though not established by any statute, Cabinet wields significant power within the New Zealand political system, with nearly all government bills it introduces in Parliament being enacted. The New Zealand Cabinet follows the traditions of the British cabinet system. Members of Cabinet are collectively responsible to Parliament for its actions and policies. Cabinet discussions are confidential and are not disclosed to the public apart from the announcement of decisions. All ministers in Cabinet also serve as members of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nature Conservation Council Act 1962
Nature is an inherent character or constitution, particularly of the ecosphere or the universe as a whole. In this general sense nature refers to the laws, elements and phenomena of the physical world, including life. Although humans are part of nature, human activity or humans as a whole are often described as at times at odds, or outright separate and even superior to nature. During the advent of modern scientific method in the last several centuries, nature became the passive reality, organized and moved by divine laws. With the Industrial Revolution, nature increasingly became seen as the part of reality deprived from intentional intervention: it was hence considered as sacred by some traditions (Rousseau, American transcendentalism) or a mere decorum for divine providence or human history (Hegel, Marx). However, a vitalist vision of nature, closer to the pre-Socratic one, got reborn at the same time, especially after Charles Darwin. Within the various uses of the word t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
