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Cyaphide
Cyaphide, P≡C−, is the phosphorus analogue of cyanide. It is not known as a discrete salt, however ''In silico'' measurements reveal that the −1 charge in this ion is located mainly on carbon (0.65), as opposed to phosphorus. Preparation Organometallic complexes of cyaphide were first reported in 1992. More recent preparations use two other routes: From SiR3-functionalised phosphaalkynes Treatment of the η1-coordinated phosphaalkyne complex ''trans''– with an alkoxide resulted in desilylation, followed by subsequent rearrangement to the corresponding carbon-bound cyaphide complex. Cyaphide-alkynyl complexes are prepared similarly. From 2-phosphaethynolate anion (−OC≡P) An actinide cyaphide complex can be prepared by C−O bond cleavage of the phosphaethynolate anion, the phosphorus analogue of cyanate Cyanate is an anion with the structural formula , usually written . It also refers to any salt containing it, such as ammonium cyanate. It is an isomer of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Methylidynephosphane
Methylidynephosphane (phosphaethyne) is a chemical compound which was the first phosphaalkyne compound discovered, containing the unusual C≡P carbon-phosphorus triple bond. Description Methylidynephosphane is the phosphorus analogue of hydrogen cyanide, with the nitrile nitrogen replaced by phosphorus. Methylidynephosphane can be synthesised via the reaction of phosphine with carbon, but it is extremely reactive and polymerises readily at temperatures above −120 °C. However, several types of derivatives, with bulky groups, such as ''tert''-butyl or trimethylsilyl, substituted for the hydrogen atom, are much more stable, and are useful reagents for the synthesis of various organophosphorus compounds. The PCO− and PCS− anion An ion () is an atom or molecule with a net electrical charge. The charge of an electron is considered to be negative by convention and this charge is equal and opposite to the charge of a proton, which is considered to be positive by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cyanide
Cyanide is a naturally occurring, rapidly acting, toxic chemical that can exist in many different forms. In chemistry, a cyanide () is a chemical compound that contains a functional group. This group, known as the cyano group, consists of a carbon atom triple-bonded to a nitrogen atom. In inorganic cyanides, the cyanide group is present as the anion . Soluble salts such as sodium cyanide (NaCN) and potassium cyanide (KCN) are highly toxic. Hydrocyanic acid, also known as hydrogen cyanide, or HCN, is a highly volatile liquid that is produced on a large scale industrially. It is obtained by acidification of cyanide salts. Organic cyanides are usually called nitriles. In nitriles, the group is linked by a covalent bond to carbon. For example, in acetonitrile (), the cyanide group is bonded to methyl (). Although nitriles generally do not release cyanide ions, the cyanohydrins do and are thus rather toxic. Bonding The cyanide ion is isoelectronic with carbon m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
In Silico
In biology and other experimental sciences, an ''in silico'' experiment is one performed on computer or via computer simulation. The phrase is pseudo-Latin for 'in silicon' (correct la, in silicio), referring to silicon in computer chips. It was coined in 1987 as an allusion to the Latin phrases , , and , which are commonly used in biology (especially systems biology). The latter phrases refer, respectively, to experiments done in living organisms, outside living organisms, and where they are found in nature. History The earliest known use of the phrase was by Christopher Langton to describe artificial life, in the announcement of a workshop on that subject at the Center for Nonlinear Studies at the Los Alamos National Laboratory in 1987. The expression ''in silico'' was first used to characterize biological experiments carried out entirely in a computer in 1989, in the workshop "Cellular Automata: Theory and Applications" in Los Alamos, New Mexico, by Pedro Miramontes, a ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phosphaethynolate
The phosphaethynolate anion, also referred to as PCO, is the phosphorus-containing analogue of the cyanate anion with the chemical formula or . The anion has a linear geometry and is commonly isolated as a salt. When used as a ligand, the phosphaethynolate anion is ambidentate in nature meaning it forms complexes by coordinating via either the phosphorus or oxygen atoms. This versatile character of the anion has allowed it to be incorporated into many transition metal and actinide complexes but now the focus of the research around phosphaethynolate has turned to utilising the anion as a synthetic building block to organophosphanes. Synthesis The first reported synthesis and characterisation of phosphaethynolate came from Becker et al. in 1992. They were able to isolate the anion as a lithium salt (in 87% yield) by reacting lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)phosphide with dimethyl carbonate . The x-ray crystallographic analysis of the anion determined the bond length to be (indicative ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cyanate
Cyanate is an anion with the structural formula , usually written . It also refers to any salt containing it, such as ammonium cyanate. It is an isomer of the much less stable fulminate anion .William R. Martin and David W. Ball (2019): "Small organic fulminates as high energy materials. Fulminates of acetylene, ethylene, and allene". ''Journal of Energetic Materials'', volume 31, issue 7, pages 70-79. A cyanate ester is an organic compound containing the cyanate group. The cyanate ion is an ambidentate ligand, forming complexes with a metal ion in which either the nitrogen or oxygen atom may be the electron-pair donor. It can also act as a bridging ligand. Cyanate ion The three atoms in a cyanate ion lie on a straight line, giving the ion a linear structure. The electronic structure is described most simply as : :Ö̤−C≡N: with a single C−O bond and a triple C≡N bond. The infrared spectrum of a cyanate salt has a band at ca. 2096 cm−1; such a high f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Organometallics
''Organometallics'' is a biweekly journal published by the American Chemical Society. Its area of focus is organometallic and organometalloid chemistry. This peer-reviewed journal has an impact factor of 3.837 as reported by the 2021 Journal Citation Reports by Thomson Reuters. Since 2015 Paul Chirik is the editor-in-chief of ''Organometallics''. He is an American chemist and the Edwards S. Sanford Professor of Chemistry at Princeton University, and associate director for external partnerships of the Andlinger Center for Energy and the Environment. He writes about the catalysis of hydrocarbons. Past editors-in-chief are Dietmar Seyferth and John Gladysz. Retrieved on 2014-07-30. This journal is indexed in |
Cryptand
In chemistry, cryptands are a family of synthetic, bicyclic and polycyclic, multidentate ligands for a variety of cations. The Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1987 was given to Donald J. Cram, Jean-Marie Lehn, and Charles J. Pedersen for their efforts in discovering and determining uses of cryptands and crown ethers, thus launching the now flourishing field of supramolecular chemistry. The term ''cryptand'' implies that this ligand binds substrates in a crypt, interring the guest as in a burial. These molecules are three-dimensional analogues of crown ethers but are more selective and strong as complexes for the guest ions. The resulting complexes are lipophilic. Structure The most common and most important cryptand is ; the systematic IUPAC name for this compound is 1,10-diaza-4,7,13,16,21,24-hexaoxabicyclo .8.8exacosane. This compound is termed .2.2ryptand, where the numbers indicate the number of ether oxygen atoms (and hence binding sites) in each of the three bridges ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phosphaalkyne
In chemistry, a phosphaalkyne (IUPAC name: alkylidynephosphane) is an organophosphorus compound containing a triple bond between phosphorus and carbon with the general formula R-C≡P. Phosphaalkynes are the heavier congeners of nitriles, though, due to the similar electronegativities of phosphorus and carbon, possess reactivity patterns reminiscent of alkynes. Due to their high reactivity, phosphaalkynes are not found naturally on earth, but the simplest phosphaalkyne, phosphaethyne (H-C≡P) has been observed in the interstellar medium. Synthesis From phosphine gas The first of preparation of a phosphaalkyne was achieved in 1961 when Thurman Gier produced phosphaethyne by passing phosphine gas at low pressure over an electric arc produced between two carbon electrodes. Condensation of the gaseous products in a –196 °C (–321 °F) trap revealed that the reaction had produced acetylene, ethylene, phosphaethyne, which was identified by infrared spectroscopy. By eliminati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
