|
Confarreatio
In ancient Rome, was a traditional patrician form of marriage. The ceremony involved the bride and bridegroom sharing a cake of emmer, in Latin ''far'' or ''panis farreus'', hence the rite's name. ''Far'' is often translated as "spelt", which is inaccurate as the grain used was ''Triticum dicoccum'' (emmer), not ''Triticum spelta''. The Flamen Dialis and pontifex maximus presided over the wedding, and ten witnesses had to be present. The woman passed directly from the hand ''(manus)'' of her father or head of household (the ''pater familias'') to that of her new husband. Having parents who were married by was a prerequisite for becoming a Vestal or the Flamen Dialis. seems to have been limited to those whose parents were also married by , but later, perhaps with the rise of plebeian ''nobiles'', this requirement must have been relaxed. Scipio Africanus presumably married his wife Aemilia Tertia by , because their elder son was Flamen Dialis; yet Scipio's mother Pomponia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Manus Marriage
Manus ( ; ) was an Ancient Roman type of Marriage in ancient Rome, marriage,Jane F. Gardner, ''Women in Roman Law and Society'', First Midland Book Edition, 1991, 11 of which there were two forms: ''cum manu'' and ''sine manu''. In a ''cum manu'' marriage, the wife was placed under the legal control of the husband. In a ''sine manu'' marriage, the wife remained under the legal control of her father.Marcia L. Colish, ''The Stoic Tradition from Antiquity to the Early Middle Ages'', Brill Academic Publishers, 1990, 2 Edition, 383 In both ''cum manu'' and ''sine manu'' marriages, if both the husband and wife were ''Status in Roman legal system, alieni iuris'' (persons under ''patria potestas''; that is, under the power of their respective ''pater familias, patres familias''), the marriage could only take place with the approval of both ''patres familias''. Procedures for initiating and terminating marriage varied with the type of union. Initially, ''cum manu'' was the sole form of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Roman Marriage
Marriage in ancient Rome () was a fundamental institution of society and was used by Romans primarily as a tool for interfamilial alliances. The institution of Roman marriage was a practice of marital monogamy: Roman citizens could have only one spouse at a time in marriage but were allowed to divorce and remarry. This form of prescriptively monogamous marriage that co-existed with male resource polygyny in Greco-Roman civilization may have arisen from the relative egalitarianism of democratic and republican city-states. Early Christianity embraced this ideal of monogamous marriage by adding its own teaching of sexual monogamy, and propagating it worldwide to become an essential element in many later Western cultures. Roman marriage had precedents in myth. The abduction of the Sabine Women may reflect the archaic custom of bride abduction. Rome's Sabine neighbours rejected overtures of intermarriage (''conubium'') by Romulus and his band of male immigrants. According to Li ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Marriage In Ancient Rome
Marriage in ancient Rome () was a fundamental institution of society and was used by Romans primarily as a tool for marriage alliance, interfamilial alliances. The institution of Roman marriage was a practice of monogamy, marital monogamy: Roman citizens could have only one spouse at a time in marriage but were allowed to divorce and remarry. This form of prescriptively monogamous marriage that co-existed with male Polygyny, resource polygyny in Greco-Roman civilization may have arisen from the relative egalitarianism of Greek democracy, democratic and Roman Republic, republican city-states. Early Christianity embraced this ideal of monogamous marriage by adding its own teaching of monogamy, sexual monogamy, and propagating it worldwide to become an essential element in many later Western cultures. Roman marriage had Roman mythology, precedents in myth. The The Rape of the Sabine Women, abduction of the Sabine Women may reflect the archaic custom of bride abduction. Rome's Sabine n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Flamen Dialis
In ancient Roman religion, the was the high priest of Jupiter. The term ''Dialis'' is related to ''Diespiter'', an Old Latin form of the name ''Jupiter''. There were 15 '' flamines'', of whom three were ''flamines maiores'', serving the three gods of the Archaic Triad. According to tradition the ''flamines'' were forbidden to touch metal, ride a horse, or see a corpse. The ''Flamen Dialis'' was officially ranked second in the ranking of the highest Roman priests (''ordo sacerdotum''), behind only the '' rex sacrorum'' and before other '' flamines maiores'' ('' Flamen Martialis'', '' Flamen Quirinalis'') and '' pontifex maximus''. The office of Flamen Dialis, and the offices of the other ''flamines maiores'', were traditionally said to have been created by Numa Pompilius, second king of Rome, although Numa himself performed many of the rites of the Flamen Dialis. Appointment and privileges The Flamen Dialis enjoyed many peculiar honours. When a vacancy occurred, three pers ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Flamen
A (plural ''flamines'') was a priest of the ancient Roman religion who was assigned to one of fifteen deities with official cults during the Roman Republic. The most important of these were the three (or "major priests"), who served the important Roman gods Jupiter, Mars, and Quirinus. The remaining twelve were the ("lesser priests"). Two of the served deities whose names are now unknown; among the others are deities about whom little is known other than the name. During the Imperial era, the cult of a deified emperor () also had a flamen. The fifteen Republican flamens were members of the Pontifical College, who administered state-sponsored religion. When the office of flamen was vacant, a could serve as a temporary replacement, although only the is known to have substituted for the , one of the . Etymology The etymology of remains obscure, and perhaps undecidable. Andrew Sihler ''New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin,'' Oxford University Press 1995 p.198:’ Tha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Diffarreatio
In Ancient Rome, ''diffarreatio'' (from Lat ''dif-'' + ''farreum'', a spelt-cake) was a form of divorce in which a cake was used. ''Diffarreatio'' was properly the dissolving of marriages contracted by ''confarreatio'', which were those of the pontifices. Festus Festus may refer to: People Ancient world *Porcius Festus, Roman governor of Judea from approximately 58 to 62 AD *Sextus Pompeius Festus (later 2nd century), Roman grammarian *Festus (died 305), martyr along with Proculus of Pozzuoli *Festus (h ... says it was performed with a wheaten cake and that it was called ''diffarreatio'' from ''far'', "wheat". Vigenère claims that ''confarreatio'' and ''diffarreatio'' are the same thing. References {{Reflist Ancient Roman religion Divorce Marriage in ancient Rome ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Weddings In Ancient Rome
The precise customs and traditions of weddings in ancient Rome likely varied heavily across geography, Social class in ancient Rome, social strata, and time period; Religion in ancient Rome, Christian authors writing in late antiquity report different customs from earlier authors writing during the Classical antiquity, Classical period, with some authors condemning practices described by earlier writers. Furthermore, sources may be heavily biased towards depicting weddings of wealthier Roman or portraying a highly idealized image of the Roman wedding, one that may not accurately reflect how the ritual was performed in ordinary life by the majority of Romans. In some circumstances, Latin literature, Roman literary depictions of weddings appear to select the practices included within their portrayal based upon artistic conceit rather than the veracity of those accounts; writers may have intentionally imitated the works of earlier, more famous authors such as Statius or Catullus. For i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Flamen Martialis
In ancient Roman religion, the Flamen Martialis was the high priest of the official state cult of Mars, the god of war. He was one of the '' flamines maiores'', the three high priests who were the most important of the fifteen flamens. The Flamen Martialis would have led public rites on the days sacred to Mars. Among his duties was the ritual brandishing of the sacred spears of Mars when the Roman army was preparing for war. Like other ''flamines maiores'', the high priest of Mars was a patrician and required to marry through the ceremony of ''confarreatio''. His wife functioned as an assistant priestess with the title Flaminicia Martialis. It is not clear whether the death of his wife required him to resign his duties, as was the case for the Flamen Dialis. Role At the Larentalia in April, the Flamen Martialis poured libations in honour of Acca Laurentia, wife of Faustulus, the foster-father of the Rome's twin founders, Romulus and Remus. It is assumed by modern scholars, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Ancient Rome
In modern historiography, ancient Rome is the Roman people, Roman civilisation from the founding of Rome, founding of the Italian city of Rome in the 8th century BC to the Fall of the Western Roman Empire, collapse of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD. It encompasses the Roman Kingdom (753–509 BC), the Roman Republic (50927 BC), and the Roman Empire (27 BC476 AD) until the fall of the western empire. Ancient Rome began as an Italic peoples, Italic settlement, traditionally dated to 753 BC, beside the River Tiber in the Italian peninsula. The settlement grew into the city and polity of Rome, and came to control its neighbours through a combination of treaties and military strength. It eventually controlled the Italian Peninsula, assimilating the Greece, Greek culture of southern Italy (Magna Graecia) and the Etruscans, Etruscan culture, and then became the dominant power in the Mediterranean region and parts of Europe. At its hei ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Pomponia
Pomponia is the female name for the Pomponia gens of Ancient Rome. This family was one of the oldest families in Rome. Various women bearing this name lived during the Middle and Late Roman Republic and the Roman Empire. The oldest known Pomponia was mother of a famous Roman general; the second and third were related to each other. The relationship between these women, if any, is not known. They descended from Pomponius, the first son of Numa Pompilius, the second King of Rome. Pomponia, mother of Scipio Africanus Pomponia (fl. 212 BC) was a Roman woman who lived in the 3rd century BC. She came from a Roman noble family who were of plebeian status, and were prominent knights or equestrians. She was the daughter of the consul Manius Pomponius Matho, consul in 233 BC (who appears to have died in 211 BC), and was married possibly around 237 BC to Publius Cornelius Scipio, second surviving son of the Roman censor Lucius Cornelius Scipio of a prominent patrician family. Her husband ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Types Of Marriage
The type, functions, and characteristics of marriage vary from culture to culture, and can change over time. In general there are two types: civil marriage and religious marriage, and typically marriages employ a combination of both (religious marriages must often be licensed and recognized by the state, and conversely civil marriages, while not sanctioned under religious law, are nevertheless respected). Marriages between people of differing religions are called interfaith marriages, while marital conversion, a more controversial concept than interfaith marriage, refers to the religious conversion of one partner to the other's religion for sake of satisfying a religious requirement. Americas and Europe In the Americas and Europe, in the 21st century, legally recognized marriages are formally presumed to be monogamous (although some pockets of society accept polygamy socially, if not legally, and some couples choose to enter into open marriages). In these countries, divorce i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Roman Law
Roman law is the law, legal system of ancient Rome, including the legal developments spanning over a thousand years of jurisprudence, from the Twelve Tables (), to the (AD 529) ordered by Eastern Roman emperor Justinian I. Roman law also denoted the legal system applied in most of Western Europe until the end of the 18th century. In Germany, Roman law practice remained in place longer under the Holy Roman Empire (963–1806). Roman law thus served as a basis for Civil law (legal system), legal practice throughout Western continental Europe, as well as in most former colonies of these European nations, including Latin America, and also in Ethiopia. English and Anglo-American common law were influenced also by Roman law, notably in their Latinate legal glossary. Eastern Europe was also influenced by the jurisprudence of the , especially in countries such as medieval Romania, which created a new legal system comprising a mixture of Roman and local law. After the dissolution of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
