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Claymation
Claymation, sometimes called clay animation or plasticine animation, is one of many forms of stop-motion animation. Each animated piece, either character or background, is "deformable"—made of a malleable substance, usually plasticine clay. Traditional animation, from cel animation to stop motion, is produced by recording each frame, or still picture, on film or digital media and then playing the recorded frames back in rapid succession before the viewer. These and other moving images, from zoetrope to films and video games, create the illusion of motion by playing back at over ten to twelve frame rate, frames per second. Technique Each object or character is sculpted from clay or other such similarly pliable material as plasticine, usually around a wire skeleton, called an armature, and then arranged on the set, where it is photographed once before being slightly moved by hand to prepare it for the next shot, and so on until the animator has achieved the desired amount ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Will Vinton
William Gale Vinton (November 17, 1947 – October 4, 2018) was an American animator and filmmaker. Vinton was best known for his Claymation work, alongside creating iconic characters such as The California Raisins. He won an Academy Awards, Oscar for his work alongside several Emmy Awards and Clio Awards for his studio's work. Life and education Vinton was born on November 17, 1947, to a car dealer father and a bookkeeper mother in McMinnville, Oregon. His paternal grandfather, William T. Vinton, was a well known state senator in Oregon, representing Portland. During the 1960s, Vinton studied physics, architecture and filmmaking at the University of California, Berkeley, where he was influenced by the work of Antoni Gaudí. During this time, Vinton made a feature-length documentary film about the California counter-culture movement titled ''Gone for a Better Deal'', which toured college campuses in various film festivals of the time. Two more films about student protest follo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Stop-motion Animation
Stop-motion (also known as stop frame animation) is an animated filmmaking and special effects technique in which objects are physically manipulated in small increments between individually photographed frames so that they will appear to exhibit independent motion or change when the series of frames is played back. Any kind of object can thus be animated, but puppets with movable joints (puppet animation) or clay figures (claymation) are most commonly used. Puppets, models or clay figures built around an armature are used in model animation. Stop motion with live actors is often referred to as pixilation. Stop motion of flat materials such as paper, fabrics or photographs is usually called cutout animation. Terminology The term "stop-motion", relating to the animation technique, is often spelled without a hyphen as "stop motion"—either standalone or as a compound modifier. Both orthographic variants, with and without the hyphen, are correct, but the hyphenated one is th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Bob Gardiner (animator)
James Robbins "Bob" Gardiner (March 19, 1951 – April 21, 2005) was an American artist, painter, cartoonist, animator, holographer, musician, storyteller, and comedy writer. He invented the stop-motion 3-D clay animation technique which his collaborator Will Vinton would later market as Claymation, although Bob preferred the term ''Sculptimation'' for his frame-by-frame method of sculpting plasticine clay characters and sets. He and Vinton shared the 1974 Academy Award for Best Animated Short Film for '' Closed Mondays''. The film was preserved by the Academy Film Archive in 2012. Gardiner committed suicide on April 21, 2005, while living at the Everhart Hotel in downtown Grass Valley. Filmography * '' Closed Mondays'' (1974), writer, art direction, and sculptimation * ''Mountain Music'' (1975), art direction and sculptimation (uncredited) Graphic art Accolades Gardiner and Vinton won the Oscar for Best Animated Short in 1975 for '' Closed Mondays'' (1974). References ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Fun In A Bakery Shop
''Fun in a Bakery Shop'' is a 1902 American short film by Edwin S. Porter. Porter used stop-motion animation to depict clay loaves being sculpted into faces.Dobson (2010), p. xxiv The film was released on April 3, 1902, by the Edison Manufacturing Company. The film's plot was only the pretext of showcasing the skills of a fast sculptor.Niver (1985), p. 113 Plot The film is set in a bakery's interior. A man dressed as a baker kneads dough on a table, which is located next to an oven. He notices a rat crawling up a barrel, and throws dough at the rat. When the rat is completely covered in dough, the baker pummels that dough with his hands. The baker's back is turned towards the camera, obscuring the manipulation of the dough. When he finishes, the dough has turned into a sculptured mask. The baker proceeds to create another mask. Two other bakers then arrive, and notice what he is doing. They grab him, and stick his head into a barrel of flour. The film ends.Niver (1985), p. 113 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Eli Noyes
Eliot Fette Noyes, Jr. (October 18, 1942 – March 23, 2024) was an American animator most noted for his stop animation work using clay and sand. His 1964 work, ''Clay or the Origin of Species'', was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Animated Short Film and established claymation as a medium. He designed animated sand pinwheels for the Nickelodeon show '' Pinwheel'' and the sand alphabet for ''Sesame Street''. Noyes partnered with Kit Laybourne and created the show '' Braingames'' as well as the children's television series '' Eureeka's Castle'' and '' Gullah Gullah Island''. He co-founded the studio Alligator Planet with Ralph Guggenheim and directed animation sequences for the documentaries '' Under Our Skin'' and '' The Most Dangerous Man in America''. Noyes was the son of architect Eliot Noyes and graduated from Harvard University in 1964. Early life and education Eliot Fette Noyes, Jr. was born on October 18, 1942, in Amherst, Massachusetts, the son of noted " H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Film
A film, also known as a movie or motion picture, is a work of visual art that simulates experiences and otherwise communicates ideas, stories, perceptions, emotions, or atmosphere through the use of moving images that are generally, since the 1930s, synchronized with sound and (less commonly) other sensory stimulations. Etymology and alternative terms The name "film" originally referred to the thin layer of photochemical emulsion on the celluloid strip that used to be the actual medium for recording and displaying motion pictures. Many other terms exist for an individual motion-picture, including "picture", "picture show", "moving picture", "photoplay", and "flick". The most common term in the United States is "movie", while in Europe, "film" is preferred. Archaic terms include "animated pictures" and "animated photography". "Flick" is, in general a slang term, first recorded in 1926. It originates in the verb flicker, owing to the flickering appearance of early films ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Plasticine
Plasticine is a putty-like modelling material made from calcium salts, petroleum jelly and aliphatic acids. Though originally a brand name for the British version of the product, it is now applied generically in English as a product category to other formulations. Plasticine is used for children's play and as a modelling medium for more formal or permanent structures. Because of its non-drying property, it is a material commonly chosen for stop motion animation, including several Academy Award-winning films by Nick Park. History Franz Kolb, owner of a pharmacy in Munich, Germany, invented an oil-based modelling clay in 1880. At the time, the city was a centre for the arts, and among Kolb's circle of friends were sculptors. They complained about how with the clay they were using for modelling, their sculptures would dry too fast and that, particularly in winter, it was too difficult to work with. In order to commercialize his invention, he presented it to the Faber-Caste ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Strata-cut Animation
Strata-cut animation, also spelled stratcut or straticut, is a form of clay animation, itself one of many forms of stop motion animation. Strata-cut animation is most commonly a form of clay animation in which a long bread-like "loaf" of clay, internally packed tight and loaded with varying imagery, is sliced into thin sheets, with the animation camera taking a frame of the end of the loaf for each cut, eventually revealing the movement of the internal images within. Wax may be used instead of clay for the loaf, but this can be more difficult to use because it is less malleable. Technique Designing the interior contents of a clay block is complex in and of itself. Abstract images and patterns are easier to create than recognizable images or character-driven moving images. Both the pace and forms of the movements of the internal imagery have to be considered when building the block (or loaf). A kind of non-high-tech "underground" quality of the all-moving imagery is usually the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Zoetrope
A zoetrope is a Precursors of film#Modern era, pre-film animation device that produces the illusion of motion, by displaying a sequence of drawings or photographs showing progressive phases of that motion. A zoetrope is a cylindrical variant of the phenakistiscope, phénakisticope, an apparatus suggested after the stroboscopic effect, stroboscopic discs were introduced in 1833. The definitive version of the zoetrope, with replaceable film picture film strips, was introduced as a toy by Milton Bradley Company, Milton Bradley in 1866 and became very successful. Etymology The name ''zoetrope'' was composed from the Greek root words ζωή ''zoe'', "life" and τρόπος ''tropos'', "turning" as a translation of "wheel of life". The term was coined by inventor William E. Lincoln, of Providence, Rhode Island. Technology The zoetrope consists of a cylinder with cuts vertically in the sides. On the inner surface of the cylinder is a band with images from a set of sequenced pictures. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Animation Camera
An animation camera, a type of rostrum camera, is a movie camera specially adapted for frame (film), frame-by-frame shooting of animation. It consists of a camera body with lens and film magazines, and is most often placed on a stand that allows the camera to be raised and lowered above a table often having both top and underneath lighting. The artwork to be photographed is placed on this table. For stop motion photography, the camera can also be mounted on a tripod or other support, pointing in any desired direction. Since most animation is now produced digitally, new animation cameras are not widely manufactured. Image scanners, video cameras and digital SLRs have taken their place. Examples of professional animation cameras (16 and 35 mm) A partial list of manufacturers of animation cameras includes: * Acme Tool and Manufacturing (USA) * Crass GmbH, Crass (Germany) * Neilson-Hordell (UK) * Oxberry (company), Oxberry (USA) * Double M Industries (USA) * A.I.A. Productions (U ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Time-lapse
Time-lapse photography is a technique in which the frequency at which film frames are captured (the frame rate) is much lower than the frequency used to view the sequence. When played at normal speed, time appears to be moving faster and thus ''lapsing''. For example, an image of a scene may be captured at 1 frame per second but then played back at 30 frames per second; the result is an apparent 30 times speed increase. Processes that would normally appear subtle and slow to the human eye, such as the motion of the sun and stars in the sky or the growth of a plant, become very pronounced. Time-lapse is the extreme version of the cinematography technique of undercranking. Stop motion animation is a comparable technique; a subject that does not actually move, such as a puppet, can repeatedly be moved manually by a small distance and photographed. Then, the photographs can be played back as a film at a speed that shows the subject appearing to move. Conversely, film can be pl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |