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Breach At Cucca
The so-called breach at Cucca ( it, rotta della Cucca) traditionally refers to a flood in the Veneto region of Italy that should have happened on October 17, 589 according to the chronicles of Paul the Deacon. The Adige river overflowed after a " deluge of water that is believed not to have happened after the time of Noah"; the flood caused great loss of lives, and destroyed part of the city walls of Verona as well as paths, roads and large part of the country in lower Veneto. The tradition asserts that a breach opened in the banks of the Adige at Cucca, nowadays Veronella, about 35 km SE of Verona. Contemporary historians think that the breach never really happened, and the tradition simply refers to the disasters due to the lack of maintainment of the streams that followed the fall of the Roman Empire. The Lombards did not repair the banks, and the waters of the Adige had been let free to flow through the lower Veneto for centuries, in order to set a swamp on ...
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Stream Bed
A stream bed or streambed is the bottom of a stream or river ( bathymetry) or the physical confine of the normal water flow ( channel). The lateral confines or channel margins are known as the stream banks or river banks, during all but flood stage. Under certain conditions a river can branch from one stream bed to multiple stream beds. A flood occurs when a stream overflows its banks and flows onto its flood plain. As a general rule, the bed is the part of the channel up to the normal water line, and the banks are that part above the normal water line. However, because water flow varies, this differentiation is subject to local interpretation. Usually, the bed is kept clear of terrestrial vegetation, whereas the banks are subjected to water flow only during unusual or perhaps infrequent high water stages and therefore might support vegetation some or much of the time. The nature of any stream bed is always a function of the flow dynamics and the local geologic materi ...
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Tartaro-Canalbianco-Po Di Levante
Tartaro-Canalbianco-Po di Levante (Latin: Tartarus) is a river of north-east Italy. It is the only river whose course runs between the Adige river and the Po river and flows into the Adriatic Sea. The first part of its course, whose length is from resurgences to Torretta, flows in the province of Verona and in the province of Mantua and is known by the name of Tartaro. The second part of its course, whose length is from Torretta to Volta Grimana, flows in the province of Rovigo and is known by the name of Canalbianco or Canal Bianco (meaning ''White Canal'' in both Italian and Venetian). The third and final part of its course, whose length is from Volta Grimana to mouth, flows in the province of Rovigo and is known by the name of Po di Levante (meaning ''Eastern Po''). The river rises from resurgences in the hills to the southeast of the Lago di Garda and its former lower course had roughly followed what is currently the lower course of the Adigetto Canal until the ...
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Cavarzere
Cavarzere (; vec, Cavàrzere) is a '' comune'' (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Venice in the Italian region of Veneto, located about southwest of Venice. Neighbouring municipalities of Cavarzere are: Adria, Agna, Anguillara Veneta, Chioggia, Cona, Loreo, Pettorazza Grimani, San Martino di Venezze. Cavarzere is located on a plain crossed by the Adige and numerous canals. History Cavarzere dates from the pre-Roman age as a military outpost of the nearby town of ''Hatri''a, the future Adria. The etymology of Cavarzere is from the Latin ''Caput Aggeris'' because once was the only village in the area having an embankment system. After the fall of the Western Roman Empire, it became a refuge for people escaping from barbarian invasion. For this viable location (along the River Adige and not far from the Venetian Lagoon) as the last town before the Papal States, Cavarzere was destroyed by many artificial floods and invasions by the Lombards, the Genoese, the F ...
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Badia Polesine
Badia Polesine is a '' comune'' (municipality) in the Province of Rovigo in the Italian region Veneto, located about southwest of Venice and about west of Rovigo. It is part of the upper Polesine, and is bounded by the Adige river, which separates the communal territory from the province of Padua. Badia Polesine borders the following municipalities: Canda, Castagnaro, Castelbaldo, Giacciano con Baruchella, Lendinara, Masi, Piacenza d'Adige, Terrazzo, Trecenta. The main sight is the abbey of Vangadizza. The town has a station on the Verona- Legnago-Rovigo railroad. It can be reached by road through the SS343 Transpolesana national road and the A31 motorway. Twin towns Badia Polesine is twinned with: * Estepa, Spain * Saint-Thibault-des-Vignes Saint-Thibault-des-Vignes () is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne department in the Île-de-France region in north-central France. Population Inhabitants of Saint-Thibault-des-Vignes are known as ''Théobaldiens'' in French ...
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Legnago
Legnago () is a town and '' comune'' in the Province of Verona, Veneto, northern Italy, with population (2012) of 25,439. It is located on the Adige river, about from Verona. Its fertile land produces crops of rice, other cereals, sugar, and tobacco. History Traces of human presence in the area date back to the Bronze Age. Legnago had an important military role since the early Middle Ages. In the 19th century it was one of the Quadrilatero fortresses, the main strongpoint of the Austrian Lombardy-Venetia puppet state during the Italian Wars of Independence. The present fortifications were planned and made in 1815, the older defences having been destroyed by Napoleon I in 1801. Geography Located in the southwestern corner of its province, near the borders with the ones of Rovigo, Padua and Vicenza, Legnago borders with the municipalities of Angiari, Bergantino (RO), Bonavigo, Boschi Sant'Anna, Castelnovo Bariano (RO), Cerea, Minerbe, Terrazzo and Villa Bartolomea. It ...
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Este, Italy
Este () is a town and '' comune'' of the Province of Padua, in the Veneto region of northern Italy. It is situated at the foot of the Euganean Hills. The town is a centre for farming, crafts and industry worthy of note. History Este had given its name to the Este culture, a proto-historic culture existing from the late Italian Bronze Age (10th/9th century BC, proto-venetic phase) to the Roman period (1st century BC) and which was located in the present territory of Veneto. During the Iron Age Este was a major center of the Veneti who left a number of inscriptions on funerary and votive objects. During the late 3rd century BC, Este peacefully fell under the sway of Rome and became a Roman colony under the name of Ateste. When much of Northern Italy was granted Roman citizenship in 49 BC, the citizens of Este were inscribed into the Roman tribe of ''Romilia''. Following the Battle of Actium, Emperor Augustus settled soldiers of the Legio V Alaudae and Legio XI Claud ...
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Montagnana
Montagnana is a town and '' comune'' in the province of Padova, in Veneto (northern Italy). Neighbouring communes are Borgo Veneto, Casale di Scodosia, Urbana, Bevilacqua, Pojana Maggiore Pojana Maggiore is a town and '' comune'' in the province of Vicenza, Veneto, north-eastern Italy. It is the site of the UNESCO World Heritage Site Villa Pojana, designed by the Renaissance architect Andrea Palladio. The town has reputation for ..., Pressana, Minerbe and Roveredo di Guà. , the population of Montagnana is 9120. The town was awarded with the Bandiera arancione and is part of the I Borghi più belli d'Italia association. Main sights * City walls: one of the best preserved examples of medieval walls in Europe. *Castle of San Zeno: built by Ezzelino III da Romano. Another castle is the ''Rocca degli Alberi'', built by the Carraresi family in 1360–62. * Santa Maria Assunta: Gothic Cathedral (1431–1502), with late- Renaissance additions. The interior includes ...
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Hydrography
Hydrography is the branch of applied sciences which deals with the measurement and description of the physical features of oceans, seas, coastal areas, lakes and rivers, as well as with the prediction of their change over time, for the primary purpose of safety of navigation and in support of all other marine activities, including economic development, security and defense, scientific research, and environmental protection. History The origins of hydrography lay in the making of charts to aid navigation, by individual mariners as they navigated into new waters. These were usually the private property, even closely held secrets, of individuals who used them for commercial or military advantage. As transoceanic trade and exploration increased, hydrographic surveys started to be carried out as an exercise in their own right, and the commissioning of surveys was increasingly done by governments and special hydrographic offices. National organizations, particularly navies, r ...
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Climate Changes Of 535-536
The volcanic winter of 536 was the most severe and protracted episode of climatic cooling in the Northern Hemisphere in the last 2,000 years. The volcanic winter was caused by an eruption, with several possible locations proposed in various continents. Most contemporary accounts of the volcanic winter are from authors in Constantinople, the capital of the Eastern Roman Empire, although the impact of the cooler temperatures extended beyond Europe. Modern scholarship has determined that in early AD 536 (or possibly late 535), an eruption ejected massive amounts of sulfate aerosols into the atmosphere, which reduced the solar radiation reaching the Earth's surface and cooled the atmosphere for several years. In March 536, Constantinople began experiencing darkened skies and cooler temperatures. Summer temperatures in 536 fell by as much as 2.5 degrees Celsius (4.5 Fahrenheit degrees) below normal in Europe. The lingering impact of the volcanic winter of 536 was augmented in 539– ...
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Exarchate Of Ravenna
The Exarchate of Ravenna ( la, Exarchatus Ravennatis; el, Εξαρχάτο της Ραβέννας) or of Italy was a lordship of the Eastern Roman Empire (Byzantine Empire) in Italy, from 584 to 751, when the last exarch was put to death by the Lombards. It was one of two exarchates established following the western reconquests under Emperor Justinian to more effectively administer the territories, along with the Exarchate of Africa. Introduction Ravenna became the capital of the Western Roman Empire in 402 under Honorius due to its fine harbour with access to the Adriatic and its ideal defensive location amidst impassable marshes. The city remained the capital of the Empire until 476, when it became the capital of Odoacer, and then of the Ostrogoths under Theodoric the Great. It remained the capital of the Ostrogothic Kingdom but, in 540 during the Gothic War (535–554), Ravenna was occupied by the Byzantine general Belisarius. After this reconquest it became the sea ...
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Swamp
A swamp is a forested wetland.Keddy, P.A. 2010. Wetland Ecology: Principles and Conservation (2nd edition). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. 497 p. Swamps are considered to be transition zones because both land and water play a role in creating this environment. Swamps vary in size and are located all around the world. The water of a swamp may be fresh water, brackish water, or seawater. Freshwater swamps form along large rivers or lakes where they are critically dependent upon rainwater and seasonal flooding to maintain natural water level fluctuations.Hughes, F.M.R. (ed.). 2003. The Flooded Forest: Guidance for policy makers and river managers in Europe on the restoration of floodplain forests. FLOBAR2, Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. 96 p. Saltwater swamps are found along tropical and subtropical coastlines. Some swamps have hammocks, or dry-land protrusions, covered by aquatic vegetation, or vegetation that tolerates periodic inu ...
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