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Battle Of Tursko
The Battle of Tursko (or Tursko Wielkie) took place on 13 February 1241, during the First Mongol invasion of Poland. It ended in the defeat of the Polish forces of the ''ziemia'' of Kraków. In early February 1241, Polish forces under the voivode of Kraków Włodzimierz blocked the road towards Kraków, concentrating in the area of Miechów. Meanwhile, Mongol forces headed towards Kraków via Koprzywnica, Wiślica and Skalbmierz, then withdrew to Tursko Wielkie. Following the order of the voivode, the Poles decided to pursue the Mongols. The Mongol commander Baidar was probably aware of it, using mock retreat to find a better position for the battle. According to Jan Długosz, the first clash ended in a Polish victory and the release of a number of prisoners. The second clash however, resulted in the complete defeat of the Polish knights. One of the reasons for the success of the Mongols' counterattack was that the Polish forces, having captured the Mongol camp, focused on looti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
First Mongol Invasion Of Poland
The Mongol Invasion of Poland from late 1240 to 1241 culminated in the Battle of Legnica, where the Mongols defeated an alliance which included forces from fragmented Poland and their allies, led by Henry II the Pious, the Duke of Silesia. The first invasion's intention was to secure the flank of the main Mongolian army attacking the Kingdom of Hungary. The Mongols neutralized any potential help to King Béla IV being provided by the Poles or any military orders. Background The Mongols invaded Europe with three armies. One of the three armies was tasked with distracting Poland, before joining the main Mongol force invading Hungary. The Mongol general in charge, Subutai, did not want the Polish forces to be able to threaten his flank during the primary invasion of Hungary. Thus, the Mongol goal was to use a small detachment to prevent the Poles from assisting Hungary until the Hungarians were defeated. That army, under Baidar, Kadan and Orda Khan, began scouting operations ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Koprzywnica
Koprzywnica is a town in Sandomierz County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, Poland, with 2,546 inhabitants (2004). Koprzywnica lies on the Koprzywianka river, in Lesser Poland. It is one of the oldest urban centers of the province, located along the ''Tarnobrzeg Route'' of historic Lesser Polish Way of St. James, and on the National Road Nr. 79, which goes from Kraków to Sandomierz. History The settlement of Koprzywnica existed already at the beginning of the 12th century, and at that time was called ''Pokrzywnica''. In 1185, Prince Casimir II the Just brought here the Cistercians, and in the same year, local nobleman Mikołaj Bogoria Skotnicki of Bogorya coat of arms presented Koprzywnica to the monks, together with several villages in the area. By order of the Duke of Sandomierz, Bolesław V the Chaste, Koprzywnica was granted town rights (see Magdeburg Rights), on December 8, 1268. Due to the presence of the Cistercians, Koprzywnica prospered, and from the 14th to the 17th cent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Staszów County
__NOTOC__ Staszów County ( pl, powiat staszowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, south-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Staszów, which lies south-east of the regional capital Kielce. The county also contains the towns of Połaniec, lying south-east of Staszów, and Osiek, east of Staszów. The county covers an area of . As of 2019 its total population is 67,331, out of which the population of Staszów is 14,762, that of Połaniec is 8,098, that of Osiek is 2,007, and the rural population is 42,464. Demography According to the 2011 Poland census, there were 73,125 people residing in Staszów County, of whom 49.5% were male and 50.5% were female (out of which the population in townships amounts to 25,336, of whom 48.8% were male and 51.2% were female; and the populatio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battles Of The Mongol Invasions Of Poland
A battle is an occurrence of combat in warfare between opposing military units of any number or size. A war usually consists of multiple battles. In general, a battle is a military engagement that is well defined in duration, area, and force commitment. An engagement with only limited commitment between the forces and without decisive results is sometimes called a skirmish. The word "battle" can also be used infrequently to refer to an entire operational campaign, although this usage greatly diverges from its conventional or customary meaning. Generally, the word "battle" is used for such campaigns if referring to a protracted combat encounter in which either one or both of the combatants had the same methods, resources, and strategic objectives throughout the encounter. Some prominent examples of this would be the Battle of the Atlantic, Battle of Britain, and Battle of Stalingrad, all in World War II. Wars and military campaigns are guided by military strategy, wherea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1241 In Europe
1 (one, unit, unity) is a number representing a single or the only entity. 1 is also a numerical digit and represents a single unit (measurement), unit of counting or measurement. For example, a line segment of ''unit length'' is a line segment of length 1. In conventions of sign where zero is considered neither positive nor negative, 1 is the first and smallest Positive number, positive integer. It is also sometimes considered the first of the sequence (mathematics), infinite sequence of natural numbers, followed by 2, although by other definitions 1 is the second natural number, following 0. The fundamental mathematical property of 1 is to be a multiplicative identity, meaning that any number multiplied by 1 equals the same number. Most if not all properties of 1 can be deduced from this. In advanced mathematics, a multiplicative identity is often denoted 1, even if it is not a number. 1 is by convention not considered a prime number; this was not universally ac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karol Szajnocha
Karol Szajnocha (1818–1868) was a Polish writer, historian, and independence activist. Self-taught, he would nonetheless become a notable Polish historian of the partitions period. Biography Karol Szajnocha was born as on 20 November 1818 in Komarno, son of Polonized Czech Vaclav Scheinoha Vtelenský of Austrian origin, who signed himself as Scheinoha Wtelensky in Poland and Maria Łozińska. Karol attended schools in Sambor and Lwów; in that period Szajnocha adopted the polonized version of his name (gradually changing his signature from Scheynoha de Wtellensky, to Szejnoha de Wtellensky, to Szajnocha). Piotr Czartoryski-Sziler Karol Szajnocha – wielki polski dziejopis Nasz Dziennik In 1834 while in gymnasium he founded a secret society, "Societ of the Ancient Times" (''Towarzystwo Starożytności''), dedicated to collecting information on the historical monuments of the partitioned Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and inspired by the Philomath Student Movement. The so ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jan Długosz
Jan Długosz (; 1 December 1415 – 19 May 1480), also known in Latin as Johannes Longinus, was a Polish priest, chronicler, diplomat, soldier, and secretary to Bishop Zbigniew Oleśnicki of Kraków. He is considered Poland's first historian.Isayevych, Ya. Jan Długosz (ДЛУГОШ ЯН)'. Encyclopedia of History of Ukraine. 2004 Life Jan Długosz is best known for his (''Annales seu cronici incliti regni Poloniae'') in 12 volumes and originally written in Latin, covering events in southeastern Europe, but also in Western Europe, from 965 to 1480, the year he died. Długosz combined features of Medieval chronicles with elements of humanistic historiography. For writing the history of the Kingdom of Poland, Długosz also used Ruthenian (Russian) chronicles including those that did not survive to our times (among which there could have been used the Kyiv collection of chronicles of the 11th century in the Przemysl's edition around 1100 and the Przemysl episcopal collect ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Skalbmierz
Skalbmierz is a town in south eastern Poland, in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in Kazimierza County. It has 1,326 inhabitants (2004). Skalbmierz has a long and rich history, the town belongs to the province of Lesser Poland. Skalbmierz received town charter in 1342, lost it in 1869, and regained in 1927. History First half of 12th century – Presumably Skalbmierz foundation 1217 – Skalbmierz first mentioned in written sources 1241 – Skalbmierz devastated by Tatars (see Mongol invasion of Poland) 1242 – Konrad I of Masovia called a meeting in Skalbmierz, where he imprisoned representatives of Lesser Poland 1309 – First mention of school in Skalbmierz 1342, 20 February – Skalbmierz gains town charter (see Magdeburg rights) from King Kazimierz Wielki 1400 – Stanisław of Skarbimierz became first vice-chancellor of Cracow Academy (''Akademia Krakowska'') 1427 – Skalbmierz's town charter confirmed by King Władysław Jagiełło 1483, 24 May – Cracow bishop Jan R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wiślica
Wiślica is a town in Busko County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Wiślica. It lies on the Nida River, approximately south of Busko-Zdrój and south of the regional capital Kielce. In 2016 the town had a population of 503. It was the smallest town in Poland in 2018. History Wiślica is an ancient settlement and has played an important role in Polish history. The town was founded more than 1000 years ago, close to the important commercial routes, running from Kraków to Sandomierz. At that time it was probably the capital of the Vistulans, a tribe which inhabited this region of Poland. After coming under temporary rule of Great Moravia and Bohemia, these lands were incorporated into Poland by Duke Mieszko I in 990. The first guarded settlement was probably established at the end of the 9th century, long before Polish statehood. The remains that survive today are of the settlement ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Miechów
Miechów is a town in Poland, in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, about north of Kraków. It is the capital of Miechów County. Population is 11,852 (2004). Miechów lies on the Miechówka river, along European route E77. The area of the town is , and it has a rail station, located on the main railroad which connects Kraków with Warsaw. History In the early years of the Polish state, the area of Miechów belonged to the medieval tribe of the Vistulans. In the late 10th century, the region was taken over by the Polans. The beginning of Miechów dates back to the year 1163, when a Polish Duke of Pomerania Jaksa of the House of Griffins, who owned the village, invited monks of the Order of the Holy Sepulchre. Apart from Miechów, prince Jaksa handed two other villages to the order. The new church with a monastery was blessed by the Bishop of Kraków Gędka in 1170. Miechów took advantage of the presence of the order. The settlement expanded together with the abbey, and in 1290 pri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tursko Wielkie
Tursko Wielkie is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Osiek, within Staszów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately south-west of Osiek, south-east of Staszów, and south-east of the regional capital Kielce. The village has a population of 352. The village is the location of the Battle of Tursko The Battle of Tursko (or Tursko Wielkie) took place on 13 February 1241, during the First Mongol invasion of Poland. It ended in the defeat of the Polish forces of the ''ziemia'' of Kraków. In early February 1241, Polish forces under the voivo ... during the Mongol invasion. Demography According to the 2002 Poland census, there were 346 people residing in Tursko Wielkie village, of whom 52.3% were male and 47.7% were female. In the village, the population was spread out, with 24.8% under the age of 18, 36.2% from 18 to 44, 19.7% from 45 to 64, and 19.3% who were 65 years of age or older. ImageSize = width:350 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Voivode Of Kraków
Voivode (, also spelled ''voievod'', ''voevod'', ''voivoda'', ''vojvoda'' or ''wojewoda'') is a title denoting a military leader or warlord in Central, Southeastern and Eastern Europe since the Early Middle Ages. It primarily referred to the medieval rulers of the Romanian-inhabited states and of governors and military commanders of Hungarian, Balkan or some Slavic-speaking populations. In the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, ''voivode'' was interchangeably used with ''palatine''. In the Tsardom of Russia, a voivode was a military governor. Among the Danube principalities, ''voivode'' was considered a princely title. Etymology The term ''voivode'' comes from two roots. is related to warring, while means 'leading' in Old Slavic, together meaning 'war leader' or 'warlord'. The Latin translation is for the principal commander of a military force, serving as a deputy for the monarch. In early Slavic, ''vojevoda'' meant the , the military leader in battle. The term has also ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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