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At-Tawba
At-Tawbah () is the ninth chapter () of the Quran. It contains 129 verses () and is one of the last Medinan surahs. This Surah is also known as Al-Bara'ah (). It is called At-Tawbah in light of the fact that it articulates tawbah ( repentance) and informs about the conditions of its acceptance. ( verse , ). The name Bara'at (release) is taken from the opening word of the Surah. It is believed by Muslims to have been revealed at the time of the Expedition of Tabuk in Medina in the 9th year of the ''Hijrah''. The Sanaa manuscript preserves some verses, on parchment radiocarbon dated to between 578/44 bh and 669/49 ah. It is the only Surah of the Quran that does not begin with ''Bismillah'', the usual opening formula, ''In the name of God, the All-Merciful, the All-Compassionate''. It deals with almost the same topics as those dealt with in Surat al-Anfal. In contrast to all other surahs, the Islamic prophet Muhammad did not order that this formula should be put at the beg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
At-Tawbah
At-Tawbah () is the List of chapters in the Quran, ninth chapter () of the Quran. It contains 129 verses () and is one of the last Medinan surahs. This Surah is also known as Al-Bara'ah (). It is called At-Tawbah in light of the fact that it articulates tawbah (repentance) and informs about the conditions of its acceptance. (Āyah, verse , ). The name Bara'at (release) is taken from the opening word of the Surah. It is believed by Muslims to have been Waḥy, revealed at the time of the Expedition of Tabuk in Medina in the 9th year of the ''Hijrah''. The Sanaa manuscript preserves some verses, on parchment radiocarbon dated to between 578/44 Before Hijra, bh and 669/49 ah. It is the only Surah of the Quran that At-Tawbah#Omission of Bismillah, does not begin with Basmala, ''Bismillah'', the usual opening formula, ''In the name of God in Islam, God, the All-Merciful, the All-Compassionate''. It deals with almost the same topics as those dealt with in Al-Anfal, Surat al-Anfal. In c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Chapters In The Quran
The Quran is divided into 114 surahs, and 6,236 (excluding "Bismillah") or 6,349 (including Bismillah") ayahs. Chapters are arranged broadly in descending order of length. For a preliminary discussion about the chronological order of chapters, see Surah. Each surah except the ninth ( At-Tawba) is preceded by a formula known as the '' basmalla'' or '' tasmiah'', which reads ' ("In the name of Allah Allah ( ; , ) is an Arabic term for God, specifically the God in Abrahamic religions, God of Abraham. Outside of the Middle East, it is principally associated with God in Islam, Islam (in which it is also considered the proper name), althoug ..., the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful."). In twenty-nine surahs this is followed by a group of letters called "'' muqaṭṭa'āt''" (lit. "abbreviated" or "shortened"), unique combinations of a few letters whose meaning are unknown. Table of surahs * Makkan surah * Medinan surah * Nöldeke Chronology * Bazargan chronology ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Expedition Of Tabuk
The Expedition of Tabuk (; ''Ghazwat Tabūk''), also known as the Campaign of Hardship (''Ghazwat al-ʿUsrah''), was a military campaign that was initiated by the Prophets and messengers in Islam, Islamic prophet Muhammad in October 630 CE (Rajab AH 9), in response to reports of a potential Byzantine Empire, Byzantine invasion of northern Arabia. He led a force of as many as 30,000 north to Tabuk, Saudi Arabia, Tabuk, near the Gulf of Aqaba, in present-day northwestern Saudi Arabia. Although no direct battle occurred, the campaign was significant for asserting Muslim presence in the region and securing strategic alliances. Background After the Muslim victory at the Battle of Hunayn in the Muhammad after the conquest of Mecca, aftermath of the conquest of Mecca, the political landscape of Arabia shifted in favour of the emerging First Islamic state. Reports were received by the Prophet Muhammad that the Byzantine Empire, under Emperor Heraclius, was mobilising troops in the Leva ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muhammad In Islam
In Islam, Muhammad () is venerated as the Seal of the Prophets who transmitted the Quran, eternal word of God () from the Angels in Islam, angel Gabriel () to humans and jinn. Muslims believe that the Quran, the central religious text of Islam, was revealed to Muhammad by God in Islam, God, and that Muhammad was sent to guide people to Islam, which is believed not to be a separate religion, but the tahrif, unaltered Fitra, original faith of mankind (), and believed to have been shared by Prophets and messengers in Islam, previous prophets including Adam in Islam, Adam, Abraham in Islam, Abraham, Moses in Islam, Moses, and Jesus in Islam, Jesus. The religious, social, and political tenets that Muhammad established with the Quran became the foundation of Islam and the Muslim world. According to Muslim tradition, Muhammad was sent to the Arabic community to deliver them from their immorality. Receiving his first Revelation#Islam, revelation at age 40 in a cave called Cave of Hir ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abu Bakr
Abd Allah ibn Abi Quhafa (23 August 634), better known by his ''Kunya (Arabic), kunya'' Abu Bakr, was a senior Sahaba, companion, the closest friend, and father-in-law of Muhammad. He served as the first caliph of the Rashidun Caliphate, ruling from 632 until his death in 634. Abu Bakr was granted the honorific title ''al-Ṣiddīq'' (lit. the Veracious) by Muhammad, a designation that continues to be used by Sunni Muslims to this day. Born to Abu Quhafa and Umm al-Khayr of the Banu Taym, Abu Bakr was amongst the Early Muslims, earliest converts to Islam and propagated dawah to the Mushrikites. He was considered the first Da'i, Muslim missionary as several companions of the Prophet, companions of Muhammad converted through Abu Bakr. He accompanied Muhammad on his Hegira, migration to Medina and became one of his Haras (unit), bodyguards. Abu Bakr participated in all of List of expeditions of Muhammad, Muhammad's campaigns and served as the first in 631. In the absence of Muha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Hunayn
The Battle of Hunayn () was a conflict between the Muslims of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and the tribe of Qays in the aftermath of the conquest of Mecca. The battle took place in 8 AH () in the Hunayn valley on the route from Mecca to Taif. The battle ultimately ended in a decisive victory for the Muslims, and it is one of the few battles mentioned by name in the Qur'an, where it appears in '' Surat at-Tawbah''. Preparations Background The Hawazins had been long-standing enemies of Meccans. They were located north-east of Mecca and their territory sat beside the trade route to Al-Hirah in Iraq. The Hawazins were allied with the Thaqifs, which had settled in Ta'if, a town south-east of Mecca whose trade routes ran through Hawazin territory. The alliance had engaged in several wars probably concerning trade routes between Ta'if and Mecca. Given this history they saw Muhammad as another powerful Quraishi leader who had come to lead his people. They thought among them ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kaaba
The Kaaba (), also spelled Kaba, Kabah or Kabah, sometimes referred to as al-Kaba al-Musharrafa (), is a stone building at the center of Islam's most important mosque and Holiest sites in Islam, holiest site, the Masjid al-Haram in Mecca, Saudi Arabia. It is considered by Muslims to be the ''Baytullah'' () and determines the qibla () for Muslims around the world. In Historiography of early Islam, early Islam, Muslims faced in the general direction of Al-Aqsa Mosque in Jerusalem as the qibla in their prayers before changing the direction to face the Kaaba, believed by Muslims to be a result of a Quranic verse revelation to Muhammad. According to Islam, the Kaaba was rebuilt several times throughout history, most famously by Abraham in Islam, Ibrahim and his son Ishmael in Islam, Ismail, when he returned to the valley of Mecca several years after leaving his wife Hagar in Islam, Hajar and Ismail there upon God in Islam, Allah's command. The current structure was built after th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Surah
A ''surah'' (; ; ) is an Arabic word meaning 'chapter' in the Quran. There are 114 ''suwar'' in the Quran, each divided into ayah, verses (). The ''suwar'' are of unequal length; the shortest ''surah'' (al-Kawthar) has only three verses, while the longest (al-Baqara, al-Baqarah) contains 286 verses.Muhammad Mustafa Al-A'zami (2003), ''The History of The Qur'anic Text: From Revelation to Compilation: A Comparative Study with the Old and New Testaments'', p.70. UK Islamic Academy. . The Qur'an consists of one short introductory chapter (Q1), eight very long chapters, making up one-third of the Qur'an (Al-Baqara, Q2‒At-Tawbah, 9); 19 mid-length chapters, making up another one-third (Q10‒28); and 86 short and very short ones of the last one-third (Q29‒114). Of the 114 ''suwar'' in the Quran, 86 are classified as Meccan surah, Meccan (), as according to Islamic tradition they were revealed before Muhammad's migration to Medina (''hijrah''), while 28 are Medinan surah, Medinan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muhajirun
The ''Muhajirun'' (, singular , ) were the converts to Islam and the Islamic prophet Muhammad's advisors and relatives, who emigrated from Mecca to Medina; the event is known in Islam as the '' Hijra''. The early Muslims from Medina are called the '' Ansar'' ("helpers"). During Muhammad's era About a month after Hamzah's unsuccessful attack in the first caravan raid, Muhammad entrusted a party of sixty ''Muhajirun'' led by Ubaydah to conduct another operation at a Quraysh caravan that was returning from Syria and protected by one hundred men. The leader of this caravan was Abu Sufyan ibn Harb. The Muslim party went as far as Thanyatul-Murra, a watering place in Hejaz. No fighting took place, as the Quraysh were quite far from the place where Muslims were in the offing to attack the caravan. Nevertheless, Sa`d ibn Abi Waqqas shot an arrow at the Quraysh. This is known as the first arrow of Islam. Despite this surprise attack, no fighting took place and the Muslims returned empty- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abbás
Al-Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib () was a paternal uncle and sahabi (companion) of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, just three years older than his nephew. A wealthy merchant, during the early years of Islam he protected Muhammad while he was in Mecca, but only became a convert after the Battle of Badr in 624 CE (2 AH). His descendants founded the Abbasid dynasty in 750. Early years Abbas, born around 565 CE, was one of the younger sons of Abd al-Muttalib. His mother was Nutayla bint Janab of the Namir tribe. After his father's death, he took over the Zamzam Well and the distribution of water to the pilgrims. He became a spice merchant in Mecca, a trade that made him wealthy. Within this role, he managed a caravan network to and from Syria, where he eventually recruited and trained Muhammad as an apprentice for leading the northern leg of the journey. Conversion to Islam During the years when the Muslim religion was gaining adherents (610–622), Abbas provided protect ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tafsir
Tafsir ( ; ) refers to an exegesis, or commentary, of the Quran. An author of a ''tafsir'' is a ' (; plural: ). A Quranic ''tafsir'' attempts to provide elucidation, explanation, interpretation, context or commentary for clear understanding and conviction of God in Islam, God's will in Islam. Principally, a ''tafsir'' deals with the issues of Classical Arabic, linguistics, Islamic jurisprudence, jurisprudence, and Islamic theology, theology. In terms of perspective and approach, ''tafsir'' can be broadly divided into two main categories, namely ''tafsir bi-al-ma'thur'' (lit. received tafsir), which is transmitted from the early days of Islam through the Islamic prophet Muhammad and his Sahaba, companions, and ''tafsir bi-al-ra'y'' (lit. ''tafsir'' by opinion), which is arrived through personal reflection or ijtihad, independent rational thinking. There are different characteristics and traditions for each of the ''tafsirs'' representing respective Islamic schools and branche ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
At-Tawba 29
Verse 29 of chapter 9 of the Qur'an is notable as dealing with the imposition of tribute ( ǧizya) on non-Muslims who have fallen under Muslim rule (the '' ahl al-ḏimma''). Most Muslim commentators believe this verse was revealed at the time of the expedition to Tabuk to threaten the Christians of Arabia in Syria and those of Rome. Asma Afsaruddin, ''Striving in the Path of God: Jihad and Martyrdom in Islamic Thought'', OUP USA (2013):239-240 Text Verse as written in Arabic: English translations of the verse: Sahih International: Fight those who do not believe in Allah or in the Last Day and who do not consider unlawful what Allah and His Messenger have made unlawful and who do not adopt the religion of truth from those who were given the Scripture - ightuntil they give the jizyah willingly while they are humbled. Muhsin Khan: Fight against those who (1) believe not in Allah, (2) nor in the Last Day, (3) nor forbid that which has been forbidden by Allah and His ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
