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Amnesty Of 1953
The Amnesty of 1953 () was the largest amnesty in the history of the Soviet Union (and in the history of Russia) in terms of the number of the released persons. It was declared by the March 27, 1953 ''Decree of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union on the Amnesty''. Since it was signed by Kliment Voroshilov, it was initially known as the Voroshilov's amnesty.Daniel JohnsonAmnesty of 1953: the biggest in Russian history ''Global News'', February 18, 2020 Later it has become known as Beria's amnesty, because it was initiated by March 26, 1953 Lavrenty Beria's draft. Between 1.2 million and 1.35 millionЭли, Марк, Слух о бандитском разгуле в 1953–1954 гг. / М. Эли // Слухи в России XIX-XX веков. Неофициальная коммуникация и "крутые повороты" российской истории : сб. ст. / Юж. – Урал. гос. ун-т, Фак. пра� ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amnesty USSR 1953
Amnesty () is defined as "A pardon extended by the government to a group or class of people, usually for a political offense; the act of a sovereign power officially forgiving certain classes of people who are subject to trial but have not yet been convicted." Though the term general pardon has a similar definition, an amnesty constitutes more than a pardon, in so much as it obliterates all legal remembrance of the offense. Amnesty is increasingly used to express the idea of "freedom" and to refer to when prisoners can go free. Amnesties, which in the United Kingdom may be granted by the crown or by an act of British Parliament, Parliament, were formerly usual on coronations and similar occasions, but are chiefly exercised towards associations of political criminals, and are sometimes granted absolutely, though more frequently there are certain specified exceptions. Thus, in the case of the earliest recorded amnesty, that of Thrasybulus at Athens, the thirty tyrants and a few othe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Banditry
Banditry is a type of organized crime committed by outlaws typically involving the threat or use of violence. A person who engages in banditry is known as a bandit and primarily commits crimes such as extortion, robbery, kidnapping, and murder, either as an individual or in groups. Banditry is a vague concept of criminality and in modern usage can be synonymous with gangsterism, brigandage, marauding, terrorism, piracy, and thievery. Definitions The term ''bandit'' (introduced to English via Italian around 1776) originates with the early Germanic legal practice of outlawing criminals, termed ''*bamnan'' (English ban). The legal term in the Holy Roman Empire was ''Acht'' or '' Reichsacht'', translated as " Imperial ban". In modern Italian, the equivalent word "bandito" literally means banned or a banned person. The New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (NED) defined "bandit" in 1885 as "one who is proscribed or outlawed; hence, a lawless desperate marauder, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1953 In The Soviet Union
The following lists events that happened during 1953 in the Soviet Union, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Incumbents *First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union — Nikita Khrushchev (starting 14 September) *Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union — Nikolay Shvernik (until 19 March), Kliment Voroshilov (starting 19 March) *Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union — Joseph Stalin (until 5 March), Georgy Malenkov (starting 6 March) Events *Doctors' plot March *March 5 — Josef Stalin, Joseph Stalin dies, starting a Joseph Stalin#Death and legacy, power struggle among Soviet leadership. May *May 26 – August 4 — Norilsk uprising July *July 19 – August 1 — Vorkuta uprising August *August 12 — Joe 4, the first Soviet test of a thermonuclear weapon occurs. *August 23 — RDS-4 is first tested. Births *January 3 — Ali Masimli, Acting Prime Minister of Azerbaijan *January 5 — Vassily Solomin, boxer a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Law Of The Soviet Union
The Law of the Soviet Union was the law as it developed in the Soviet Union (USSR) following the October Revolution of 1917. Modified versions of the Soviet legal system operated in many Communist states following the Second World War—including Mongolia, the People's Republic of China, the Warsaw Pact countries of eastern Europe, Cuba and Vietnam. Soviet concept of law Soviet law was rooted in pre-revolutionary Russian law and Marxism-Leninism. Pre-revolutionary influences included Byzantine law, Mongol law, Russian Orthodox Canon law, and Western law. Western law was mostly absent until the judicial reform of Alexander II in 1864, five decades before the revolution. Despite this, the supremacy of law and equality before the law were not well-known concepts, the tsar was still not bound by the law, and the "police had unlimited authority." Marxism-Leninism views law as a superstructure in the base and superstructure model of society. "Capitalist" law was a tool of "bourge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gulag
The Gulag was a system of Labor camp, forced labor camps in the Soviet Union. The word ''Gulag'' originally referred only to the division of the Chronology of Soviet secret police agencies, Soviet secret police that was in charge of running the forced labor camps from the 1930s to the early 1950s during Joseph Stalin's rule, but in English literature the term is popularly used for the system of forced labor throughout the Soviet era. The abbreviation GULAG (ГУЛАГ) stands for "Гла́вное управле́ние исправи́тельно-трудовы́х лагере́й" (Main Directorate of Correctional Labour Camps), but the full official name of the agency #Etymology, changed several times. The Gulag is recognized as a major instrument of political repression in the Soviet Union. The camps housed both ordinary criminals and political prisoners, a large number of whom were convicted by simplified procedures, such as NKVD troikas or other instruments of extra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crime Film
Crime film is a film belonging to the crime fiction genre. Films of this genre generally involve various aspects of crime and fiction. Stylistically, the genre may overlap and combine with many other genres, such as Drama (film and television), drama or gangster film, but also include Comedy film, comedy, and, in turn, is divided into many sub-genres, such as Mystery film, mystery, suspense or Film noir, noir. Screenwriter and scholar Eric R. Williams identified crime film as one of eleven super-genres in his Screenwriters Taxonomy, claiming that all feature-length narrative films can be classified by these super-genres. The other ten super-genres are action, fantasy, horror, romance, science fiction, slice of life, sports, thriller, war and western. Williams identifies drama in a broader category called "film type", mystery and suspense as "macro-genres", and film noir as a "screenwriter's pathway" explaining that these categories are additive rather than exclusionary. ''China ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Cold Summer Of 1953
''The Cold Summer of 1953'' () is a 1988 Soviet crime thriller Film directed by Aleksandr Proshkin. The film is set during the tumultuous period directly after the death of Joseph Stalin in 1953. It was the last film starring the Soviet actor Anatoly Papanov. Plot As a result of Beria's Amnesty of 1953, a large numbers of criminals were released and pardoned. Upon release they quickly began to form gangs, committing robberies, murders, and rapes nationwide: Many places in the USSR were subject to rampant criminality and looting at the hands of now fully-pardoned inmates. The main protagonists are Sergei Basargin (nicknamed "Luzga"), who is a former Military Intelligence Captain, veteran and POW. He is friends with a fellow political exile called Nikolai Pavlovich Starobogatov ("Kopalych"), former Chief Engineer. Both of these men were forced into exile after being falsely accused of crimes against the state by Stalin's regime. At dusk, the village is infiltrated by a gang of si ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Murder
Murder is the unlawful killing of another human without justification (jurisprudence), justification or valid excuse (legal), excuse committed with the necessary Intention (criminal law), intention as defined by the law in a specific jurisdiction (area), jurisdiction. ("The killing of another person without justification or excuse, especially the crime of killing a person with malice aforethought or with recklessness manifesting extreme indifference to the value of human life.") This state of mind may, depending upon the jurisdiction, distinguish murder from other forms of unlawful homicide, such as manslaughter. Manslaughter is killing committed in the absence of Malice (law), ''malice'',This is "malice" in a technical legal sense, not the more usual English sense denoting an emotional state. See malice (law). such as in the case of voluntary manslaughter brought about by reasonable Provocation (legal), provocation, or diminished capacity. Involuntary manslaughter, ''Invol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theft
Theft (, cognate to ) is the act of taking another person's property or services without that person's permission or consent with the intent to deprive the rightful owner of it. The word ''theft'' is also used as a synonym or informal shorthand term for some crimes against property, such as larceny, robbery, embezzlement, extortion, blackmail, or receiving stolen property. In some jurisdictions, ''theft'' is considered to be synonymous with '' larceny'', while in others, ''theft'' is defined more narrowly. A person who engages in theft is known as a thief ( thieves). ''Theft'' is the name of a statutory offence in California, Canada, England and Wales, Hong Kong, Northern Ireland, the Republic of Ireland, and the Australian states of South Australia Theft (and receiving). and Victoria. Theft. Elements The '' actus reus'' of theft is usually defined as an unauthorised taking, keeping, or using of another's property which must be accompanied by a '' mens rea'' of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amnesty
Amnesty () is defined as "A pardon extended by the government to a group or class of people, usually for a political offense; the act of a sovereign power officially forgiving certain classes of people who are subject to trial but have not yet been convicted." Though the term general pardon has a similar definition, an amnesty constitutes more than a pardon, in so much as it obliterates all legal remembrance of the offense. Amnesty is increasingly used to express the idea of "freedom" and to refer to when prisoners can go free. Amnesties, which in the United Kingdom may be granted by the crown or by an act of Parliament, were formerly usual on coronations and similar occasions, but are chiefly exercised towards associations of political criminals, and are sometimes granted absolutely, though more frequently there are certain specified exceptions. Thus, in the case of the earliest recorded amnesty, that of Thrasybulus at Athens, the thirty tyrants and a few others were expressly e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Counter-revolutionary
A counter-revolutionary or an anti-revolutionary is anyone who opposes or resists a revolution, particularly one who acts after a revolution has occurred, in order to try to overturn it or reverse its course, in full or in part. The adjective "counter-revolutionary" pertains to movements that would restore the state of affairs, or the principles, that prevailed during a pre-revolutionary era. Definition A counter-revolution is opposition or resistance to a revolutionary movement. It can refer to attempts to defeat a revolutionary movement before it takes power, as well as attempts to restore the old regime after a successful revolution. Europe France The word "counter-revolutionary" originally referred to thinkers who opposed themselves to the 1789 French Revolution, such as Joseph de Maistre, Louis de Bonald or, later, Charles Maurras, the founder of the '' Action Française'' monarchist movement. More recently, it has been used in France to describe political movements ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
