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Al-Bayhaqi
Abū Bakr Aḥmad ibn Ḥusayn ibn ʿAlī ibn Mūsā al-Khusrawjirdī al-Bayhaqī (, 994–1066), also known as Imām al-Bayhaqī, was a Sunni scholar widely known for being the foremost leading hadith master in his age, leading authority in the Shafi'i school, leading authority on the foundation of doctrine, meticulous, a devoted ascetic and one of the notable defenders of the Ash'ari school. Al-Dhahabi said: "Unequalled in his age, unrivalled amongst his peers, and the Ḥāfiẓ of his time."The Creed of Imam Bayhaqi An Abridged Translation of al-I`tiqad wa'l-Hidayah ila Sabil ar-Rashad. Together with Saeed Fodeh's Synopsis of Bayhaqi's Text page editor's introduction Early life Birth Al-Bayhaqi was born c. 994 CE/384 AH in the small town of Khosrowjerd near Sabzevar, then known as Bayhaq, in Khorasan. Education Al-Bayhaqi spent his early years and childhood in the city of Bayhaq before moving elsewhere to pursue his studies. He journeyed throughout Khorazan, Iran, Ira ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Al-Asma' Wa Al-Sifat
''Al-Asma' wa al-Sifat'' (), is a major classic of Islamic theology authored by Al-Bayhaqi. It was said such a book had never existed like this before and for this reason the author was considered a pioneer in this field. Content Al-Bayhaqi was primarily a student of Hadith rather than a speculative theologian, despite being recognised as an Ash'arite theologian. This made his defence of Ash'arism extremely valuable because he was universally accepted as a prominent authority in Hadith. His 'Book of Names and Attributes' is largely made up of quotations from the Quran, Hadith, and Athar (the statements of the pious predecessors) which provide as evidence for the different names and attributes attributed to God. He demonstrates through textual evidence that the Ash'ari creed is in line with the beliefs of the early Muslims. Despite the book largely being a compilation of narrations. Michel Allard's thorough analysis has demonstrated, his exposition is grounded in a number of rati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Ibn Furak
Muhammad ibn al-Hasan ibn Fūrāk, Abū Bakr al-Asbahānī al-Shāfi`ī, commonly known as Ibn Fūrāk (); c. 941–c. 1015 CE / 330–406 AH). The Imam, a leading authority on kalam and usul, the transmitter of Al-Ash`ari's school, an expert in Arabic language, grammar and poetry, an orator, a jurist, and a hadith master from the Shafi'i Madhhab in 10th century. Life Birth and Education Ibn Furak was born in around 941 CE (330 AH) in Isfahan. He studied the Ash'ari theology under Abu al-Hasan al-Bahili along with Al-Baqillani and Abu Ishaq al-Isfarayini in Basra and Baghdad, and also Prophetic traditions under 'Abd Allah bin Ja'far al-Isbahani. From 'Iraq he went to Rayy, then to Nishapur, where a madrasa was built for him beside the Khanqah of the Sufi al-Bushandji. He was in Nishapur before the death of the Sufi Abu 'Uthman al-Maghribi in 373/983, and the saint would instruct Ibn Furak to lead the burial prayer over him prior to his death. Scholarly career Ibn Furak ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Al-Sunan Al-Wusta
''Al-Sunan al-Wusta'', (), or Marifat al-Sunan wa-al-Athar () is a hadith work compiled by Imam al-Bayhaqi (384 AH – 458 AH). It is multi-volume book which provides a compilation of textual evidences for Shafi'i jurisprudence. Description This book is considered to be one of the most important Shafi’i books, as it collected the hadith evidence of the school of thought, a way out for it from the Sahih and Sunnah, showing its methods, the reason for what was faltered from it, and the reason for Al-Shafi’i inferring it if it was faltered. Al-Bayhaqi also explained the doctrines of the followers and those after them, such as Abu Thawr, Al-Hasan al-Basri and Ahmad Ibn Hanbal, and he arranged it according to the arrangement of Al-Muzani. The old sayings of Al-Shafi’i are sometimes cited, and the book has some comments from the transcription of a hadith, the translation of a scholar, and attribution to a reference. Reception Ibn al-Subki said: "No Shafi'i jurist can do wit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Sunan Al-Bayhaqi
''Sunan al-Kubra lil Bayhaqi'', (), or Al-Sunan al-Kabir () is a prominent and massive multi-volume Hadith book compiled, edited and catalogued by Imam Al-Bayhaqi (384 AH – 458 AH). Description It is the largest Sunan Book available in history of Hadith collection, containing almost twenty two thousand (22,000) Hadiths according to Al-Maktaba Al-Shamela. A book with similar name ( Sunan al-Kubra) is also written by Imam al-Nasa'i having almost twelve thousand (12,000) hadiths. It is one of the major hadith compilations by one of the last great hadith memorisers of the 4th century Hijri, of such importance that nothing of its like has been penned down. It is compiled in order of issue relating to fiqh. The author takes quite an effort in providing narrations in each chapter thereby giving the rulings of such transmissions and how certain scholars have understood it. He also expounds the problematic phrases and or terminologies that might cause misinterpretation as well as those ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Shu'ab Al-Iman
''Shuab ul Iman'', (), is a multi-volume Hadith book compiled by Imam al-Bayhaqi (384 AH – 458 AH). The author provides an exhaustive textual commentary relating to foundations of faith and its branches. Description It is one of the major collection of Hadiths compiled by Imam Behaqi besides his other major work in the field of Hadiths. According to Al-Maktaba Al-Shamela it contains almost eleven thousands (11000) Hadiths (narrations). This book describes branches of faith (Shuab ul Iman) and Imam basically has chosen the name of the book according to a Hadith of Mohammad in which he mentioned that there are more than seventy (70) branches of faith. According to the book, Iman (faith) has three major branches as follows. * 'Iman bil Qalb' (''Testimony by Heart of all the Essentials of Iman''): It refers to the states of one's ‘Qalb’ (Heart) including the ‘Niyyah’ (Intentions), ‘Aqayid’ (Doctrines), and other deeds of the heart. This entirely depends upon a person' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Al-Sulami
Abu 'Abd al-Rahman Muhammad ibn al-Husayn al-Sulami al-Shafi'i (), commonly known as al-Sulami (947-1034), was a Shafi'i muhaddith (Hadith Master), muffassir (Qur'anic commentator), shaykh of the Awliya, Sufi hagiographer, and a prolific writer. Al-Dhahabi said of him: "He was of very high status." Biography Early Al-Sulami was born in the city of Nishapur in the year 947 and came from a modest background and was orphaned in his teens after the passing of his father who was known for his piety and refined manners. His grandfather became his new guardian, who raised him up and took charge of his education. Al-Sulami was only 8 years old when he began to narrate hadiths which were narrated in writings and directly taken from his teacher, Sheikh Abu Bakr al-Subghi. Education An avid student of Hadith, al-Sulami travelled extensively and narrated hadiths from scholars in Nishapur, Merv, Iraq, Hejaz (Mecca and Medina) and he transmitted Hadith to narrators for over 40 years. His wo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Al-Halimi
Abū ʿAbdallāh al-Ḥalīmī al-Qāḍī al-Ḥusayn b. al-Ḥasan b. Muḥammad b. Ḥalīm al-Bukhārī al-Jurjānī al-Shāfiʿī () also known as Al-Halimi (338 AH/949–50 CE - 403 AH/1012–3 CE), was a highly influential Sunni scholar and regarded as the foremost leading jurist, traditionist, and theologian in Transoxiana. He was one of the hadith masters who wrote significant works and was a prominent figure in the Shafi'i school of law and among the early Ash'aris. Biography Al-Halimi was born in the year (338/949–50 AH) to a free woman from Gorgan and his half-brother, Abū l-Faḍl al-Ḥasan, was born the same year to a female Turkic slave. The place where Al-Halimi was born is disputed. It was said that he was born in Gorgan and was raised in Bukhara. Other narration states he was born and raised in Bukhara. He studied hadith under several masters, including Abū Bakr b. Khanb (not Ḥabīb) and others. He studied jurisprudence under Abu Bakr al-Qaffal al-Marwa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Shafi'i
The Shafi'i school or Shafi'i Madhhab () or Shafi'i is one of the four major schools of fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence), belonging to the Ahl al-Hadith tradition within Sunni Islam. It was founded by the Muslim scholar, jurist, and traditionist al-Shafi'i (), "the father of Muslim jurisprudence", in the early 9th century. The other three schools of Sunnī jurisprudence are Ḥanafī, Mālikī and Ḥanbalī. Like the other schools of fiqh, Shafii recognize the First Four Caliphs as the Islamic prophet Muhammad's rightful successors and relies on the Qurʾān and the "sound" books of Ḥadīths as primary sources of law. The Shafi'i school affirms the authority of both divine law-giving (the Qurʾān and the Sunnah) and human speculation regarding the Law. Where passages of Qurʾān and/or the Ḥadīths are ambiguous, the school seeks guidance of Qiyās (analogical reasoning). The Ijmā' (consensus of scholars or of the community) was "accepted but not stressed". The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Al-Hakim Al-Nishapuri
Abu Abd Allah Muhammad ibn Abd Allah al-Hakim al-Nishapuri (; 933 - 1014 CE), also known as Ibn al-Bayyiʿ, was a Persians, Persian Sunni scholar and the leading hadith studies, traditionist of his age, frequently referred to as the "Imam of the Muhaddithin" or the "Muhaddith of Greater Khorasan, Khorasan." He is widely renowned for his expertise in Hadith criticism, and regarded as the Sheikh of Hadith masters at his time. Al-Daraqutni, considered Al-Hakim to be superior in the science of Hadith than Ibn Manda. Biography Al-Hakim from Nishapur took narrations from 2000 thousand scholars of authority from Greater Khorasan, Khorazan, Transoxiana, Iraq, Iran, Persia and other places leading him to have the highest sanad (chains of transmission) in both Iraq and Khorazan. Amongst the leading and renowned hadith masters who Al-Hakim narrated from were his own teachers Ibn Hibban, Al-Khattabi, Al-Daraqutni and Al-Halimi. He had plenty of students who transmitted hadith from him and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Al-Juwayni
Dhia' ul-Dīn 'Abd al-Malik ibn Yūsuf al-Juwaynī al-Shafi'ī (, 17 February 102820 August 1085; 419–478 AH) was a Persian Sunni scholar famous for being the foremost leading jurisconsult, legal theoretician and Islamic theologian of his time. His name is commonly abbreviated as al-Juwayni; he is also commonly referred to as ''Imam al-Haramayn'' meaning "leading master of the two holy cities", that is, Mecca and Medina.M. M. Sharif, A History of Muslim Philosophy, 1.242. He acquired the status of a mujtahid in the field of fiqh and usul al-fiqh. Highly celebrated as one of the most important and influential thinkers in the Shafi'i school of orthodox Sunni jurisprudence, he was considered as the virtual second founder of the Shafi'i school, after its first founder Imam al-Shafi'i. He was also considered a major figurehead within the Ash'ari school of theology where he was ranked equal to the founder, Imam al-Ash'ari. He was given the honorific titles of '' Shaykh of Isla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Abu Ishaq Al-Isfarayini
Abu Ishaq al-Isfarayini () was a renowned Sunni scholar, jurisconsult, legal theoretician, hadith expert, Qur'anic exegete, theologian and a specialist in the Arabic language.Jonathan A.C. Brown (2007), ''The Canonization of al-Bukhārī and Muslim: The Formation and Function of the Sunnī Ḥadīth Canon'', p.188-190. Brill Publishers. . Al-Isfara'ini's scholarship was focused on the sciences of Aqidah, Hadith and Fiqh. He was the foremost leading authority in the Shafi'i school of his time. He was along with Ibn Furak the chief propagator of Sunni Ash'ari theology in Nishapur at the turn of the 5th Islamic century. Biography Birth and Education Abu Ishaq al-Isfarayini was born in Isfarayin, a town snuggled in the gateway to the northern mountains of Khorasan and divided from the main road linking from Bayhaq to Nishapur by a grass valley and a chain of hills. There is little known of his childhood except that he received a comprehensive Islamic education centered on Islam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Ash'ari
Ash'arism (; ) is a school of theology in Sunni Islam named after Abu al-Hasan al-Ash'ari, a Shāfiʿī jurist, reformer (''mujaddid''), and scholastic theologian, in the 9th–10th century. It established an orthodox guideline, based on scriptural authority, rationality, and theological rationalism. It is one of the three main schools alongside Maturidism and Atharism. Al-Ash'aris Knowledge was based both on reliance on the sacred scriptures of Islam and theological rationalism concerning the agency and attributes of God. Ashʿarism eventually became the predominant school of theological thought within Sunnī Islam, and is regarded as the single most important school of Islamic theology in the history of Islam. The disciples of the Ash'ari school are known as Ashʿarites, and the school is also referred to as the Ashʿarite school, which became one of the dominant theological schools within Sunnī Islam. Ash'ari theology is considered one of the orthodox creeds of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
