Virola Venezuelensis
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Virola Venezuelensis
''Virola'' is a genus of medium-sized trees native to the South American rainforest and closely related to other Myristicaceae, such as nutmeg. Species are known commonly as ''epená'', ''patricá'', or ''cumala''. They have glossy, dark green leaves and clusters of tiny yellow flowers, and may emit a pungent odor. Traditional use Several species of this genus have been used to create hallucinogenic snuff powders. Chemical constituents The tops of '' Virola oleifera'' have been shown to produce lignan-7-ols and verrucosin that have antifungal action regarding '' Cladosporium sphaerospermum'' in doses as low as 25 micrograms. Lignan-7-ols oleiferin-B and oleiferin-G worked for ''Cladosporium cladosporioides'' starting as low as 10 micrograms. Species About 76 species, including: *''Virola aequatorialis'' *''Virola albidiflora'' *''Virola araujovii'' *''Virola atopa'' *''Virola bicuhyba'' *''Virola boliviensis'' *''Virola brachycarpa'' *''Virola caducifolia'' *''Virola caloph ...
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Virola Koschnyi
''Virola'' is a genus of medium-sized trees native to the South American rainforest and closely related to other Myristicaceae, such as nutmeg. Species are known commonly as ''epená'', ''patricá'', or ''cumala''. They have glossy, dark green leaves and clusters of tiny yellow flowers, and may emit a pungent odor. Traditional use Several species of this genus have been used to create hallucinogenic snuff powders. Chemical constituents The tops of '' Virola oleifera'' have been shown to produce lignan-7-ols and verrucosin that have antifungal action regarding ''Cladosporium sphaerospermum'' in doses as low as 25 micrograms. Lignan-7-ols oleiferin-B and oleiferin-G worked for ''Cladosporium cladosporioides'' starting as low as 10 micrograms. Species About 76 species, including: *'' Virola aequatorialis'' *'' Virola albidiflora'' *'' Virola araujovii'' *''Virola atopa'' *'' Virola bicuhyba'' *'' Virola boliviensis'' *'' Virola brachycarpa'' *'' Virola caducifolia'' *'' Virola ca ...
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Virola Albidiflora
''Virola'' is a genus of medium-sized trees native to the South American rainforest and closely related to other Myristicaceae, such as nutmeg. Species are known commonly as ''epená'', ''patricá'', or ''cumala''. They have glossy, dark green leaves and clusters of tiny yellow flowers, and may emit a pungent odor. Traditional use Several species of this genus have been used to create hallucinogenic snuff powders. Chemical constituents The tops of '' Virola oleifera'' have been shown to produce lignan-7-ols and verrucosin that have antifungal action regarding ''Cladosporium sphaerospermum'' in doses as low as 25 micrograms. Lignan-7-ols oleiferin-B and oleiferin-G worked for ''Cladosporium cladosporioides'' starting as low as 10 micrograms. Species About 76 species, including: *'' Virola aequatorialis'' *'' Virola albidiflora'' *'' Virola araujovii'' *''Virola atopa'' *'' Virola bicuhyba'' *'' Virola boliviensis'' *'' Virola brachycarpa'' *'' Virola caducifolia'' *'' Virola ca ...
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Virola Decorticans
''Virola'' is a genus of medium-sized trees native to the South American rainforest and closely related to other Myristicaceae, such as nutmeg. Species are known commonly as ''epená'', ''patricá'', or ''cumala''. They have glossy, dark green leaves and clusters of tiny yellow flowers, and may emit a pungent odor. Traditional use Several species of this genus have been used to create hallucinogenic snuff powders. Chemical constituents The tops of '' Virola oleifera'' have been shown to produce lignan-7-ols and verrucosin that have antifungal action regarding ''Cladosporium sphaerospermum'' in doses as low as 25 micrograms. Lignan-7-ols oleiferin-B and oleiferin-G worked for ''Cladosporium cladosporioides'' starting as low as 10 micrograms. Species About 76 species, including: *'' Virola aequatorialis'' *''Virola albidiflora'' *'' Virola araujovii'' *''Virola atopa'' *'' Virola bicuhyba'' *'' Virola boliviensis'' *'' Virola brachycarpa'' *'' Virola caducifolia'' *'' Virola cal ...
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Virola Cuspidata
''Virola cuspidata'' is a species of tree in the family Myristicaceae The Myristicaceae are a family of flowering plants native to Africa, Asia, Pacific islands, and the Americas and has been recognized by most taxonomists. It is sometimes called the "nutmeg family", after its most famous member, '' Myristica fra .... References cuspidata {{Myristicaceae-stub ...
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Virola Crebrinervia
''Virola'' is a genus of medium-sized trees native to the South American rainforest and closely related to other Myristicaceae, such as nutmeg. Species are known commonly as ''epená'', ''patricá'', or ''cumala''. They have glossy, dark green leaves and clusters of tiny yellow flowers, and may emit a pungent odor. Traditional use Several species of this genus have been used to create hallucinogenic snuff powders. Chemical constituents The tops of '' Virola oleifera'' have been shown to produce lignan-7-ols and verrucosin that have antifungal action regarding ''Cladosporium sphaerospermum'' in doses as low as 25 micrograms. Lignan-7-ols oleiferin-B and oleiferin-G worked for ''Cladosporium cladosporioides'' starting as low as 10 micrograms. Species About 76 species, including: *'' Virola aequatorialis'' *''Virola albidiflora'' *'' Virola araujovii'' *''Virola atopa'' *'' Virola bicuhyba'' *'' Virola boliviensis'' *'' Virola brachycarpa'' *'' Virola caducifolia'' *'' Virola cal ...
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Virola Coelhoi
''Virola'' is a genus of medium-sized trees native to the South American rainforest and closely related to other Myristicaceae, such as nutmeg. Species are known commonly as ''epená'', ''patricá'', or ''cumala''. They have glossy, dark green leaves and clusters of tiny yellow flowers, and may emit a pungent odor. Traditional use Several species of this genus have been used to create hallucinogenic snuff powders. Chemical constituents The tops of '' Virola oleifera'' have been shown to produce lignan-7-ols and verrucosin that have antifungal action regarding ''Cladosporium sphaerospermum'' in doses as low as 25 micrograms. Lignan-7-ols oleiferin-B and oleiferin-G worked for ''Cladosporium cladosporioides'' starting as low as 10 micrograms. Species About 76 species, including: *'' Virola aequatorialis'' *''Virola albidiflora'' *'' Virola araujovii'' *''Virola atopa'' *'' Virola bicuhyba'' *'' Virola boliviensis'' *'' Virola brachycarpa'' *'' Virola caducifolia'' *'' Virola cal ...
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Virola Carinata
''Virola carinata'' is a New World, tropical evergreen tree in the family Myristicaceae that is indigenous to Colombia, Venezuela and Brazil ( Amazonas and Rondônia Rondônia () is one of the 26 states of Brazil, located in the northern subdivision of the country (central-western part). To the west is a short border with the state of Acre, to the north is the state of Amazonas, in the east is Mato Grosso ...). It grows to a height of about 30m and its fruit is subglobular, 16–20 mm long and 17–19 mm in diameter, found in groups of 4 to 12. See also * Psychedelic plants References carinata Medicinal plants Plants described in 1897 Flora of Brazil Flora of Colombia Flora of Venezuela {{Myristicaceae-stub ...
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Virola Calophylloidea
''Virola calophylloidea'' is a species of tree in the family Myristicaceae The Myristicaceae are a family of flowering plants native to Africa, Asia, Pacific islands, and the Americas and has been recognized by most taxonomists. It is sometimes called the "nutmeg family", after its most famous member, '' Myristica fra .... References calophylloidea {{Myristicaceae-stub ...
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Virola Calophylla
''Virola calophylla'' is a species of tree in the family Myristicaceae. It is native to Central America and South America, namely Panama, Guyana, Suriname, Brazil, Bolivia, Colombia ( Department of Amazonas, Department of Vaupés), Ecuador ( Napo, Pastaza, Sucumbios) and Peru (Amazonas Region, Loreto Region, Madre de Dios Region, Puno Region, Ucayali Region). The tree grows tall and it is found in low altitude evergreen forests. The fruit is ellipsoid to ovoid and subglobular, long and in diameter in groups of 1 to 32. ''Virola calophylla'' contains dimethyltryptamine and other tryptamines, and in the Orinoco River region, the Witoto and Bora use it as a snuff. See also *List of psychoactive plants This is a list of plant species that, when consumed by humans, are known or suspected to produce psychoactive effects: changes in nervous system function that alter perception, mood, consciousness, cognition or behavior. Many of these plants ... References ca ...
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Virola Caducifolia
''Virola'' is a genus of medium-sized trees native to the South American rainforest and closely related to other Myristicaceae, such as nutmeg. Species are known commonly as ''epená'', ''patricá'', or ''cumala''. They have glossy, dark green leaves and clusters of tiny yellow flowers, and may emit a pungent odor. Traditional use Several species of this genus have been used to create hallucinogenic snuff powders. Chemical constituents The tops of '' Virola oleifera'' have been shown to produce lignan-7-ols and verrucosin that have antifungal action regarding ''Cladosporium sphaerospermum'' in doses as low as 25 micrograms. Lignan-7-ols oleiferin-B and oleiferin-G worked for ''Cladosporium cladosporioides'' starting as low as 10 micrograms. Species About 76 species, including: *'' Virola aequatorialis'' *''Virola albidiflora'' *'' Virola araujovii'' *''Virola atopa'' *'' Virola bicuhyba'' *'' Virola boliviensis'' *'' Virola brachycarpa'' *'' Virola caducifolia'' *''Virola calo ...
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Virola Brachycarpa
''Virola'' is a genus of medium-sized trees native to the South American rainforest and closely related to other Myristicaceae, such as nutmeg. Species are known commonly as ''epená'', ''patricá'', or ''cumala''. They have glossy, dark green leaves and clusters of tiny yellow flowers, and may emit a pungent odor. Traditional use Several species of this genus have been used to create hallucinogenic snuff powders. Chemical constituents The tops of '' Virola oleifera'' have been shown to produce lignan-7-ols and verrucosin that have antifungal action regarding ''Cladosporium sphaerospermum'' in doses as low as 25 micrograms. Lignan-7-ols oleiferin-B and oleiferin-G worked for ''Cladosporium cladosporioides'' starting as low as 10 micrograms. Species About 76 species, including: *'' Virola aequatorialis'' *''Virola albidiflora'' *'' Virola araujovii'' *''Virola atopa'' *'' Virola bicuhyba'' *'' Virola boliviensis'' *'' Virola brachycarpa'' *''Virola caducifolia'' *''Virola calop ...
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Virola Boliviensis
''Virola'' is a genus of medium-sized trees native to the South American rainforest and closely related to other Myristicaceae, such as nutmeg. Species are known commonly as ''epená'', ''patricá'', or ''cumala''. They have glossy, dark green leaves and clusters of tiny yellow flowers, and may emit a pungent odor. Traditional use Several species of this genus have been used to create hallucinogenic snuff powders. Chemical constituents The tops of '' Virola oleifera'' have been shown to produce lignan-7-ols and verrucosin that have antifungal action regarding ''Cladosporium sphaerospermum'' in doses as low as 25 micrograms. Lignan-7-ols oleiferin-B and oleiferin-G worked for ''Cladosporium cladosporioides'' starting as low as 10 micrograms. Species About 76 species, including: *'' Virola aequatorialis'' *'' Virola albidiflora'' *'' Virola araujovii'' *'' Virola atopa'' *'' Virola bicuhyba'' *'' Virola boliviensis'' *'' Virola brachycarpa'' *'' Virola caducifolia'' *'' Virola c ...
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