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Vietnamese Tilde
The Vietnamese tilde, also known by its Latin name of apex, was a curved diacritic used in the 17th century to mark final nasalization in the early Vietnamese alphabet. It was an adoption of the Portuguese tilde, and should not be confused with the tone mark ''ngã'', which is encoded as a tilde in Unicode (and in Vietnamese derivatives of ISO-8859-1 such as VISCII, VPS or Windows-1258), despite actually being an adoption of the Greek perispomeni. ''Apex'' is the name used in contemporary Latin texts. In his 1651 ', Alexandre de Rhodes describes the diacritic: The apex appears atop , , and less commonly . As with other accent marks, a tone mark can appear atop the apex. According to canon law historian Roland Jacques, the apex indicated a final labial-velar nasal , an allophone of that is peculiar to the Hanoi dialect to the present day. The apex apparently fell out of use during the mid-18th century, being unified with (representing ), in a major simplification of the o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nasalization
In phonetics, nasalization (or nasalisation in British English) is the production of a sound while the velum is lowered, so that some air escapes through the nose during the production of the sound by the mouth. An archetypal nasal sound is . In the International Phonetic Alphabet, nasalization is indicated by printing a tilde diacritic above the symbol for the sound to be nasalized: is the nasalized equivalent of , and is the nasalized equivalent of . A subscript diacritic , called an or , is sometimes seen, especially when the vowel bears tone marks that would interfere with the superscript tilde. For example, are more legible in most fonts than . Nasal vowels Many languages have nasal vowels to different degrees, but only a minority of world languages around the world have nasal vowels as contrasting phonemes. That is the case, among others, of French, Portuguese, Hindustani, Nepali, Breton, Gheg Albanian, Hmong, Hokkien, Yoruba, and Cherokee. Those nasal vo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexandre De Rhodes
Alexandre de Rhodes, SJ (; 15 March 1593 – 5 November 1660), also Đắc Lộ was an Avignonese Jesuit missionary and lexicographer who had a lasting impact on Christianity in Vietnam. He wrote the '' Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum'', the first trilingual Vietnamese- Portuguese-Latin dictionary, published in Rome, in 1651.''Wörterbücher: Ein Internationales Handbuch Zur Lexikographie'' by Franz Josef Hausmann, p.258/ref> Biography Alexandre de Rhodes was born in Avignon, Papal States (now in France). According to some sources, he was of Jewish origin. His paternal side was from Aragón, Spain.Đỗ Quang Chính (1999)"Tu sĩ Dòng Tên Alexandre de Rhodes từ trần". He entered the novitiate of the Society of Jesus in Rome on 24 April 1612 to dedicate his life to missionary work. In 1624, he was sent to the East Asia, arriving in the Nguyễn-controlled domain of '' Đàng Trong'' (known to the Europeans as Cochinchina) on a boat with fellow Jesuit Gi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phạm Thế Ngũ
Phạm (范) is the fourth most common Vietnamese family name. It may be rendered as '' Fàn'' in Chinese or ''Beom/Pom/Pem'' (범) in Korean. It is not to be confused with Phan (潘), another Vietnamese surname. Origin Phạm is the Sino-Vietnamese reading of the Chữ Hán: . Phạm arose in historical sources from around the third century CE. It was the title prepositions before names of kings of Lâm Ấp, kings of Funan, the eight chiefs of Jiao, and several tribal figures along the Annamite Mountain between the third to the seventh century CE. American historian Michael Vickery (1998) links the reconstructs the pronunciation of 范 as ''*buam'' and ''*bĭwɐm'' in Early Middle Chinese (c. 650 CE) with Old Khmer title ''poñ'' which was recorded in various 7th-century Cambodian inscriptions. Later, a Phạm family emerged on the coastal side of the Red River basin in the 10th century. Vickery argues that the term was certainly of Mon-Khmer (Austroasiatic) origin, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joshua Marshman
Joshua Marshman (20 April 1768 – 6 December 1837) was a Baptist missionary in Bengal, India from 1799 until his death. He was a member of the Serampore trio with William Carey (missionary), William Carey and William Ward (missionary), William Ward. The trio founded Serampore University, many primary and secondary schools, and translated and published a large number of works, including translations of the Bible. Marshman was "an accomplished scholar, linguist and theologian and was a prolific author and polemicist". His mission involved social reforms and intellectual debates with educated Hindus such as Raja Ram Mohan Roy. Origins Joshua Marshman was born on 20 April 1768 in Britain at Westbury Leigh, Wiltshire, England. His father, John Marshman was a weaver. Of his family little is known, except that they traced their descent from an officer in the Army of Oliver Cromwell, Cromwell, one of a band who, at the Restoration, relinquished, for conscience-sake, all views of worldly ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean-Louis Taberd
Jean-Louis Taberd (1794–1840) was a French missionary of the Paris Foreign Missions Society, and titular bishop of Isauropolis, '' in partibus infidelium''. Career Born in Saint-Étienne, Jean-Louis Taberd was ordained priest in Lyon in 1817. He joined the Paris Foreign Missions Society in 1820, and was appointed to become a missionary in Cochinchina, modern Vietnam. In 1827 he was appointed Vicar Apostolic of Cochinchina, and Bishop of the titular see of Isauropolis in 1830. With the persecutions of the Emperor of Vietnam Minh Mạng, Mgr Taberd was forced to escape the country. Jean-Louis Taberd first went to Penang and then Calcutta, where, with the help of Lord Auckland and the Asiatic Society he was able to publish his own Latin-Vietnamese dictionary in 1838. He improved upon the previous works of Alexandre de Rhodes and Pigneau de Béhaine, whose 1773 Vietnamese-Latin dictionary he had been handed in manuscript form.''Wörterbücher: Ein Internationales Handbuch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pierre Pigneau De Behaine
Pierre is a masculine given name. It is a French form of the name Peter. Pierre originally meant "rock" or "stone" in French (derived from the Greek word πέτρος (''petros'') meaning "stone, rock", via Latin "petra"). It is a translation of Aramaic כיפא (''Kefa),'' the nickname Jesus gave to apostle Simon Bar-Jona, referred in English as Saint Peter. Pierre is also found as a surname. People with the given name * Monsieur Pierre, Pierre Jean Philippe Zurcher-Margolle (c. 1890–1963), French ballroom dancer and dance teacher * Pierre (footballer), Lucas Pierre Santos Oliveira (born 1982), Brazilian footballer * Pierre, Baron of Beauvau (c. 1380–1453) * Pierre, Duke of Penthièvre (1845–1919) * Pierre, marquis de Fayet (died 1737), French naval commander and Governor General of Saint-Domingue * Prince Pierre, Duke of Valentinois (1895–1964), father of Rainier III of Monaco * Pierre Affre (1590–1669), French sculptor * Pierre Agostini, French physicist * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Society Of Jesus
The Society of Jesus (; abbreviation: S.J. or SJ), also known as the Jesuit Order or the Jesuits ( ; ), is a religious order of clerics regular of pontifical right for men in the Catholic Church headquartered in Rome. It was founded in 1540 by Ignatius of Loyola and six companions, with the approval of Pope Paul III. The Society of Jesus is the largest religious order in the Catholic Church and has played significant role in education, charity, humanitarian acts and global policies. The Society of Jesus is engaged in evangelization and apostolic ministry in 112 countries. Jesuits work in education, research, and cultural pursuits. They also conduct retreats, minister in hospitals and parishes, sponsor direct social and humanitarian works, and promote ecumenical dialogue. The Society of Jesus is consecrated under the patronage of Madonna della Strada, a title of the Blessed Virgin Mary, and it is led by a superior general. The headquarters of the society, its general ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Congregation For The Evangelization Of Peoples
The Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples (CEP; ) was a congregation (Roman Curia), congregation of the Roman Curia of the Catholic Church in Rome, responsible for Catholic missions, missionary work and related activities. It is also known by its former title, the Sacred Congregation for the Propagation of the Faith (), or simply the ''Propaganda Fide''. On 5 June 2022, it was merged with the Pontifical Council for Promoting the New Evangelization into the Dicastery for Evangelization. It was responsible for Latin Church pre-diocesan missionary jurisdictions: mission sui iuris, missions sui iuris, apostolic prefectures (neither entitled to a titular bishop) and apostolic vicariates. Eastern Catholic Church, Eastern Catholic equivalents like apostolic exarchate are the responsibility of the Dicastery for the Eastern Churches. However many former missionary jurisdictions – mainly in the Third World – remain, after promotion to diocese of (Metropolitan) Archdiocese, und ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hanoi National University Of Education
Hanoi National University of Education (HNUE; ) is a public university in Vietnam. Established in 1951 as the fourth university in Vietnam (after Indochina Medical College (1902), University of Indochina (1904), École Supérieure des Beaux-Arts de L'Indochine (1925)), it is one of the largest higher education institutions in this country. The university also operates HNUE High school for gifted students, a national high school for gifted students. Established in 1951 with the name of National University of Science Education, the school was headed by Prof Lê Văn Thiêm, the father of Vietnam's Mathematics society. In 1956, it was merged with National University of Arts and Social Science Education and renamed Hanoi University of Education. In 1993, the university, along with University of Hanoi and Foreign Language Teachers' Training College, became the main posts for the establishment of Vietnam National University, Hanoi (VNUH). However, thanks to the Vietnam government's ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vietnam Academy Of Social Sciences
Vietnam Academy of Social Sciences (VASS) is a department of the Vietnamese government responsible for studying key social science issues in the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. Leaders * Trần Huy Liệu: 1953–1959 * Nguyễn Khánh Toàn: 1967–1982 * Đào Văn Tập: 1982–1985 * Phạm Như Cương: 1985–1990 * Đặng Xuân Kỳ: 1990–1991 * Nguyễn Duy Quý: 1991–1993, 1993–2003 * Đỗ Hoài Nam: 2003–2008, 2008–2011 *Nguyễn Xuân Thắng: 2011–2013, 2013–2016 * Nguyễn Quang Thuấn: 2016–2019 *Bùi Nhật Quang Bùi (Chữ Hán: 裴) is a common Vietnamese surname, ranked 9th among the most common surnames in Vietnam. The surname Pei (裴) in Chinese and Bae (배) in Korean share the same origin with it. Notable people with the name include: * Bùi ...: 2019–2022 * Đặng Xuân Thanh: 2022–2023 * Phan Chí Hiếu: 2023–present Structure # Institute of Anthropology # Institute of Family and Gender Studies # Institute of Archaeo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
