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The Fortunate Isles And Their Union
''The Fortunate Isles and Their Union'' is a Jacobean era masque, written by Ben Jonson and designed by Inigo Jones, and performed on 9 January 1625. It was the last masque acted before King James I of England (who died two months later on 27 March), and therefore the final masque of the Jacobean era. The show The masque had, as its theme, the vision of a unified British kingdom under the guidance of a wise king. "It reflected perfectly the image that he ameshad tried, in his rough-hewn way, to cultivate – even if history, in allotting him part of the blame for the catastrophe that was to befall his son, would be less generous to his reputation." ''The Fortunate Isles'' opens with the entrance of Johphiel, "an airy spirit" who is supposedly "the intelligence of Jupiter's sphere." Johphiel has a long conversation with Merefool, "a melancholic student," which involves much material on the then-new and controversial subject of "the brethren of the Rosy Cross." Jonson devotes th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Literature In English
English literature is literature written in the English language from the English-speaking world. The English language has developed over more than 1,400 years. The earliest forms of English, a set of Anglo-Frisian languages, Anglo-Frisian dialects brought to Great Britain by Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain, Ango-Saxon settlers in the fifth century, are called Old English. ''Beowulf'' is the most famous work in Old English. Despite being set in Scandinavia, it has achieved national epic status in England. However, following the Norman Conquest of England in 1066, the written form of the Old English, Anglo-Saxon language became less common. Under the influence of the new aristocracy, French became the standard language of courts, parliament, and polite society.Baugh, Albert and Cable, Thomas. 2002. ''The History of the English Language''. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice Hall. pp. 79–81. The English spoken after the Normans came is known as Middle English. This form ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Tunning Of Elynour Rummyng
''The Tunning of Elynour Rummyng'' is a long raucous, misogynous and libellous poem by English poet John Skelton. The poem concerns a publican who was fined in Leatherhead in 1525 for selling short measures at expensive prices. Her name is recorded as, Eleanor Romyngr or Elynour Rummyng. The poem was printed by Richard Lant sometime in 1550 and presents what many would consider disgusting images of rural drinking and drunkenness. For all its gritty description, Skelton has modeled the poem on Church liturgy of that time. The verse form itself closely resembles a liturgical chant. The poem is held as an example of misogyny. Women and men brewed ale for sale but it was frequently women who were charged with giving short measure. Elynour's husband was also a brewer but he was not brought to court. Elynour is a character in the poem who runs a "public house," or pub. In the early 16th century, the male or female owner of the pub not only sold the ale, but also probably brewe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ben Jonson Folios
Ben Jonson (c. 11 June 1572 – c. 16 August 1637) collected his plays and other writings into a book he titled ''The Workes of Benjamin Jonson''. In 1616 it was printed in London in the form of a folio. Second and third editions of his works were published posthumously in 1640 and 1692. These editions of Ben Jonson's works were a crucial development in the publication of English Renaissance drama. The first folio collection, ''The Workes of Benjamin Jonson'', treated stage plays as serious works of literature and stood as a precedent for other play collections that followed—notably the First Folio of Shakespeare's plays in 1623, the first Beaumont and Fletcher folio in 1647, and other collections that were important in preserving the dramatic literature of the age. The first folio, 1616 ''The Workes of Benjamin Jonson'', the first Jonson folio of 1616, printed and published by William Stansby and sold through bookseller Richard Meighen, contained nine plays all previously pub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Old Style And New Style Dates
Old Style (O.S.) and New Style (N.S.) indicate dating systems before and after a calendar change, respectively. Usually, they refer to the change from the Julian calendar to the Gregorian calendar as enacted in various Europe, European countries between 1582 and 1923. In England, Wales, Ireland and British America, Britain's American colonies, there were two calendar changes, both in 1752. The first adjusted the start of a new year from 25 March (Lady Day, the Feast of the Annunciation) to 1 January, a change which Scotland had made in 1600. The second discarded the Julian calendar in favour of the Gregorian calendar, skipping 11 days in the month of September to do so.. "Before 1752, parish registers, in addition to a new year heading after 24th March showing, for example '1733', had another heading at the end of the following December indicating '1733/4'. This showed where the Historical Year 1734 started even though the Civil Year 1733 continued until 24th March. ... We as h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Book Size
The size of a book is generally measured by the height against the width of a leaf, or sometimes the height and width of its cover. A series of terms is commonly used by libraries and publishers for the general sizes of modern books, ranging from ''folio'' (the largest), to ''quarto'' (smaller) and ''octavo'' (still smaller). Historically, these terms referred to the format of the book, a technical term used by printers and Bibliography, bibliographers to indicate the size of a leaf in terms of the size of the original sheet. For example, a quarto (from Latin ''quartō'', ablative form of ''quartus'', fourth) historically was a book printed on sheets of paper folded in half twice, with the first fold at right angles to the second, to produce 4 leaves (or 8 pages), each leaf one fourth the size of the original sheet printed – note that a ''leaf'' refers to the single piece of paper, whereas a ''page'' is one side of a leaf. Because the actual format of many modern books cannot be d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Three Books Of Occult Philosophy
''Three Books of Occult Philosophy'' (''De Occulta Philosophia libri III'') is Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa's study of occult philosophy, acknowledged as a significant contribution to the Renaissance philosophical discussion concerning the powers of magic, and its relationship with religion. The first book was printed in 1531 in Paris, Cologne, and Antwerp, while the full three volumes first appeared in Cologne in 1533. The three books deal with elemental, celestial and intellectual magic. The books outline the four elements, astrology, Kabbalah, numerology, angels, names of God, the virtues and relationships with each other as well as methods of utilizing these relationships and laws in medicine, scrying, alchemy, ceremonial magic, origins of what are from the Hebrew, Greek and Chaldean context. These arguments were common amongst other hermetic philosophers at the time and before. In fact, Agrippa's interpretation of magic is similar to the authors Marsilio Ficino Ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa
Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa von Nettesheim (; ; 14 September 1486 – 18 February 1535) was a German Renaissance polymath, physician, legal scholar, soldier, knight, theologian, and occult writer. Agrippa's ''Three Books of Occult Philosophy'' published in 1533 drew heavily upon Kabbalah, Hermeticism, and Neoplatonism. His book was widely influential among esotericists of the early modern period, and was condemned as heretical by the inquisitor of Cologne. Early life and education Agrippa was born in Nettesheim, near Cologne, on 14 September 1486, to a family of middle nobility.. In letters later in life he wrote that members of his family had been in the service of the House of Habsburg, although such claims may have been motivated by a desire to gain the support of potential patrons. On the record of his matriculation at the University of Cologne in 1499, he is listed simply as a citizen of Cologne, and his father's name is recorded as Henricus de Nettesheym. Agrippa studied at t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1621 In Literature
Events from the year 1621 in literature. Events *January 27 – Sir Francis Bacon is created Viscount St Alban. *February 3 – John Chamberlain writes to Sir Dudley Carleton telling him the anonymous author of the tract ''Vox Populi'' has been revealed to be the radical preacher Thomas Scott. *May 3 – Sir Francis Bacon is imprisoned in the Tower of London after being convicted of receiving bribes, but pardoned by King James I later in the year. *August 26 – Barten Holyday's allegorical play '' Technogamia'', originally produced at Christ Church, Oxford in 1618, is staged before James I at Woodstock Palace. He dislikes it, but is persuaded to stay to the end for the student actors' sakes. *September 24 – The earliest known copy of the '' Corante'', generally regarded as the first English newspaper, is published. *November 22 – The English poet John Donne is installed as Dean of St Paul's Cathedral in London. *December 30 – The Spanish writer Francisco de Borja y A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1618 In Literature
This article contains information about the literary events and publications of 1618. Events *January – Lady Hay and eight other Court ladies plan and rehearse a ''Ladies' Masque'' or ''Masque for Ladies'', intended for a Twelfth Night (holiday), Twelfth Night performance, but it is cancelled a few days before, either by King James I of England, James or Queen Anne of Denmark, Anne. *January 4 – Sir Francis Bacon is appointed List of Lord Chancellors and Lord Keepers, Lord Chancellor by King James I of England. *April 6 (Easter Monday) – The King's Men (playing company), King's Men perform ''Twelfth Night'' at Court. *April 7 – The King's Men perform ''The Winter's Tale'' at Court. *July – Ben Jonson sets out to walk to Scotland. *Catherine de Vivonne, marquise de Rambouillet, begins remodelling the Paris residence which becomes the Hôtel de Rambouillet to form a literary ''Salon (gathering), salon''. New books Prose *William Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley – ''Certain ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Staple Of News
''The Staple of News'' is an early Literature in English#Caroline and Cromwellian literature, Caroline era play, a satire by Ben Jonson. The play was first performed in late 1625 by the King's Men (playing company), King's Men at the Blackfriars Theatre, and first published in 1631. Publication ''The Staple of News'' was entered into the Stationers' Register in Feb. 1626, but was not published till five years later. Like ''The Devil is an Ass,'' ''The Staple of News'' was intended to be part of the second folio collection of Jonson's works that was being readied for publication in 1630, as a follow-up to the first collection in 1616. The project was abandoned, apparently because Jonson grew dissatisfied with the quality of the printing (done by John Beale). ''The Staple of News'', again like ''Devil is an Ass'', was published separately in 1631 in folio format from the existing typesetting, by the bookseller Robert Allot – though it is unclear whether this was ever a commerci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neptune's Triumph For The Return Of Albion
''Neptune's Triumph for the Return of Albion'' was a Jacobean era masque, written by Ben Jonson, and designed by Inigo Jones. It is notable for the contradictory historical evidence connected with it and the confusion it caused among generations of scholars and critics. Context The masque was intended as the major entertainment of the 1623–24 Christmas holiday season, and was scheduled to be performed on Twelfth Night, 6 January 1624. During the Jacobean era, however, attendance at the performances of the Stuart Court masques was coveted and controversial – especially among the foreign diplomats of the Court, who competed fiercely among themselves for admittance to the masques and especially for seating near the King. In the case of ''Neptune's Triumph,'' the dispute between the French and Spanish ambassadors was so intense that James I cancelled the performance. There was more than ego or vague national pride involved: James's son and heir, the future Charles I, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
House Of Stuart
The House of Stuart, originally spelled Stewart, also known as the Stuart dynasty, was a dynasty, royal house of Kingdom of Scotland, Scotland, Kingdom of England, England, Kingdom of Ireland, Ireland and later Kingdom of Great Britain, Great Britain. The family name comes from the office of High Steward of Scotland, which had been held by the family progenitor Walter fitz Alan (). The name Stewart and variations had become established as a family name by the time of his grandson Walter Stewart, 3rd High Steward of Scotland, Walter Stewart. The first monarch of the Stewart line was Robert II of Scotland, Robert II, whose male-line descendants were kings and queens in Scotland from 1371, and of England, Ireland and Great Britain from 1603, until 1714. Mary, Queen of Scots (r. 1542–1567), was brought up in France where she adopted the French spelling of the name Stuart. In 1503, James IV married Margaret Tudor, thus linking the reigning royal houses of Scotland and England. Ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
