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The Night Of Counting The Years
''The Night of Counting the Years'', also released in Egypt as ''The Mummy'' (), is a 1969 Egyptian film and the only feature film directed by Shadi Abdel Salam. It features a special appearance by Nadia Lutfi. It is the 3rd on the list of Top 100 Egyptian films. The film was produced by Roberto Rossellini for General Egyptian Cinema Organisation. Rossellini was instrumental in encouraging Abdel Salam to make the film, which tells a story set among the grave robbers of Kurna in Upper Egypt. It remains one of the best examples of neo-realism in Egyptian cinema. Other notable examples include Youssef Chahine's Al Ard (The Earth, 1969) and ''Al Usfur'' (The Sparrow, 1972) as well as Tewfik Saleh's ''Al Makhdu'un'' (The Dupes, 1973). "Shadi Abdel Salam's ''The Mummy'' was the forerunner of what was to become the hallmark of the neo realism, namely, the preoccupation with the search for identity and the relationship between heritage and character." The relationship between con ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shadi Abdel Salam
Shadi Abdel Salam (, 15 March 1930 – 8 October 1986) was an Egyptian film director, screenwriter and costume and set designer. Early life and education Born in Alexandria on 15 March 1930, Shadi graduated from Victoria College, Alexandria, 1948, and then moved to England to study theater arts from 1949 to 1950. He then joined faculty of fine arts in Cairo where he graduated as an architect in 1955. He worked as assistant to the artistic architect, Ramsis W. Wassef, 1957, and designed the decorations and costumes of some of the most famous historical Egyptian films among which are; '' Wa Islamah'', '' Maww’ed fil Bourg'', '' Al Nasser Salah Ad-Din'', ''Almaz wa Abdu El Hamouly''. He worked as a historical consultant and supervisor of the decoration, costumes and accessories sections of the Polish film, ''Pharaoh'', directed by Jerzy Kawalerowicz. He also directed the long drama film entitled ''The Night of Counting the Years'' (Al-Momiaa), 1968–1969, and he received many fil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ancient Egypt
Ancient Egypt () was a cradle of civilization concentrated along the lower reaches of the Nile River in Northeast Africa. It emerged from prehistoric Egypt around 3150BC (according to conventional Egyptian chronology), when Upper and Lower Egypt were amalgamated by Menes, who is believed by the majority of List of Egyptologists, Egyptologists to have been the same person as Narmer. The history of ancient Egypt unfolded as a series of stable kingdoms interspersed by the "Periodization of ancient Egypt, Intermediate Periods" of relative instability. These stable kingdoms existed in one of three periods: the Old Kingdom of Egypt, Old Kingdom of the Early Bronze Age; the Middle Kingdom of Egypt, Middle Kingdom of the Middle Bronze Age; or the New Kingdom of Egypt, New Kingdom of the Late Bronze Age. The pinnacle of ancient Egyptian power was achieved during the New Kingdom, which extended its rule to much of Nubia and a considerable portion of the Levant. After this period, Egypt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gaston Maspero
Sir Gaston Camille Charles Maspero (23 June 1846 – 30 June 1916) was a French Egyptologist and director general of excavations and antiquities for the Egyptian government. Widely regarded as the foremost Egyptologist of his generation, he began his career teaching Egyptian language in Paris becoming a professor at the Collège de France. In 1880, he led an archaeological mission to Egypt, which later became the Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale. In 1881, Maspero's investigation led to the discovery of a hidden tomb near Dayr al-Baḥrī, containing 40 mummies, including pharaohs Seti I, Amenhotep I, Thutmose III, and Ramses II. His study of these findings was published in (1889). After a brief period in Paris, he returned to Egypt to organize a vast collection of antiquities at a museum in Cairo's Būlāq district, which later became the foundation of the Egyptian Museum established in 1902. During his second tenure as director general (1899–1914), Maspero re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Effendi
Effendi or effendy ( ; ; originally from ) is a title of nobility meaning '' sir'', ''lord'' or '' master'', especially in the Ottoman Empire and the Caucasus''.'' The title itself and its other forms are originally derived from Medieval Greek ''aphentēs'' which is derived from Ancient Greek ''authentēs'' meaning lord. It is a title of respect or courtesy, equivalent to the English Sir. It was used in the Ottoman Empire and Byzantine Empire. It follows the personal name, when it is used, and is generally given to members of the learned professions and to government officials who have high ranks, such as '' bey'' or ''pasha''. It may also indicate a definite office, as , chief physician to the sultan. The possessive form ''efendim'' (my master) was formerly used by slaves, and is commonplace in formal discourse, when answering the telephone, and can substitute for "excuse me" in some situations (e.g. asking someone to repeat something). In the Ottoman era, the most common ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Unas
Unas or Wenis, also spelled Unis (, Hellenization, hellenized form Oenas or Onnos; died 2345), was a pharaoh, king, the ninth and last ruler of the Fifth Dynasty of Egypt during the Old Kingdom of Egypt, Old Kingdom. Unas reigned for 15 to 30 years in the mid-24th century BC (c. 2345–2315 BC), succeeding Djedkare Isesi, who might have been his father. Little is known of Unas' activities during his reign, which was a time of economic decline. Egypt maintained trade relations with the Levantine coast and Nubia, and military action may have taken place in southern Canaan. The growth and decentralization of the administration in conjunction with the lessening of the king's power continued under Unas, ultimately contributing to the collapse of the Old Kingdom some 200 years later. Unas built a Pyramid of Unas, pyramid in Saqqara, the smallest of the royal Egyptian pyramids, pyramids completed during the Old Kingdom. The accompanying mortuary complex with its high and valley tem ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Illicit Antiquities
The antiquities trade is the exchange of antiquities and archaeological artifacts from around the world. This trade may be illicit or completely legal. The legal antiquities trade abides by national regulations, allowing for extraction of artifacts for scientific study whilst maintaining archaeological and anthropological context. The illicit antiquities trade involves non-scientific extraction that ignores the archaeological and anthropological context from the artifacts. Legal trade The legal trade in antiquities abide by the laws of the countries in which the artifacts originate. These laws establish how the antiquities may be extracted from the ground and the legal process in which artifacts may leave the country. In many countries excavations and exports were prohibited without official licenses already in the 19th century, as for example in the Ottoman Empire. According to the laws of the countries of origin, there can't be a legal trade with archaeological artifact without ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
DB320
The Royal Cache, technically known as TT320 (previously referred to as DB320), is an Ancient Egyptian Hypogeum, tomb located next to Deir el-Bahari, in the Theban Necropolis, opposite the modern city of Luxor. It contains an extraordinary collection of mummified remains and funeral equipment of more than 50 kings, queens, and other royal family members of the New Kingdom of Egypt, New Kingdom, as it was used as a cache for royal mummies during the Twenty-first Dynasty of Egypt, Twenty-first Dynasty. The tomb was originally used as the last resting place of High Priest of Amun Pinedjem II, his wife Neskhons, and other close family members. Its discovery by locals between 1860 and 1871, and by Egyptologists in 1881, caused a sensation. The mummies quickly became a highlight of the new Egyptian Museum (then in Giza). In 1969, the discovery was dramatized in ''The Night of Counting the Years'', which became one of Egypt's most widely respected films. In 2021 the mummies were moved to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mummies
A mummy is a dead human or an animal whose soft tissues and Organ (biology), organs have been preserved by either intentional or accidental exposure to Chemical substance, chemicals, extreme cold, very low humidity, or lack of air, so that the recovered body does not Corpse decomposition, decay further if kept in cool and dry conditions. Some authorities restrict the use of the term to bodies deliberately embalming, embalmed with chemicals, but the use of the word to cover accidentally desiccation, desiccated bodies goes back to at least the early 17th century. Mummies of humans and animals have been found on every continent, both as a result of natural preservation through unusual conditions, and as cultural artifacts. Over one million Animal mummy, animal mummies have been found in Egypt, many of which are cats. Many of the Egyptian animal mummies are African sacred ibis, sacred ibis, and radiocarbon dating suggests the Egyptian ibis mummies that have been analyzed were from ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Treasure Trove
A treasure trove is an amount of money or coin, gold, silver, plate, or bullion found hidden underground or in places such as cellars or attics, where the treasure seems old enough for it to be presumed that the true owner is dead and the heirs undiscoverable. An archaeological find of treasure trove is known as a hoard. The legal definition of what constitutes treasure trove and its treatment under law vary considerably from country to country, and from era to era. The term is also often used metaphorically. Collections of articles published as a book are often titled ''Treasure Trove'', as in ''A Treasure Trove of Science''. This was especially fashionable for titles of children's books in the early- and mid-20th century. Terminology ''Treasure trove'', sometimes rendered ''treasure-trove'', literally means "treasure that has been found". The English term ''treasure trove'' was derived from ''tresor trové'', the Anglo-French equivalent of the Latin legal term ''thesaurus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sa'idi People
A Ṣa‘īdī (, Coptic language, Coptic: ⲣⲉⲙⲣⲏⲥ ''Remris'') is a person from Upper Egypt (, Coptic language, Coptic: ⲙⲁⲣⲏⲥ ''Maris''). Etymology The word literally means "from Ṣa‘īd" (i.e. Upper Egypt), and can also refer to a Music of Egypt#Saidi (Upper Egyptian), form of music originating there, or to Sa'idi Arabic, the dialect spoken by Sa‘idis. The Arabic word ''Ṣa‘īd'', as a geographical term, means "highland, upland, plateau". The suffix ''-i'' forms an adjective. The word ''Ṣa‘īdi'' is pronounced in the dialect itself as or and the plural is or , while pronounced in Egyptian Arabic (Northern Egyptian) as and the plural is . In the Sahidic (Upper Egyptian) dialect of Coptic, the name for a person from Upper Egypt is (pronounced rem/rīs) meaning "person of the South" or (pronounced rem/pma/rīs or rem/ma/rīs) "person of (the) place of the south (i.e. Upper Egypt)". Socioeconomic status Approximately 40% of Egyptians liv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of Modern Egypt
According to most scholars the history of modern Egypt dates from the start of the rule of Muhammad Ali in 1805 and his launching of Egypt's modernization project that involved building a new army and suggesting a new map for the country, though the definition of Egypt's modern history has varied in accordance with different definitions of modernity. Some scholars date it as far back as 1516 with the Ottomans' defeat of the Mamlūks in 1516–17. Muhammad Ali's dynasty became practically independent from Ottoman rule, following his military campaigns against the Empire and his ability to enlist large-scale armies, allowing him to control both Egypt and parts of North Africa and the Middle East. In 1882, the Khedivate of Egypt became part of the British sphere of influence in the region, a situation that conflicted with its position as an autonomous vassal state of the Ottoman Empire. The country became a British protectorate in 1915 and achieved full independence in 1922, be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caisse De La Dette
The Caisse de la Dette Publique ("Public Debt Commission", ) was an international commission established by a decree issued by Khedive Isma'il of Egypt on 2 May 1876 to supervise the payment by the Egyptian government of the loans to the European governments following several modernisation projects including the construction of the Suez Canal.Yackley, J. (2013). ''Bankrupt: Financial diplomacy in the late nineteenth-century Middle East''. ProQuest Dissertations Publishing. The Khedive had defaulted on paying back Egypt's foreign debts, which were mostly owed to the British and the French. These governments in turn joined to impose a system of supervision over Egypt's debts. The goal of the commission was to investigate everything regarding Egypt's foreign debts: what Egypt could afford to pay, in what way the taxes were collected, how high the amount of floating debt was, and how that debt had been incurred. Historic debt accumulation During the late 19th century, Egypt undertook ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
