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Stroma (other)
Stroma may refer to: Biology * Stroma (tissue), the connective, functionally supportive framework of a biological cell, tissue, or organ (in contrast, the parenchyma is the functional aspect of a tissue) ** Stroma of ovary, a soft tissue, well supplied with blood, consisting of spindle-shaped cells with a small amount of connective tissue ** Stroma of iris, fibres and cells in the iris ** Stroma of cornea, plates of collagen fibrils in the cornea ** Lymph node stromal cell, cells which provide a scaffold for other lymph node cells ** Stroma of red blood cell, encloses Hemoglobin proteins within the red blood cell **In mycology, a stroma is a tissue structure of some ascomycete mushrooms. * Stroma (fluid), the fluid in between grana, where carbohydrate-formation reactions occur in the chloroplasts of plant cells photosynthesizing * Stromal cell, a connective tissue cell of any organ; supports the function of the parenchyma Places * Island of Stroma, a now uninhabited islan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stroma (tissue)
Stroma () is the part of a tissue or organ with a structural or connective role. It is made up of all the parts without specific functions of the organ - for example, connective tissue, blood vessels, ducts, etc. The other part, the parenchyma, consists of the cells that perform the function of the tissue or organ. There are multiple ways of classifying tissues: one classification scheme is based on tissue functions and another analyzes their cellular components. Stromal tissue falls into the "functional" class that contributes to the body's support and movement. The cells which make up stroma tissues serve as a matrix in which the other cells are embedded. Stroma is made of various types of stromal cells. Examples of stroma include: * stroma of iris * stroma of cornea * stroma of ovary * stroma of thyroid gland * stroma of thymus * stroma of bone marrow * lymph node stromal cell * multipotent stromal cell (mesenchymal stem cell) Structure Stromal connective tissues are foun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stroma Of Ovary
The stroma of the ovary is a unique type of connective tissue abundantly supplied with blood vessels, consisting for the most part of spindle-shaped stroma cells. These appear similar to fibroblasts. The stroma also contains ordinary connective tissue such as reticular fibers and collagen. Ovarian stroma differs from typical connective tissue in that it contains a high number of cells. The stoma cells are distributed in such a way that the tissue appears to be whorled. Stromal cells associated with maturing follicles may acquire endocrine function and secrete estrogens. The entire ovarian stroma is highly vascular. On the surface of the organ this tissue is much condensed, and forms a layer ( tunica albuginea) composed of short connective-tissue fibers, with fusiform cells between them. The stroma of the ovary may contain interstitial cells resembling those of the testis. See also * stroma (other) * Stromal cell * Sex cord-gonadal stromal tumour Sex is the t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stroma Of Iris
The stroma of the iris is a fibrovascular layer of tissue. It is the upper layer of two in the iris. Structure The stroma is a delicate interlacement of fibres. Some circle the circumference of the iris and the majority radiate toward the pupil. Blood vessels and nerves intersperse this mesh. In dark eyes, the stroma often contains pigment granules. Blue eyes and the eyes of albinos, however, lack pigment. The stroma connects to a sphincter muscle ( sphincter pupillae), which contracts the pupil in a circular motion, and a set of dilator muscles (dilator pupillae) which pull the iris radially to enlarge the pupil, pulling it in folds. The back surface is covered by a commonly, heavily pigmented epithelial Epithelium or epithelial tissue is one of the four basic types of animal tissue, along with connective tissue, muscle tissue and nervous tissue. It is a thin, continuous, protective layer of compactly packed cells with a little intercellu ... layer that is two ce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stroma Of Cornea
The stroma of the cornea (or substantia propria) is a fibrous, tough, unyielding, perfectly transparent and the thickest layer of the cornea of the eye. It is between Bowman's membrane anteriorly, and Descemet's membrane posteriorly. At its centre, human corneal stroma is composed of about 200 flattened ''lamellæ'' (layers of collagen fibrils), superimposed one on another. They are each about 1.5-2.5 μm in thickness. The anterior lamellæ interweave more than posterior lamellæ. The fibrils of each lamella are parallel with one another, but at different angles to those of adjacent lamellæ. The lamellæ are produced by keratocytes (corneal connective tissue cells), which occupy about 10% of the substantia propria. Apart from the cells, the major non-aqueous constituents of the stroma are collagen fibrils and proteoglycans. The collagen fibrils are made of a mixture of type I and type V collagens. These molecules are tilted by about 15 degrees to the fibril axis, and because ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lymph Node Stromal Cell
Lymph node stromal cells are essential to the structure and function of the lymph node whose functions include: creating an internal tissue scaffold for the support of hematopoietic cells; the release of small molecule chemical messengers that facilitate interactions between hematopoietic cells; the facilitation of the migration of hematopoietic cells; the presentation of antigens to immune cells at the initiation of the adaptive immune system; and the homeostasis of lymphocyte numbers. Stromal cells originate from multipotent mesenchymal stem cells. Structure Lymph nodes are enclosed in an external fibrous capsule, from which thin walls of sinew called ''trabeculae'' penetrate into the lymph node, partially dividing it. Beneath the external capsule and along the courses of the trabeculae, are ''peritrabecular'' and '' subcapsular sinuses''. These sinuses are cavities containing macrophages (specialised cells which help to keep the extracellular matrix in order). The interio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ascocarp
An ascocarp, or ascoma (), is the fruiting body ( sporocarp) of an ascomycete phylum fungus. It consists of very tightly interwoven hyphae and millions of embedded asci, each of which typically contains four to eight ascospores. Ascocarps are most commonly bowl-shaped (apothecia) but may take on a spherical or flask-like form that has a pore opening to release spores (perithecia) or no opening (cleistothecia). Classification The ascocarp is classified according to its placement (in ways not fundamental to the basic taxonomy). It is called ''epigeous'' if it grows above ground, as with the morels, while underground ascocarps, such as truffles, are termed ''hypogeous''. The structure enclosing the hymenium is divided into the types described below (apothecium, cleistothecium, etc.) and this character ''is'' important for the taxonomic classification of the fungus. Apothecia can be relatively large and fleshy, whereas the others are microscopic—about the size of flecks of g ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stroma (fluid)
Stroma, in botany, refers to the colorless fluid surrounding the grana within the chloroplast. Within the stroma are grana (stacks of thylakoid), and the sub-organelles or daughter cells, where photosynthesis is commenced before the chemical changes are completed in the stroma. Kramer & Scott ''flower'' iv. 80 1979 Photosynthesis occurs in two stages. In the first stage, ''light-dependent reactions'' capture the energy of light and use it to make the energy-storage molecules ATP and NADPH. During the second stage, the '' light-independent reactions'' use these products to fix carbon by capturing and reducing carbon dioxide. The series of biochemical redox reactions which take place in the stroma are collectively called the Calvin cycle or '' light-independent reactions''. There are three phases: carbon fixation, reduction reactions, and ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP) regeneration. The stroma is also the location of chloroplast DNA and chloroplast ribosomes, and thus a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stromal Cell
Stromal cells, or mesenchymal stromal cells, are differentiating cells found in abundance within bone marrow but can also be seen all around the body. Stromal cells can become connective tissue cells of any organ, for example in the uterine mucosa (endometrium), prostate, bone marrow, lymph node and the ovary. They are cells that support the function of the parenchymal cells of that organ. The most common stromal cells include fibroblasts and pericytes. The term ''stromal'' comes from Latin , "bed covering", and Ancient Greek , , "bed". Stromal cells are an important part of the body's immune response and modulate inflammation through multiple pathways. They also aid in differentiation of hematopoietic cells and forming necessary blood elements. The interaction between stromal cells and tumor cells is known to play a major role in cancer growth and progression. In addition, by regulating local cytokine networks (e.g. M-CSF, LIF), bone marrow stromal cells have been described to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Island Of Stroma
The Island of Stroma or Isle of Stroma or Stroma, is an uninhabited island off the northern coast of the mainland of Scotland, just north of John o' Groats. It is the most southerly of the islands in the Pentland Firth between the Orkney islands and the traditional county of Caithness and therein the civil parish of Canisbay, the northeasternmost part of the mainland. Stroma is part of the county of Caithness. The name is from the Old Norse ''Straumr-øy'' meaning "island in the idalstream". Ancient stone structures testify to the presence of Stroma's earliest residents, while a Norse presence around 900–1,000 years ago is recorded in the '' Orkneyinga Saga''. It has been politically united with Caithness since at least the 15th century. Although Stroma lies only a few miles off the Scottish coast, the savage weather and ferociously strong tides of the Pentland Firth meant that the island's inhabitants were very isolated, causing them to be largely self-sufficient, trad ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Freddie Stroma
Frederic Wilhelm C. J. Sjöström (born 8 January 1987), known professionally as Freddie Stroma, is an English actor and model, known for his work in roles including Cormac McLaggen in the ''Harry Potter'' film series; Adam Cromwell on the Lifetime series '' Unreal''; Brit Vayner in '' 13 Hours: The Secret Soldiers of Benghazi'' (2016); H.G. Wells in the ABC series '' Time After Time''; and Adrian Chase/Vigilante in the DC Extended Universe series ''Peacemaker''. Early life Stroma was born 8 January 1987 in London, England, to father Stefan Sjöström, a Swedish-born computer industry executive, and German mother Crystal Kupper, and grew up in Ascot, England in Berkshire, about 25 miles west of London. He was educated at Sunningdale School and the boys-only boarding school Radley College in Oxfordshire, leaving in 2005. He has an older sister, Antonia Sjöström, and a younger brother, Philipp Sjöström. When he was 16, Stroma was accepted to the National Youth Theat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stroma Buttrose
Stroma Buttrose (20 October 1929 – 26 February 2020) was an Australian architect, who became the first female Planning Assistant in South Australia, joining the Town Planners Office in 1957 (later called the State Planning office). Buttrose is considered to be a pioneering figure of women in architecture, as she was the first female Commissioner of the Planning Appeal Board, as well as being the author of numerous architectural publications, most notably City Planning in Australia in 1975. Buttrose supervised the Gawler Land Use Survey, as well as the Willunga Land Use Survey, both areas covering approximately 100 by 40 kilometres. She was also instrumental in the production of the Development Plan for the Metropolitan Area of Adelaide, which was published in 1963. In 1973, Buttrose was the first woman to be appointed Commissioner of the Town Planning Appeal Board/Tribunal, which later became the Environment, Resources and Development Court. Early life Buttrose's interest i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stroma (musical Group)
Stroma is a mixed chamber ensemble based in Wellington, New Zealand. It is New Zealand’s largest chamber ensemble, able to draw on over 20 players, many of whom are principal players with the New Zealand Symphony Orchestra (NZSO). It focuses on music written in the last 100 years, and has been active since 2000. It has commissioned and/or premiered over 50 New Zealand works, and has given repeat performances to another 40. Stroma has also collaborated with musicians and artists from other genres, such as jazz musicians (e.g. Jeff Henderson), taonga pūoro players (e.g. Richard Nunns) and choreographers (e.g. Daniel Belton). Because the members are largely affiliated with the New Zealand Symphony Orchestra, usually fewer than 10 concerts a year are given by Stroma. NZSO principals have included Vesa-Matti Leppänen (violin), Bridget Douglas (flute), and Ed Allen (horn). History Stroma was established in 2000 by Hamish McKeich, Michael Norris, Bridget Douglas and Philip Bro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
