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Society Of Seminary Teachers Of Qom
The Society of Seminary Teachers of Qom ( fa, جامعهٔ مدرسین حوزهٔ علمیهٔ قم, jâme'e madrasin howze 'ilmiah Qom) is an Iranian group founded in 1961/3 by the leading Muslim clerics of Qom. Established by the students of Ayatollah Khomeini after his exile to Iraq, it was formed in order to organize political activities of Khomeini's followers and promote his revolutionary interpretation of Islam, such as the idea of Islamic government. Since the 1979 revolution, it has largely become the body to keep the regime's registrar of who counts as a grand ayatollah, an Ayatollah and a Hojjat ul Islam. It has a head who is appointed by the Supreme Leader of the Islamic Republic. It currently heads the Supreme Council of Qom Hawzas, and proposes judges to the judiciary system. The body gained international prominence when it announced in 1981 that Ayatollah Shariatmadari was no longer a source of emulation (marja'). It has demoted a number of clerics over th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hashem Hosseini Bushehri
Seyyed Hashem Hosseini Bushehri ( fa, سید هاشم حسینی بوشهری) is an Iranian Twelver Shia cleric who was born in 1956 in Bandar-e Deyr, Bushehr province. Hosseini Bushehri is the representative of Bushehr province in the Assembly of Experts; he is also the Temporary Imam of Friday Prayer in Qom. Life Seyyed Hashem Hosseini Bushehri was born in Bordkhun, locating around Bandar-e Deyr in Bushehr province. His father was a cleric and farmer. His mother was the daughter of an Islamic Shia scholar. Hosseini Bushehri went to Hawzah after passing his elementary school. He began his seminary education at the Hawzah-school of Bushehr, and then went to Qom Seminary. Teachers Hosseini Bushehri studied under teachers and scholars including: * Mohammad-Reza Golpaygani * Mohammad Fazel Lankarani * Jawad Tabrizi * Mirza Hashem Amoli * Naser Makarem Shirazi * Hossein Wahid Khorasani * Hassan Hassanzadeh Amoli * Mohammad Taqi Sotudeh * Mirza Mohsen Duzduzani * Amad Payani ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yousef Saanei
Grand Ayatollah Yousef Saanei ( fa, يوسف صانعى; 16 October 1937 – 12 September 2020) was an Iranian Twelver Shi'a Marja' and politician, a member of the Islamic Republic of Iran's powerful Guardian Council from 1980 to 1983 and also Attorney-General of Iran from 1983 to 1985. Whether he was a Marja' (Grand Ayatollah) was disputed. His calls for radical political reform in Iran were very controversial and in 2010 the government-sponsored " Qom Theological Lecturers Association" (''Jame-e-Modarressin'') declared him no longer qualified for emulation as a Grand Ayatollah. However, many of his followers continued to consider him their Marja, and this was acknowledged by several influential Maraji such as Grand Ayatollah Ali al-Sistani, Naser Makarem Shirazi, Abdul-Karim Mousavi Ardebili, and Hossein Noori Hamedani. Family, early life, and education Saanei was born in the Persian month of Aban 1318 SH and in the month of Shaban 1458 AH in the semi-desert farmi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hossein Mazaheri
Grand Ayatollah Hossein Mazaheri Isfahani ( ar, حسين المظاهري الأصفهاني) (born November 16 1933) is a senior Iranian Twelver Shia Marja. He was also a member of the Third Assembly of Experts. Biography Grand Ayatollah Hossein Mazaheri was born in Isfahan in 1933. At the age of 14, he moved to Isfahan Seminary to start his religious studies. Five years later, he moved to Qom to complete his studies. In Qom he studied in Seminars of Grand Ayatollah Boroujerdi and Imam Khomeini. Ayatollah Marashi Najafi, Allamah Tabatabei and Mohaqeq Damad were also among his teachers. He currently resides and teaches in the Seminary of Isfahan, Iran. See also * Grand Ayatollahs * List of current Maraji This article provides the list of ''Maraji'' (plural of ''Marja'', the supreme legal authority or the source of emulation), followed by Twelver (also known as ''Imamiyyah'') Shia Muslims around the world. The concept of a ''Marja-i Taqlid'' (lit. ... * Qom * Ijtiha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naser Makarem Shirazi
Grand Ayatollah Naser Makarem Shirazi (, born 25 February 1927 in Shiraz, Iran) is an Iranian Shia '' marja''' and religious leader. Biography He was born in the city of Shiraz, Iran. According to his website, his father was Ali Mohammad, his grandfather was Mohammad Karim, his forefather was Mohammad Baqer and his progenitor was Mohammad Sadeq. According to Parvaneh Vahidmanesh one of opponents of the Iranian regime, he has Jewish ancestors. He finished his school in Shiraz. He started his formal Islamic studies at the age of 14 in the Agha Babakhan Shirazi seminary. After completing the introductory studies, he started studying jurisprudence (''fiqh'') and its principles (''usool al-fiqh''). He made rapid progress and finished studying the complete levels of introductory and both the levels of the intermediate Islamic studies in approximately four years. During this time, he also taught at the Islamic seminary in Shiraz. At the age of 18, he formally entered the theological ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Morteza Moghtadai
Ayatollah Morteza Moghtadai (مرتضی مقتدایی) (born 12 October 1935 in Isfahan, Iran) is an Iranian Shia scholar, and deputy chairman of Society of Seminary Teachers of Qom. He was re-elected to the fourth Assembly of Experts. He currently resides in Isfahan and teaches in the city's seminary. He was quoted as saying of the 2009 Iranian election protests that the "demonstrators were treading the path of the world's arrogance" and that "The regime must confront them". Biography Moghtadaei was born in 1935 in Isfahan Hakim Mosque District. His father, Mirza Mahmoud Moghtadaei of Clergymen of that time was a disciple of Abdul-Karim Ha'eri Yazdi and Ruhollah Khomeini and Mohaghegh Damad, Syed Ahmad Zanjani." Responsibilities Some of his responsibilities after the revolution are as follows: * Islamic Revolution Court judge * Member and spokesman of the Supreme Judicial Council * Chairman of the Supreme Court * Chairman of the Supreme Court and prosecutor genera ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rabbani Shirazi
Rabbani may refer to: People * Rabbani (Sufism), a follower in Sufism * Abdul Al-Rahim Ghulam Rabbani (born 1969), Pakistani prisoner, brother of Mohammed Ahmad Ghulam Rabbani * Burhanuddin Rabbani (1940–2011), former President of Afghanistan, leader of the Northern Alliance * Faraz Rabbani (born 1974), Canadian Muslim scholar * Hina Rabbani Khar (born 1977), Pakistani politician * Mohammad Rabbani (1955–2001), Taliban Prime Minister of Afghanistan * Raza Rabbani (born 1953), Pakistani senator, leader of the opposition * Mohammed Ahmad Ghulam Rabbani (born 1970), Pakistani prisoner, brother of Abdul Al-Rahim Ghulam Rabbani * Wahid Baksh Sial Rabbani, Sufi saint * Mouin Rabbani, Palestinian journalist * Md Golam Rabbani, Airman at Bangladesh Air Force Groups * Rabbani (band), Malaysian nasyid group * Jama'at-e Rabbani Jama'at-e Rabbani ( fa, جماعت ربانی) is the Iranian branch of the Assemblies of God, one of the largest evangelical Pentecostal Christian churches. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Qoddusi
Ali Qoddusi (also Ghoddosi or Qodusi) (1927–1981) was an Iranian cleric and a major actor in the 1979 revolution. Qoddusi was born in 1927 in the province of Hamadan. He joined the Qom seminaries in 1944 and studied with, among others, grand ayatollah Hossein Borujerdi. His particular interests in his studies were ethics (akhlaq) and spirituality. Organizationally, he was eager to modernize the educational system of the hawza and to make the hawza again politically relevant. In 1964, he co-founded the Haqqani School, a Shiite seminary in Qom, from which many of the Islamic Republic's political elites were later recruited. Qoddusi was active in the struggle against the Shah, in particular in 1963 when the Shah sought to condemn Khomeini to death, but then instead decided to merely exile him. In 1966, Qoddusi was imprisoned for a short time in Qezel Qaleh Prison. In the 1970s, Qoddusi became the director of the Haqqani School, where in 1973/74 he opened a women's section for the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hossein-Ali Montazeri
Grand Ayatollah Hussein-Ali Montazeri ( fa, حسینعلی منتظری ; 24 September 1922 – 19 December 2009) was an Iranian Shia Islamic theologian, Islamic democracy advocate, writer and human rights activist. He was one of the leaders of the Iranian Revolution and one of the highest-ranking authorities in Shīʿite Islam. He was once the designated successor to the revolution's Supreme Leader, Ayatollah Khomeini, but they had a falling-out in 1989 over government policies that Montazeri claimed infringed on people's freedom and denied them their rights, especially after the 1988 mass execution of political prisoners. Montazeri spent his later years in Qom and remained politically influential in Iran, but was placed in house arrest in 1997 for questioning "the unaccountable rule exercised by the supreme leader", Ali Khamenei, who succeeded Khomeini in his stead. He was known as the most knowledgeable senior Islamic scholar in Iran and a ''grand marja'' (religious ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ali Meshkini
Ali Akbar Feiz Aleni ( fa, علیاکبر فیض آلنی; 2 December 1921 – 30 July 2007), better known as Ali Meshkini, was an Iranian cleric and politician. Life Meshkini was an Iranian Azerbaijani born in a village near Meshkin Shahr and the Sabalan mountain. He was born as ''Āli'', but preferred the pronunciation ''Ali'' during his career. He succeeded Ayatollah Montazeri as chairman of the Iranian Assembly of Experts after the latter was ousted. The Assembly of Experts selects the Supreme Leader of Iran and supervises his activities. Meshkini chaired the commission that drafted the amendment of 1989 to the 1979 constitution of Iran. Within the commission, he also chaired one of its four committees, the one tasked with drafting amendments that would strengthen the judiciary. As such, he was an influential force in changing the leadership of the judiciary from a triumvirate, the Supreme Judicial Council, to an individual in 1989. He was the author of many books on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ebrahim Amini
Ayatollah Ebrahim Amini (30 June 1925 – 24 April 2020) was an Iranian conservative politician who was a member of the Assembly of Experts. He was also a member of the Expediency Discernment Council, and was previously identified as a possible candidate to become the next Iranian Supreme Leader. Ayatollah Amini was a jurist and a moderate supporter of jurisprudential Islam. He was a member of the Council for the Revision of the Second Constitution in 1989 and was a supporter of the maximum ruling term of a Supreme Leader being ten years. Amini was known as a critic of the government of former president Mahmoud Ahmedinejad. Amini died in April 2020 at the age of 94, at the Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Qom. See also *List of members of Constitutional Amendment Council of Iran *List of Ayatollahs This is a partial list of Ayatollahs, a title given to high ranked Twelver Usuli Shi'a Muslim clerics. Its ranking is higher than Hujjat al-Islam, and the next higher clerical rank is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Azari Qomi
Grand Ayatollah Ahmad Azari-Qomi-Bigdeli was an Iranian cleric. Born in 1925 in Qom, after the 1979 Iranian Revolution he served on the Special Clerical Court, and Assembly of Experts, founded the conservative Resalat Newspaper. He was arrested in November 1997 after an open letter by him was published in Britain criticizing Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei for allowing torture and "moral corruption" among officials and clerics. Shortly after Khamenei denounced him in a televised speech for allegedly committing "treason against the people, the revolution and the country." His renewed candidacy for the Assembly of Experts was rejected by the Guardian Council the next year and he died in 1999. Background and career Azari was born to a family of Sh'ia clerics in Qom in 1925. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fazel Lankarani
Grand Ayatollah Mohammad Fazel Lankarani (1931 – June 16, 2007) was an Iranian Twelver Shia Marja'. He was student of Grand Ayatollah Borujerdi. He was a child of a Persian mother and an Azerbaijani father. Biography and clerical activities Lankarani was born in Qom, Iran. His father was from Lankaran (now in today's Azerbaijan Republic) who studied in Najaf and Qom and eventually settled in the latter. His mother was a woman of Sayed descent. Lankarani was fluent in Arabic, Azerbaijani, Persian, and Russian. Lankarani received his ijtihad, the permission of independent interpretation of the legal sources (the Qur'an and the Sunnah), from Ayatollah Boroujerdi at the age of 25. He led the prayer in the haram of Bibi Masouma A.S in Qum. Grand Ayatollah Fazel Lankarani was declared as the most knowledgeable specialist in the field of Islamic law ( Marja al-taqlid) by the central Shi'a school of religious studies in Qom, Hawza 'Ilmiyyah, after the death of Ayatollah Khomeini. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
