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Streptocarpus Sect. Saintpaulia
''Streptocarpus'' sect. ''Saintpaulia'' is a section within ''Streptocarpus'' subgenus ''Streptocarpella'' consisting of about ten species of herbaceous perennial flowering plants in the family Gesneriaceae, native to Tanzania and adjacent southeastern Kenya in eastern tropical Africa. The section was previously treated as a separate genus, ''Saintpaulia'', but molecular phylogenetic studies showed that it was nested within the genus ''Streptocarpus''. Species and cultivars are commonly called African violets (although they are not closely related to true violets) or saintpaulias. They are commonly sold as house plants. Several of the species and subspecies of the section are endangered, and many more are threatened, as their native cloud forest habitats are cleared for agriculture. The conservation status of ''Streptocarpus ionanthus'' has been classed as near-threatened. Description Saintpaulias, which grow from 6-15 cm tall, can be anywhere from 6-30 cm wide. The leaves ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Streptocarpus Ionanthus
''Streptocarpus ionanthus'' (Synonym (taxonomy), synonym ''Saintpaulia ionantha'') is a species of ''Streptocarpus'' in the section ''Streptocarpus sect. Saintpaulia, Saintpaulia'', commonly known as an African violet. It is native to eastern and southwestern Tanzania. Infraspecific taxa , ''Plants of the World Online'' accepted the following subspecies and varieties. Many have previously been treated as separate species in the no longer recognized genus ''Saintpaulia''. *''Streptocarpus ionanthus'' var. ''diplotrichus'' (B.L.Burtt) Christenh. (syn. ''Saintpaulia diplotricha'') *''Streptocarpus ionanthus'' subsp. ''grandifolius'' (B.L.Burtt) Christenh. (syn. ''Saintpaulia grandifolia'') *''Streptocarpus ionanthus'' subsp. ''grotei'' (Engl.) Christenh. (syn. ''Saintpaulia amaniensis'', ''Saintpaulia confusa'', ''Saintpaulia difficilis'', ''Saintpaulia grotei'', ''Saintpaulia magungensis'') *''Streptocarpus ionanthus'' subsp. ''mafiensis'' (I.Darbysh. & Pócs) Christenh. *''Strepto ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agriculture
Agriculture encompasses crop and livestock production, aquaculture, and forestry for food and non-food products. Agriculture was a key factor in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticated species created food surpluses that enabled people to live in the cities. While humans started gathering grains at least 105,000 years ago, nascent farmers only began planting them around 11,500 years ago. Sheep, goats, pigs, and cattle were domesticated around 10,000 years ago. Plants were independently cultivated in at least 11 regions of the world. In the 20th century, industrial agriculture based on large-scale monocultures came to dominate agricultural output. , small farms produce about one-third of the world's food, but large farms are prevalent. The largest 1% of farms in the world are greater than and operate more than 70% of the world's farmland. Nearly 40% of agricultural land is found on farms larger than . However, five of every six farm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
German East Africa
German East Africa (GEA; ) was a German colonial empire, German colony in the African Great Lakes region, which included present-day Burundi, Rwanda, the Tanzania mainland, and the Kionga Triangle, a small region later incorporated into Portuguese Mozambique, Mozambique. GEA's area was , which was nearly three times the area of present-day Germany and almost double the area of metropolitan Germany at the time. The colony was organised when the German military was asked in the late 1880s to put down a revolt against the activities of the German East Africa Company. It ended with German Empire, Imperial Germany's defeat in World War I. Ultimately the territory was divided amongst Britain, Belgium and Portugal, and was reorganised as a League of Nations mandate, mandate of the League of Nations. History Like other colonial powers, the Germans expanded their empire in the Africa Great Lakes region, ostensibly to explore the region's rich resources and its people. Unlike other imp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Walter Von Saint Paul-Illaire
Walter von Saint Paul-Illaire or Adalbert Emil Walter Le Tanneux von Saint Paul-Illaire (born 1860; died 1940) was a German colonial official in East Africa. He hailed from the noble family of Le Tanneux von Saint Paul, which had moved to Prussia in the 17th century. The genus Saintpaulia of the African violet was named in his honour after he discovered it in the Usambara Mountains and had sent its seeds in 1893 to Hermann Wendland, the German botanist and Chief Royal gardener at the Herrenhausen Gardens in Hanover, who gave the plant its first description, calling it the ''Usambara veilchen'' ('Usambara violet'). Life Walter von Saint Paul-Illaire, was born on January 12, 1860, in Berlin, Kingdom of Prussia. He was the son of the naval officer and member of the Reichstag (German Empire) , Reichstag, Ulrich von Saint Paul-Illaire (1833-1902), was promoted to lieutenant in the Prussian army. His father was very interested in trees, especially firs, and corresponded with George En ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tanga Province
Tanga Region () is one of Tanzania's 31 administrative regions. The region covers an area of . The region is comparable in size to the combined land area of the nation state of Burundi. The regional capital is the municipality of Tanga city. Located in northeast Tanzania, the region is bordered by Kenya and Kilimanjaro Region to the north; Manyara Region to the west; and Morogoro and Pwani Regions to the south. It has a coastline to the east with the Indian Ocean. According to the 2022 national census, the region had a population of 2,615,597. History The most noteworthy feature of Tanga's history is its sovereignty. The earliest inhabitants were the Bantu, who broke into several ethnic groups: the Sambaa, Digo, Bondei, Nguu, Segeju and Zigua communities. In the Middle Ages the Swahili settled into city-states like Tongoni and Mshembo and Pangani on the Tangan coast. After the decline of the Swahili states in the 17th century, the region came under the Shambaa Kingdom of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Usambara Mountains
The Usambara Mountains of northeastern Tanzania in tropical East Africa, comprise the easternmost ranges of the Eastern Arc Mountains. The ranges are approximately long and about half that wide, and they are situated in the Lushoto District of the Tanga Region. They were formed nearly two million years ago by faulting and uplifting, and are composed of Precambrian metamorphic rocks. They are split into two sub-ranges; the West Usambaras being higher than the East Usambaras, which are nearer the coast and receive more rainfall. The mountains are clad in virgin tropical rainforest which has been isolated for a long period and they are a centre of endemism. Historically they were inhabited by Bantu, Shambaa, and Maasai people but in the eighteenth century, a Shambaa kingdom was founded by Mbegha. The kingdom eventually fell apart after a succession struggle in 1862. German colonists settled in the area which was to become German East Africa, and after World War I it became ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eastern Arc Mountains
The Eastern Arc Mountains are a chain of mountains found in Kenya and Tanzania. The chain runs from northeast to southwest, with the Taita Hills being in Kenya and the other ranges being in Tanzania. They are delimited on the southwest by the fault (geology), fault complex represented by the Makambako Gap that separates them from the Kipengere Range. To the northeast, they are delimited by more recent volcanism represented by Mount Kilimanjaro. The chain is considered a tentative World Heritage Site. Mountain ranges The Eastern Arc Mountains form a roughly crescent-shaped arc and consist of: # Taita Hills # North and South Pare Mountains # East and West Usambara Mountains # Nguru Mountains # Ukaguru Mountains # Uluguru Mountains # Uvidunda Mountains # Rubeho Mountains # Malundwe Mountain # Udzungwa Mountains # Mahenge Mountains Geology These mountain ranges are the oldest in East Africa, and though physically separated from each other, share a similar geomorphology and ecology. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Violaceae
Violaceae is a family of flowering plants established in 1802, consisting of about 1000 species in about 25 genera. It takes its name from the genus '' Viola'', the violets and pansies. Older classifications such as the Cronquist system placed the Violaceae in an order named after it, the Violales or the Parietales. However, molecular phylogeny studies place the family in the Malpighiales as reflected in the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG) classification, with 41 other families, where it is situated in the parietal clade of 11 families. Most of the species are found in three large genera, '' Viola'', '' Rinorea'' and '' Hybanthus''. The other genera are largely monotypic or oligotypic. The genera are grouped into four clades within the family. The species are largely tropical or subtropical but ''Viola'' has a number of species in temperate regions. Many genera have a very restricted distribution. Description Though the best-known genus, ''Viola'', is herbaceous, mo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Violet (plant)
''Viola'', commonly known as the violets, is a genus of flowering plants in the family Violaceae. It is the largest genus in the family, containing over 680 species. Most species are found in the temperate Northern Hemisphere; however, some are also found in widely divergent areas such as Hawaii, Australasia, and the Andes. Some ''Viola'' species are perennial plants, some are annual plants, and a few are small shrubs. Many species, varieties and cultivars are grown in gardens for their ornamental flowers. In horticulture, the term pansy is normally used for those multi-colored large-flowered cultivars which are raised annually or biennially from seed and used extensively in bedding. Description ''Viola'' species can be annual or perennial, and can take the form of herbs, shrubs or very rarely treelets. In acaulescent taxa the foliage and flowers appear to rise from the ground. The remainder have short stems with foliage and flowers produced in the axils of the leaves (axil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flowers
Flowers, also known as blooms and blossoms, are the reproductive structures of flowering plants ( angiosperms). Typically, they are structured in four circular levels, called whorls, around the end of a stalk. These whorls include: calyx, modified leaves; corolla, the petals; androecium, the male reproductive unit consisting of stamens and pollen; and gynoecium, the female part, containing style and stigma, which receives the pollen at the tip of the style, and ovary, which contains the ovules. When flowers are arranged in groups, they are known collectively as inflorescences. Floral growth originates at stem tips and is controlled by MADS-box genes. In most plant species flowers are heterosporous, and so can produce sex cells of both sexes. Pollination mediates the transport of pollen to the ovules in the ovaries, to facilitate sexual reproduction. It can occur between different plants, as in cross-pollination, or between flowers on the same plant or even the same flowe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trichome
Trichomes (; ) are fine outgrowths or appendages on plants, algae, lichens, and certain protists. They are of diverse structure and function. Examples are hairs, glandular hairs, scales, and papillae. A covering of any kind of hair on a plant is an indumentum, and the surface bearing them is said to be Leaf#Surface, pubescent. Algal trichomes Certain, usually filamentous, algae have the terminal cell (biology), cell produced into an elongate hair-like structure called a trichome. The same term is applied to such structures in some cyanobacteria, such as ''Spirulina (dietary supplement), Spirulina'' and ''Oscillatoria''. The trichomes of cyanobacteria may be unsheathed, as in ''Oscillatoria'', or sheathed, as in ''Calothrix''. These structures play an important role in preventing soil erosion, particularly in cold desert climates. The filamentous sheaths form a persistent sticky network that helps maintain soil structure. Plant trichomes Plant trichomes have many diff ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
