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Role Of The Media In The Yugoslav Wars
During the Yugoslav Wars (1991–2001), propaganda was widely used in the media of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, of Croatia and (to an extent) of Bosnia. Throughout the conflicts, all sides used propaganda as a tool. The media in the former Yugoslavia was divided along ethnic lines, and only a few independent voices countered the nationalist rhetoric. Propaganda was prominently used by Slobodan Milošević and his regime in Serbia. He began his efforts to control the media in the late 1980s, and by 1991, he had successfully consolidated Radio Television of Serbia and the other Serbian media, which largely became a mouthpiece for his regime. Part of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia's indictment against Milošević charged him with having used the media for propaganda purposes. In Croatia, the media included the state's main public broadcaster, Croatian Radio and Television, and it largely came under the control of Franjo Tuđman and his party, th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yugoslav Wars
The Yugoslav Wars were a series of separate but related Naimark (2003), p. xvii. ethnic conflicts, wars of independence, and insurgencies that took place in the SFR Yugoslavia from 1991 to 2001. The conflicts both led up to and resulted from the breakup of Yugoslavia, which began in mid-1991, into six independent countries matching the six entities known as republics which previously composed Yugoslavia: Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Serbia, and North Macedonia (previously named ''Macedonia''). Yugoslavia's constituent republics declared independence due to unresolved tensions between ethnic minorities in the new countries, which fuelled the wars. While most of the conflicts ended through peace accords that involved full international recognition of new states, they resulted in a massive number of deaths as well as severe economic damage to the region. During the initial stages of the breakup of Yugoslavia, the Yugoslav People's Army (JNA) sought to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Đorđe Martinović Incident
Đorđe Martinović (also spelled ''Djordje Martinović''; sr-cyr, Ђорђе Мартиновић; 19296 September 2000) was a Serbian farmer from Kosovo who was at the centre of a notorious incident in May 1985, when he was treated for injuries caused by the insertion of a beer bottle into his anus. The Martinović affair, as it became known, turned into a ''cause célèbre'' in Serbian politics. Although the facts of the incident remained in dispute for years afterwards, it played a significant role in worsening ethnic tensions between Kosovo's Serb and Albanian population. The incident On 1 May 1985, Đorđe Martinović, a 56-year-old resident of the Kosovo town of Gjilan, arrived at the local hospital with a broken bottle wedged in his rectum. He claimed that he had been attacked by two Albanian-speaking men while he was working in his field. After being interrogated by a Yugoslav People's Army colonel, Martinović reportedly admitted that his injuries had been self-inflict ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vjesnik
''Vjesnik'' () was a Croatian state-owned daily newspaper published in Zagreb which ceased publication in April 2012. Originally established in 1940 as a wartime illegal publication of the Communist Party of Croatia, it later built and maintained a reputation as Croatia's newspaper of record during most of its post-war history. During World War II and the Nazi-allied Independent State of Croatia regime which controlled the country, the paper served as the primary media publication of the Yugoslav Partisans movement. The August 1941 edition of the paper featured the statement "'' Smrt fašizmu, sloboda narodu''" (''transl''. "Death to fascism, freedom to the people") on the cover, which was afterwards accepted as the official slogan of the entire resistance movement and was often quoted in post-war Yugoslavia. Its heyday was between 1952 and 1977 when its Wednesday edition (''Vjesnik u srijedu'' or VUS) regularly achieved circulations of 100,000 and was widely read across Yugosla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Politika
''Politika'' ( sr-Cyrl, Политика; ''Politics'') is a Serbian daily newspaper, published in Belgrade. Founded in 1904 by Vladislav F. Ribnikar, it is the oldest daily newspaper still in circulation in the Balkans. Publishing and ownership ''Politika'' is published by Politika novine i magazini (PNM), a joint venture between Politika AD and ''East Media Group''. The current director of PNM is Mira Glišić Simić. PNM also publishes: *''Sportski žurnal'' *'' Politikin zabavnik'' *''Svet kompjutera'' *''Ilustrovana politika'' *''Bazar'' Editorial history *Vladislav F. Ribnikar (1904–1915) *Miomir Milenović i Jovan Tanović (1915–1941) *Živorad Minović (1985–1991) *Aleksandar Prlja (1991–1994) *Boško Jakšić (1994) *Dragan Hadži Antić (1994–2000) *Vojin Partonić (2000–2001) *Milan Mišić (2001–2005) *Ljiljana Smajlović (2005–2008) *Radmilo Kljajić (2008) *Dragan Bujošević (2008–2013) *Ljiljana Smajlović (2013–2016) *Žarko Rakić (2016-2 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kemal Kurspahić
Kemal Kurspahić (1 December 1946 – 17 September 2021) was a Bosnian journalist. He was managing editor of The Connection Newspapers in Alexandria, Virginia and founder of the media in Democracy Institute, dedicated to promoting higher standards in journalism in post-conflict societies and countries in transition to democracy. He won broad international recognition as the Editor-in-Chief of the Bosnian daily Oslobođenje in Sarajevo, 1989-1994.Tom Gjelten, Sarajevo Daily: A City and Its Newspaper Under Siege, (Perennial, 1996) Early years Kurspahić was born in Mrkonjić Grad. He attended elementary school in Croatia and Bosnia, before completing his high school in Sanski Most during which time he began working as a freelancer writer. He earned his academic degree from the University of Belgrade's Law School. He was the editor at the Belgrade weekly Student paper during the students’ unrest in Europe in 1968 and then became sports correspondent in Belgrade and sports editor i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maggie O'Kane
Maggie O'Kane is an Irish journalist and documentary film maker. She has been most associated with ''The Guardian'' newspaper where she was a foreign correspondent who filed graphic stories from Sarajevo while it was under siege between 1992 and 1996. She also contributed to the BBC from Bosnia. She has been editorial director of GuardianFilms, the paper's film unit, since 2004. Since 2017, she has been chair of the Board of the European Press Prize. Education O'Kane received her secondary education at Loreto Convent, Balbriggan, County Dublin, Ireland at the College of Commerce (now DIT) where she completed a journalism diploma. She received a B.A. degree in Politics and History at University College Dublin before studying at the Institut des Journalistes en Europe in Paris. Career From 1982 to 1984, O'Kane worked for the ''Sunday Tribune'' in Dublin and then in 1984 to 1989 for ''RTÉ''. She then covered Eastern Europe as a freelance journalist contributing to ''The Economist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1990 Croatian Parliamentary Election
Parliamentary elections were held in the Socialist Republic of Croatia between 22 and 23 April 1990; the second round of voting occurred on 6–7 May. These were the first free, multi-party elections held in Croatia since 1938, and the first such elections for the Croatian Parliament since 1913. Voters elected candidates for 356 seats in the tri-cameral parliament; the turnout in the first round ranged between 76.56% and 84.54% for various parliamentary chambers. In the second round, the turnout was 74.82%. The Croatian Democratic Union (HDZ) won 205 seats, ousted the League of Communists of Croatia – Party of Democratic Reform (SKH-SDP) from power and ended 45 years of communist rule in Croatia. The new parliament convened for the first time on 30 May, elected Franjo Tuđman as President of the Croatian Presidency and soon after renamed the office to President of Croatia. The election took place during a political crisis within the Yugoslav federation, the disintegration of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Franjo Tudjman
Franjo is a Croatian masculine given name. In Croatia, the name Franjo was among the top ten most common masculine given names in the decades up to 1949. Notable people with the name include: *Franjo Arapović (born 1965), former Croatian basketball center * Franjo Babić (1908–1945), Croatian writer and journalist *Franjo Benzinger (1899–1991), Croatian pharmacist *Franjo Dijak (born 1977), Croatian actor * Franjo Bučar (1866–1946), Croatian writer and sports popularizer of Slovenian origin * Franjo Džal (1906–1945), colonel in the Independent State of Croatia's air force * Franjo Džidić (born 1939), footballer and football coach from Mostar, Bosnia and Hercegovina * Franjo Fröhlich, Yugoslav Olympic fencer *Franjo Frankopan, Croatian nobleman and Latinist *Franjo Glaser (1913–2003), Croatian football goalkeeper and football manager * Franjo Gregurić (born 1939), Croatian politician, prime minister of Croatia July 1991 to September 1992 * Franjo Hanaman (1878–194 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ustaše
The Ustaše (), also known by anglicised versions Ustasha or Ustashe, was a Croatian fascist and ultranationalist organization active, as one organization, between 1929 and 1945, formally known as the Ustaša – Croatian Revolutionary Movement ( hr, Ustaša – Hrvatski revolucionarni pokret). Its members murdered hundreds of thousands of Serbs, Jews, and Roma as well as political dissidents in Yugoslavia during World War II. The ideology of the movement was a blend of fascism, Roman Catholicism and Croatian ultranationalism. The Ustaše supported the creation of a Greater Croatia that would span the Drina River and extend to the border of Belgrade. The movement emphasized the need for a racially "pure" Croatia and promoted genocide against Serbs—due to the Ustaše's beliefs grounded in anti-Serb sentiment—and Jews and Roma via Nazi racial theory, and persecution of anti-fascist or dissident Croats and Bosniaks. The Ustaše viewed the Bosniaks as " Muslim Croats" ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yugoslav Partisans
The Yugoslav Partisans,Serbo-Croatian, Macedonian, Slovene: , or the National Liberation Army, sh-Latn-Cyrl, Narodnooslobodilačka vojska (NOV), Народноослободилачка војска (НОВ); mk, Народноослободителна војска (НОВ); sl, Narodnoosvobodilna vojska (NOV) officially the National Liberation Army and Partisan Detachments of Yugoslavia, sh-Latn-Cyrl, Narodnooslobodilačka vojska i partizanski odredi Jugoslavije (NOV i POJ), Народноослободилачка војска и партизански одреди Југославије (НОВ и ПОЈ); mk, Народноослободителна војска и партизански одреди на Југославија (НОВ и ПОЈ); sl, Narodnoosvobodilna vojska in partizanski odredi Jugoslavije (NOV in POJ) was the communist-led anti-fascist resistance to the Axis powers (chiefly Germany) in occupied Yugoslavia during World War II. Led by Josip Broz ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chetniks
The Chetniks ( sh-Cyrl-Latn, Четници, Četnici, ; sl, Četniki), formally the Chetnik Detachments of the Yugoslav Army, and also the Yugoslav Army in the Homeland and the Ravna Gora Movement, was a Kingdom of Yugoslavia, Yugoslav royalist and Serbian nationalist movement and Guerrilla warfare, guerrilla force in Axis powers, Axis-occupied Yugoslavia. Although it was not a homogeneous movement, it was led by Draža Mihailović. While it was anti-Axis in its long-term goals and engaged in marginal resistance activities for limited periods, it also engaged in tactical or selective Collaborationism, collaboration with the occupying forces for almost all of the war. The Chetnik movement adopted a policy of collaboration with regard to the Axis, and engaged in cooperation to one degree or another by establishing ''modus vivendi'' or operating as "legalised" auxiliary forces under Axis control. Over a period of time, and in different parts of the country, the movement was progre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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