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R42 (New York City Subway Car)
The R42 was a New York City Subway car model built by the St. Louis Car Company between 1969 and 1970 for the IND/BMT B Division. There were 400 cars in the R42 fleet, numbered 4550–4949. It was the last B Division car built for the New York City Subway until the R143 in 2001, and the last car model class to be built in married pairs. The first R42 cars entered service on May 9, 1969. Various modifications were made over the years to the R42 fleet. In the late 1980s, the R42 cars were rebuilt by Morrison–Knudsen and the Coney Island Rapid Transit Car Overhaul Shop. The R160 order was to replace all R42s in the late 2000s, but 50 cars of the original fleet remained, when it was decided to retire the NYCT R44s instead. The R179 order replaced the remainder of the R42s in the late 2010s. The R42s temporarily resumed service from January 8 through 24 in 2020 when the R179s were pulled from service. The final train of R42s ran in passenger service on February 12, 2020. A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
J (New York City Subway Service)
The J Nassau Street Local and Z Nassau Street Express are two rapid transit services in the B Division (New York City Subway), B Division of the New York City Subway. Their route emblems, or "bullets", are colored since they use the BMT Nassau Street Line in Lower Manhattan. The J operates 24 hours daily, while the Z, operating as the rush hour variant to the J, operates during weekday rush hours in the peak direction only; both services operate between Jamaica Center–Parsons/Archer (Archer Avenue Lines), Jamaica Center–Parsons Boulevard/Archer Avenue in Jamaica, Queens, and Broad Street (BMT Nassau Street Line), Broad Street in Lower Manhattan. When the Z operates, the two services form a skip-stop pair between Sutphin Boulevard–Archer Avenue–JFK Airport (Archer Avenue Lines), Sutphin Boulevard–JFK and Myrtle Avenue (BMT Jamaica Line), Myrtle Avenue/Broadway and also makes express stops between Myrtle and Marcy Avenue (BMT Jamaica Line), Marcy Avenues in Brooklyn. Wee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Twin Unit
A twin unit, twinset, or double unit is a set of two railroad Railway car, cars or locomotives which are permanently coupled and treated as if they were a single unit. A twinset of cars or coaches can also be called a twin car. In US passenger railroad parlance, twin units are also known as married pairs. On passenger railroads, light rail, and monorail services, married pairs may have machinery necessary for full operation of the cars split between them. Items that are typically shared include transformers, motor controllers, dynamic braking grids, cabs, current collectors, batteries, and air compressors. This provides significant savings in both cost of equipment and weight, which increases performance and decreases energy consumption. The Operating cost, cost of operating such a pair may be slightly higher when the extra car in such a pair is not needed to meet level-of-service demands at a particular time. See also * Cow–calf * Multiple unit References Rolling s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flywheel Energy Storage
Flywheel energy storage (FES) works by accelerating a rotor (flywheel) to a very high speed and maintaining the energy in the system as rotational energy. When energy is extracted from the system, the flywheel's rotational speed is reduced as a consequence of the principle of conservation of energy; adding energy to the system correspondingly results in an increase in the speed of the flywheel. Most FES systems use electricity to accelerate and decelerate the flywheel, but devices that directly use mechanical energy are being developed.Torotrak Toroidal variable drive CVT , retrieved June 7, 2007. Advanced FES systems have rotors made of high strength carbon-fiber composites, suspended by magnetic bearings, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
California
California () is a U.S. state, state in the Western United States that lies on the West Coast of the United States, Pacific Coast. It borders Oregon to the north, Nevada and Arizona to the east, and shares Mexico–United States border, an international border with the Mexico, Mexican state of Baja California to the south. With almost 40million residents across an area of , it is the List of states and territories of the United States by population, largest state by population and List of U.S. states and territories by area, third-largest by area. Prior to European colonization of the Americas, European colonization, California was one of the most culturally and linguistically diverse areas in pre-Columbian North America. European exploration in the 16th and 17th centuries led to the colonization by the Spanish Empire. The area became a part of Mexico in 1821, following Mexican War of Independence, its successful war for independence, but Mexican Cession, was ceded to the U ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Los Angeles
Los Angeles, often referred to by its initials L.A., is the List of municipalities in California, most populous city in the U.S. state of California, and the commercial, Financial District, Los Angeles, financial, and Culture of Los Angeles, cultural center of Southern California. With an estimated 3,878,704 residents within the city limits , it is the List of United States cities by population, second-most populous in the United States, behind only New York City. Los Angeles has an Ethnic groups in Los Angeles, ethnically and culturally diverse population, and is the principal city of a Metropolitan statistical areas, metropolitan area of 12.9 million people (2024). Greater Los Angeles, a combined statistical area that includes the Los Angeles and Riverside–San Bernardino metropolitan areas, is a sprawling metropolis of over 18.5 million residents. The majority of the city proper lies in Los Angeles Basin, a basin in Southern California adjacent to the Pacific Ocean in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Garrett AiResearch
Garrett AiResearch was a manufacturer of turboprop engines and turbochargers, and a pioneer in numerous aerospace technologies. It was previously known as Aircraft Tool and Supply Company, Garrett Supply Company, AiResearch Manufacturing Company, or simply AiResearch. In 1964, Garrett AiResearch merged with Signal Oil & Gas, to form a company renamed in 1968 to Signal Companies. In 1985, it merged with Allied Corporation, forming AlliedSignal. In 1999 AlliedSignal acquired Honeywell and adopted the Honeywell name. Founding years John Clifford "Cliff" Garrett founded a company in Los Angeles in 1936 which came to be known as Garrett AiResearch or simply AiResearch. The company was first named Aircraft Tool and Supply Company. In early 1937, it was renamed as Garrett Supply Company. In 1939, it became AiResearch and shortly thereafter AiResearch Manufacturing Company, which then became a division within the Garrett Corporation. Already operating his Garrett Supply and Airsuppl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
R46 (New York City Subway Car)
The R46 is a New York City Subway car model that was built by the Pullman Company, Pullman Standard Company from 1975 to 1978 for the Independent Subway System, IND/Brooklyn–Manhattan Transit Corporation, BMT B Division (New York City Subway), B Division. They replaced all remaining R1–9 fleet cars and General Electric-powered R16 (New York City Subway car), R16s, and some R10 (New York City Subway car), R10s. The R46 order initially consisted of 754 single cars, each long, and was the largest single order of passenger cars in United States railroad history at the point of the fleet's completion. The R46 was the second order of 75-foot cars to be ordered for the New York City Subway, after the R44 (New York City Subway car), R44s. The first R46s ran in passenger service on July 14, 1975. The fleet was initially slated to be delivered between 1973 and 1975, but a strike at Pullman's factory delayed final deliveries until 1978. Several hundred cracks were found in the R46 tru ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
R62 (New York City Subway Car)
The R62 is a New York City Subway car model built between 1983 and 1985 by Kawasaki Heavy Industries Rolling Stock Company, Kawasaki Heavy Industries in Kobe, Japan, for the A Division (New York City Subway), A Division. A total of 325 cars were built, originally as single units. When the reliability of the fleet improved, they were converted to five-car sets. The cars replaced the remaining R12 (New York City Subway car), R12s, R14 (New York City Subway car), R14s, and R15 (New York City Subway car), R15s, which were all retired by the end of 1984. The R62 was the first order of A Division cars in 20 years (following the R36 (New York City Subway car), R36 order from 1963), and the first stainless steel subway car built for the A Division. The first cars entered revenue service testing on November 29, 1983, and officially entered service on May 7, 1984. The R62s are scheduled to remain in service until the late-2020s, when they will be replaced with the R262 (New York City Subw ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
R40 (New York City Subway Car)
The R40 was a New York City Subway car model built by the St. Louis Car Company from 1967 to 1969 for the Independent Subway System, IND/Brooklyn–Manhattan Transit Corporation, BMT B Division (New York City Subway), B Division. There were 400 cars in the R40 fleet, arranged in Twin unit, married pairs. Two versions of the R40 were manufactured: the original 200-car R40 order built in 1967–1968, and the supplementary 200-car R40A order built in 1968–1969, with the last 100 cars of the supplementary order re-designed with straight ends. The 200 original R40s and the first 100 R40As were unique for their futuristic 10-degree slanted end (designed by the firm Raymond Loewy, Raymond Loewy and Associates, and William Snaith Inc.) and were nicknamed the R40 Slants or simply Slants. Due to safety concerns, the final 100 cars of the R40A order were re-designed with traditional straight-ends by Sundberg-Ferar and became known unofficially as the "R40M" (M for modified). The first R40s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
R38 (New York City Subway Car)
The R38 was a New York City Subway car model built by the St. Louis Car Company from 1966 to 1967 for the Independent Subway System, IND/Brooklyn–Manhattan Transit Corporation, BMT B Division (New York City Subway), B Division. Two hundred were built in Twin unit, married pairs. In addition, the R38s were built to supply extra trains for service changes resulting from the 1967 opening of the Chrystie Street Connection. Moreover, the R38 was the first subway car fleet to have air conditioning installed. The first R38s entered service on August 23, 1966. In 1987–1988, all R38s were rebuilt by General Electric. The R160 (New York City Subway car), R160 order replaced the entire fleet of R38s, the last of which ran on March 18, 2009. After retirement, all cars but one pair, which is preserved by the New York Transit Museum, were stripped and sunken as artificial reefs. Description The R38s were numbered 3950–4149. The cars were arranged in "married pairs" of two cars semi-perma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Air Conditioning
Air conditioning, often abbreviated as A/C (US) or air con (UK), is the process of removing heat from an enclosed space to achieve a more comfortable interior temperature, and in some cases, also controlling the humidity of internal air. Air conditioning can be achieved using a mechanical 'air conditioner' or through other methods, such as passive cooling and ventilative cooling. Air conditioning is a member of a family of systems and techniques that provide Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning, heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC). Heat pumps are similar in many ways to air conditioners but use a reversing valve, allowing them to both heat and cool an enclosed space. Air conditioners, which typically use vapor-compression refrigeration, range in size from small units used in vehicles or single rooms to massive units that can cool large buildings. Air source heat pumps, which can be used for heating as well as cooling, are becoming increasingly common in cool ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
