|
Q10 (temperature Coefficient)
The ''Q''10 temperature coefficient is a measure of temperature sensitivity based on the chemical reactions. The ''Q''10 is calculated as: : Q_=\left( \frac \right )^ where; : ''R'' is the rate : ''T'' is the temperature in Celsius degrees or kelvin. : Rewriting this equation, the assumption behind ''Q''10 is that the reaction rate ''R'' depends exponentially on temperature: : R_2 = R_1 ~Q_^ ''Q''10 is a unitless quantity, as it is the factor by which a rate changes, and is a useful way to express the temperature dependence of a process. For most biological systems, the ''Q''10 value is ~ 2 to 3. In muscle performance The temperature of a muscle has a significant effect on the velocity and power of the muscle contraction, with performance generally declining with decreasing temperatures and increasing with rising temperatures. The ''Q''10 coefficient represents the degree of temperature dependence a muscle exhibits as measured by contraction rates. A ''Q''10 of 1.0 indic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Q10TemperatureCoefficientPlot
Q1 or Q-1 may refer to: * Quarter 1, as in the first quarter of a calendar year or fiscal year * first quartile in descriptive statistics * The first quarto, usually meaning the earliest published version, of one of William Shakespeare's works * Q1 (building), a residential apartment building in Surfers Paradise, Australia * DIGITAL Q1, a digital camera model (Fujifilm) * Q-1 visa, allows individuals traveling to the U.S. to participate in a cultural exchange program * ''Quake'' (video game) 1, a 1996 video game * Samsung Q1, an Ultra Mobile Personal Computer (UMPC) * Qualifying 1, or first qualifying in Formula 1 * Quran 1, ''al fātiḥah'' the 1st chapter of the Islamic Holy book Transport Air * Radioplane Q-1, an American experimental unmanned aircraft of the 1950s * The primary United States Air Force designation for a series of unmanned aerial vehicles built by General Atomics, which includes the MQ-1 Predator and the MQ-1C Warrior Road * Q1 (New York City bus) * Ro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Celsius
The degree Celsius is the unit of temperature on the Celsius scale (originally known as the centigrade scale outside Sweden), one of two temperature scales used in the International System of Units (SI), the other being the Kelvin scale. The degree Celsius (symbol: °C) can refer to a specific temperature on the Celsius scale or a unit to indicate a difference or range between two temperatures. It is named after the Swedish astronomer Anders Celsius (1701–1744), who developed a similar temperature scale in 1742. Before being renamed in 1948 to honour Anders Celsius, the unit was called ''centigrade'', from the Latin ''centum'', which means 100, and ''gradus'', which means steps. Most major countries use this scale; the other major scale, Fahrenheit, is still used in the United States, some island territories, and Liberia. The Kelvin scale is of use in the sciences, with representing absolute zero. Since 1743 the Celsius scale has been based on 0 °C for the freezing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kelvin
The kelvin, symbol K, is the primary unit of temperature in the International System of Units (SI), used alongside its prefixed forms and the degree Celsius. It is named after the Belfast-born and University of Glasgow-based engineer and physicist William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin (1824–1907). The Kelvin scale is an absolute thermodynamic temperature scale, meaning it uses absolute zero as its null (zero) point. Historically, the Kelvin scale was developed by shifting the starting point of the much-older Celsius scale down from the melting point of water to absolute zero, and its increments still closely approximate the historic definition of a degree Celsius, but since 2019 the scale has been defined by fixing the Boltzmann constant to be exactly . Hence, one kelvin is equal to a change in the thermodynamic temperature that results in a change of thermal energy by . The temperature in degree Celsius is now defined as the temperature in kelvins minus 273.15, mea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Q10 Graphs
Q1 or Q-1 may refer to: * Quarter 1, as in the first quarter of a calendar year or fiscal year * first quartile in descriptive statistics * The first quarto, usually meaning the earliest published version, of one of William Shakespeare's works * Q1 (building), a residential apartment building in Surfers Paradise, Australia * DIGITAL Q1, a digital camera model (Fujifilm) * Q-1 visa, allows individuals traveling to the U.S. to participate in a cultural exchange program * ''Quake'' (video game) 1, a 1996 video game * Samsung Q1, an Ultra Mobile Personal Computer (UMPC) * Qualifying 1, or first qualifying in Formula 1 * Quran 1, ''al fātiḥah'' the 1st chapter of the Islamic Holy book Transport Air * Radioplane Q-1, an American experimental unmanned aircraft of the 1950s * The primary United States Air Force designation for a series of unmanned aerial vehicles built by General Atomics, which includes the MQ-1 Predator and the MQ-1C Warrior Road * Q1 (New York City bus) * R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arrhenius Equation
In physical chemistry, the Arrhenius equation is a formula for the temperature dependence of reaction rates. The equation was proposed by Svante Arrhenius in 1889, based on the work of Dutch chemist Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff who had noted in 1884 that the van 't Hoff equation for the temperature dependence of equilibrium constants suggests such a formula for the rates of both forward and reverse reactions. This equation has a vast and important application in determining the rate of chemical reactions and for calculation of energy of activation. Arrhenius provided a physical justification and interpretation for the formula. Laidler, K. J. (1987) ''Chemical Kinetics'', Third Edition, Harper & Row, p. 42 Currently, it is best seen as an empirical relationship.Kenneth Connors, Chemical Kinetics, 1990, VCH Publishers It can be used to model the temperature variation of diffusion coefficients, population of crystal vacancies, creep rates, and many other thermally-induced proces ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arrhenius Plot
In chemical kinetics, an Arrhenius plot displays the logarithm of a reaction rate constant, ordinate axis) plotted against reciprocal of the temperature abscissa). Arrhenius plots are often used to analyze the effect of temperature on the rates of chemical reactions. For a single rate-limited thermally activated process, an Arrhenius plot gives a straight line, from which the activation energy and the pre-exponential factor can both be determined. The Arrhenius equation can be given in the form :k = A \exp\left(\frac\right) = A \exp\left(\frac\right) , where :k = rate constant :A = pre-exponential factor :E_\text = (molar) activation energy :R = gas constant, (R=k_\text N_\text, where N_\text is the Avogadro constant). :E_\text' = activation energy (for a single reaction event) :k_\text = Boltzmann constant :T = absolute temperature The only difference between the two forms of the expression is the quantity used for the activation energy: the former would have the unit joule/ mo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Isotonic (exercise Physiology)
In an isotonic contraction, tension remains the same, whilst the muscle's length changes. Isotonic contractions differ from isokinetic contractions in that in isokinetic contractions the muscle speed remains constant. While superficially identical, as the muscle's force changes via the length-tension relationship during a contraction, an isotonic contraction will keep force constant while velocity changes, but an isokinetic contraction will keep velocity constant while force changes. A near isotonic contraction is known as Auxotonic contraction. There are two types of isotonic contractions: (1) concentric and (2) eccentric. In a concentric contraction, the muscle tension rises to meet the resistance, then remains the same as the muscle shortens. In eccentric, the muscle lengthens due to the resistance being greater than the force the muscle is producing. Concentric This type is typical of most exercise. The external force on the muscle is less than the force the muscle is gene ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Isometric Exercise
An isometric exercise is a form of exercise involving the static contraction of a muscle without any visible movement in the angle of the joint. The term "isometric" combines the Greek words ''isos'' (equal) and ''-metria'' (measuring), meaning that in these exercises the length of the muscle and the angle of the joint do not change, though contraction strength may be varied. This is in contrast to '' isotonic contractions'', in which the contraction strength does not change, though the muscle length and joint angle do. The three main types of isometric exercise are isometric presses, pulls, and holds. They may be included in a strength training regime in order to improve the body’s ability to apply power from a static position or, in the case of isometric holds, improve the body’s ability to maintain a position for a period of time. Considered as an action, isometric presses are also of fundamental importance to the body’s ability to prepare itself to perform immediately ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Skeletal Striated Muscle
Skeletal muscles (commonly referred to as muscles) are organs of the vertebrate muscular system and typically are attached by tendons to bones of a skeleton. The muscle cells of skeletal muscles are much longer than in the other types of muscle tissue, and are often known as muscle fibers. The muscle tissue of a skeletal muscle is striated – having a striped appearance due to the arrangement of the sarcomeres. Skeletal muscles are voluntary muscles under the control of the somatic nervous system. The other types of muscle are cardiac muscle which is also striated and smooth muscle which is non-striated; both of these types of muscle tissue are classified as involuntary, or, under the control of the autonomic nervous system. A skeletal muscle contains multiple fascicles – bundles of muscle fibers. Each individual fiber, and each muscle is surrounded by a type of connective tissue layer of fascia. Muscle fibers are formed from the fusion of developmental myoblasts in a pro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tetanic Contraction
A tetanic contraction (also called tetanized state, tetanus, or physiologic tetanus, the latter to differentiate from the disease called tetanus) is a sustained muscle contraction evoked when the motor nerve that innervates a skeletal muscle emits action potentials at a very high rate. During this state, a motor unit has been maximally stimulated by its motor neuron and remains that way for some time. This occurs when a muscle's motor unit is stimulated by multiple impulses at a sufficiently high frequency. Each stimulus causes a twitch. If stimuli are delivered slowly enough, the tension in the muscle will relax between successive twitches. If stimuli are delivered at high frequency, the twitches will overlap, resulting in tetanic contraction. A tetanic contraction can be either ''unfused (incomplete) or fused (complete)''. An unfused tetanus is when the muscle fibers do not completely relax before the next stimulus because they are being stimulated at a fast rate; however there is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ecological Metrics
Ecology () is the study of the relationships between living organisms, including humans, and their physical environment. Ecology considers organisms at the individual, population, community, ecosystem, and biosphere level. Ecology overlaps with the closely related sciences of biogeography, evolutionary biology, genetics, ethology, and natural history. Ecology is a branch of biology, and it is not synonymous with environmentalism. Among other things, ecology is the study of: * The abundance, biomass, and distribution of organisms in the context of the environment * Life processes, antifragility, interactions, and adaptations * The movement of materials and energy through living communities * The successional development of ecosystems * Cooperation, competition, and predation within and between species * Patterns of biodiversity and its effect on ecosystem processes Ecology has practical applications in conservation biology, wetland management, natural resource management (a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
.jpg "Click for more on -> Ecological Metrics")