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Quine
Quine may refer to: * Quine (computing), a program that produces its source code as output * Quine's paradox, in logic * Quine (surname), people with the surname ** Willard Van Orman Quine (1908–2000), American philosopher and logician See also * Quine–McCluskey algorithm, an algorithm used for logic minimization * Duhem–Quine thesis In philosophy of science, the Duhem–Quine thesis, also called the Duhem–Quine problem, says that unambiguous falsifications of a scientific hypothesis are impossible, because an empirical test of the hypothesis requires one or more back ... or Duhem–Quine problem, in philosophy of science * Quine–Putnam indispensability argument, in the philosophy of mathematics {{disambiguation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Willard Van Orman Quine
Willard Van Orman Quine ( ; known to his friends as "Van"; June 25, 1908 – December 25, 2000) was an American philosopher and logician in the analytic tradition, recognized as "one of the most influential philosophers of the twentieth century". He was the Edgar Pierce Chair of Philosophy at Harvard University from 1956 to 1978. Quine was a teacher of logic and set theory. He was famous for his position that first-order logic is the only kind worthy of the name, and developed his own system of mathematics and set theory, known as New Foundations. In the philosophy of mathematics, he and his Harvard colleague Hilary Putnam developed the Quine–Putnam indispensability argument, an argument for the Philosophy of mathematics#Empiricism, reality of mathematical entities.Colyvan, Mark"Indispensability Arguments in the Philosophy of Mathematics" The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2004 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.). He was the main proponent of the view that philosophy is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Quine (computing)
A quine is a computer program that takes no input and produces a copy of its own source code as its only output. The standard terms for these programs in the computability theory and computer science literature are "self-replicating programs", "self-reproducing programs", and "self-copying programs". A quine is a Fixed point (mathematics), fixed point of an execution environment, when that environment is viewed as a Function (mathematics), function transforming programs into their outputs. Quines are possible in any Turing completeness, Turing-complete programming language, as a direct consequence of Kleene's recursion theorem. For amusement, programmers sometimes attempt to develop the shortest possible quine in any given programming language. Name The name "quine" was coined by Douglas Hofstadter, in his popular 1979 science book ''Gödel, Escher, Bach'', in honor of philosopher Willard Van Orman Quine (1908–2000), who made an extensive study of indirect self-reference, an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Quine–McCluskey Algorithm
The Quine–McCluskey algorithm (QMC), also known as the method of prime implicants, is a method used for minimization of Boolean functions that was developed by Willard V. Quine in 1952 and extended by Edward J. McCluskey in 1956. As a general principle this approach had already been demonstrated by the logician Hugh McColl in 1878, was proved by Archie Blake in 1937, and was rediscovered by Edward W. Samson and Burton E. Mills in 1954 and by Raymond J. Nelson in 1955. Also in 1955, Paul W. Abrahams and John G. Nordahl as well as Albert A. Mullin and Wayne G. Kellner proposed a decimal variant of the method. The Quine–McCluskey algorithm is functionally identical to Karnaugh mapping, but the tabular form makes it more efficient for use in computer algorithms, and it also gives a deterministic way to check that the minimal form of a Boolean F has been reached. It is sometimes referred to as the tabulation method. The Quine-McCluskey algorithm works as follows: # Finding ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Duhem–Quine Thesis
In philosophy of science, the Duhem–Quine thesis, also called the Duhem–Quine problem, says that unambiguous falsifications of a scientific hypothesis are impossible, because an empirical test of the hypothesis requires one or more background assumptions. Rather than disproving the main hypothesis, the blame can be placed on one of the background beliefs or "auxiliary" hypotheses.: "The physicist can never subject an isolated hypothesis to experimental test, but only a whole group of hypotheses" (Duhem)... "Duhem denies that unambiguous falsification procedures do exist in science." It is named after French theoretical physicist Pierre Duhem and American logician Willard Van Orman Quine, who wrote about similar concepts. In recent decades, the set of associated assumptions supporting a thesis sometimes is called a bundle of hypotheses, i.e. a hypothesis and its background assumptions. Although a bundle of hypotheses as a whole can be tested against the empirical world a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Quine's Paradox
Quine's paradox is a paradox concerning truth values, stated by Willard Van Orman Quine. It is related to the liar paradox as a problem, and it purports to show that a sentence can be paradoxical even if it is not self-referring and does not use demonstratives or indexicals (i.e. it does not explicitly refer to itself). The paradox can be expressed as follows: :"yields falsehood when preceded by its quotation" yields falsehood when preceded by its quotation. If the paradox is not clear, consider each part of the above description of the paradox incrementally: :it = ''yields falsehood when preceded by its quotation'' :its quotation = ''"yields falsehood when preceded by its quotation"'' :it preceded by its quotation = ''"yields falsehood when preceded by its quotation" yields falsehood when preceded by its quotation.'' With these tools, the description of the paradox may now be reconsidered; it can be seen to assert the following: :The statement "''yields falsehood when precede ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Quine (surname)
Quine is a Manx surname. Notable people with the surname include: * Dan Quine (born 1967) British computer scientist * Don Quine (born 1938), American actor and writer, founder of Professional Karate Association * Edgar Quine (born 1934), Manx politician * John Quine (1857-1940), Manx clergyman, scholar and writer, ''The Captain of the Parish'' * Richard Quine (1920–1989), American actor and film director * Robert Quine (1942–2004), American guitarist *Willard Van Orman Quine Willard Van Orman Quine ( ; known to his friends as "Van"; June 25, 1908 – December 25, 2000) was an American philosopher and logician in the analytic tradition, recognized as "one of the most influential philosophers of the twentieth century" ... (1908–2000), American analytic philosopher and logician * William Edward Quine (1847–1922), American physician and academic See also * Quinn (other) {{surname, Quine Surnames Surnames of Manx origin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |