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Permanent Under-Secretary At The Foreign Office
This is a list of Permanent Under-Secretaries in the British Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office (and its predecessors) since 1790. Not to be confused with Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs. Permanent Under-Secretaries at the Foreign Office, 1790 to present These are the Permanent Secretaries or senior civil servants at the Foreign Office. *February 1790: George Aust *October 1795: George Hammond (resigned 1806) *March 1807: George Hammond *October 1809: William Richard Hamilton *July 1817: Joseph Planta *April 1827: John Backhouse *1842: Henry Unwin Addington *1854: Edmund Hammond (later Lord Hammond) *1873: Lord Tenterden *1882: Sir Julian Pauncefote (later Lord Pauncefote) *1889: Sir Philip Currie (later Lord Currie) *1894: Sir Thomas Sanderson (later Lord Sanderson) *1906: Sir Charles Hardinge (later Lord Hardinge of Penshurst) *1910: Sir Arthur Nicolson (later Lord Carnock) *1916: Lord Hardinge of Penshurst *1920: Sir Eyre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
His Majesty's Government
ga, Rialtas a Shoilse gd, Riaghaltas a Mhòrachd , image = HM Government logo.svg , image_size = 220px , image2 = Royal Coat of Arms of the United Kingdom (HM Government).svg , image_size2 = 180px , caption = Royal Arms , date_established = , state = United Kingdom , address = 10 Downing Street, London , leader_title = Prime Minister (Rishi Sunak) , appointed = Monarch of the United Kingdom (Charles III) , budget = 882 billion , main_organ = Cabinet of the United Kingdom , ministries = 23 ministerial departments, 20 non-ministerial departments , responsible = Parliament of the United Kingdom , url = The Government of the United Kingdom (commonly referred to as British Government or UK Government), officially His Majesty's Government (abbreviated to HM Government), is the central executive authority of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thomas Sanderson, 1st Baron Sanderson
Thomas Henry Sanderson, 1st Baron Sanderson (11 January 1841 – 21 March 1923) was a British civil servant. He was Permanent Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs between 1894 and 1906. Background and education Sanderson was born at Gunton Park, about six miles north of Aylsham, Norfolk, the second son of Richard Sanderson, Member of Parliament for Colchester from 1832 to 1847, and the Honourable Charlotte Matilda Sanderson Manners-Sutton, elder daughter of Charles Manners-Sutton, Speaker of the House of Commons from 1817 to 1835. He was educated at Eton until he was forced to leave the school in 1857 due to the poor state of his family's finances, caused by the death of his father in October of that year, and his father's business in East India failing. Career Sanderson entered the Foreign Office as a junior clerk in 1859 and was not to leave the Foreign Office until his retirement in 1906. In December 1863 Sanderson accompanied Lord Wodehouse to Berlin and Cope ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Harold Anthony Caccia, Baron Caccia
Harold Anthony Caccia, Baron Caccia, (21 December 1905 Pachmarhi, India – 31 October 1990 Builth Wells, Wales) was a British diplomat. Caccia was the son of Major Anthony Mario Felix Caccia, Conservator of the Imperial Forest Service, and his wife Fanny Theodora Birch, daughter of Azim Salvatore Birch, of Pudlicote House, Charlbury, Oxfordshire. He was educated at Summer Fields School, Eton College and Trinity College, Oxford and won a Blue at rugby union, playing at centre for Oxford in the Varsity match in 1926. He played cricket for Oxfordshire in the Minor Counties Championship between 1928 and 1938. In 1932 he married Anne Catherine Barstow, daughter of Sir George Barstow and Enid Lillian Lawrence. Caccia entered the diplomatic service in 1929 and was posted to Peking and then to Athens and London where, in 1936, he became assistant private secretary to Anthony Eden. He was back in Athens early in World War II, but was then attached to the staff of Harold Macmillan, B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frederick Robert Hoyer Millar, 1st Baron Inchyra
Frederick Robert Hoyer Millar, 1st Baron Inchyra (6 June 1900 – 16 October 1989), was a British diplomat who served as Ambassador to West Germany from 1955 to 1956. Background and early career The son of Robert Hoyer Millar, he was educated at Wellington and New College, Oxford. Millar entered the Diplomatic Service in 1923, becoming Second Secretary in 1928 and First Secretary in 1935. He served in various capacities at the British embassies in Berlin, Paris and Cairo and at the Foreign Office. From 1934 to 1938 he was Assistant Private Secretary to the Foreign Secretary (Sir John Simon, Sir Samuel Hoare and Anthony Eden respectively). Senior diplomatic appointments During the Second World War he served chiefly at the British embassy in Washington D.C., where he was also Minister Plenipotentiary from 1948 to 1950. Millar was also the United Kingdom Deputy at the North Atlantic Council from 1950 to 1952 and its Representative thereon from 1952 to 1953. The latter year Millar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Donald Gainer
Sir Donald Gainer (18 October 1891 – 30 July 1966) was a British diplomat who was successively Ambassador to Venezuela, Brazil and Poland. Career Donald St Clair Gainer was educated at Charterhouse and then in Germany and France. He joined the British Consular Service in 1915 and was vice-consul successively in several towns in Norway (Narvik, Vardø, Christianssand, Tromsø, Bergen), then in Havana where he was chargé d'affaires between ambassadors. After serving at Rotterdam and Munich he was sent in 1929 to set up a new consular post at Breslau (now Wrocław, western Poland). He was Consul-General in Mexico 1931–32, then at Munich 1932–38 and Vienna 1938–39. The German government (which annexed Austria in 1938) expelled Gainer in 1939 in a tit-for-tat reprisal for the expulsion of the German consul at Liverpool. Gainer was appointed Minister to Venezuela in 1939 and promoted to Ambassador in 1944. A few weeks later he was appointed ambassador to Brazil. He left Bra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ivone Kirkpatrick
Sir Ivone Augustine Kirkpatrick, (3 February 1897 – 25 May 1964) was a British diplomat who served as the British High Commissioner in Germany after World War II, and as the Permanent Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, the highest-ranking civil servant in the Foreign Office. Early life and family Kirkpatrick was born on 3 February 1897 in Wellington, India, the elder son of Colonel Ivone Kirkpatrick (1860–1936) of the South Staffordshire Regiment, and his wife, Mary Hardinge (d. 1931), daughter of General Sir Arthur Edward Hardinge, later Commander-in-Chief, Bombay Army, and Governor of Gibraltar. His father was a descendant of a Scottish family that settled in Ireland during the eighteenth century. His mother was former Maid of Honour to Queen Victoria, and her grandfather Henry Hardinge, 1st Viscount Hardinge, served in the cabinets of Wellington and Peel, and was later governor-general of India in 1844–1848. Her first cousin Charles Hardinge, 1st Bar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Strang, 1st Baron Strang
William Strang, 1st Baron Strang (2 January 1893 – 27 May 1978) was a British diplomat who served as a leading adviser to the British Government from the 1930s to the 1950s and as Permanent Under-Secretary at the Foreign Office from 1949 to 1953. Early life and education Strang was the eldest son of James Strang, a farmer, and his wife Margaret Steven, daughter of William Steven. He was educated at Palmer's School, University College, London and at the Sorbonne. Military and diplomatic career Strang was commissioned into the Worcestershire Regiment in 1915 and served in the First World War. He ended the war as a Captain. In 1919, he joined the Diplomatic Service and served at the British embassy in Belgrade from 1919 to 1922, at the Foreign Office from 1922 to 1930 and at the embassy in Moscow from 1930 to 1933. During his time in Moscow he played an important role in the Metro-Vickers engineers trial, in which six British engineers were accused of spying. He returned to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orme Sargent
Sir Harold Orme Garton Sargent (31 October 1884 – 23 October 1962) was a British diplomat and civil servant. Early life and career Sargent was born Giles Orme Sargent; his parents changed his name after they registered his birth. He was educated at Radley College, then in Switzerland, and prepared for the Diplomatic Service. He entered the Foreign Office in 1906. Diplomat Sargent was at the British legation in Berne from 1917 to 1919 when he was posted to Paris with the British delegation to the Paris Peace Conference. " he ambassadors'discussions ranged over all the problems of Europe, and gave Sargent a memorable introduction to many of the new influences, hopes and fears occasioned by the disintegration of pre-1914 Europe."Obituary: Sir Orme Sargent – A Leading Expert On Europe, ''The Times'', London, 24 October 1962, page 15 He remained in Paris until 1925, when he returned to London and thereafter refused to go abroad again. In 1926, with the rank of counsellor, he was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander Cadogan
Sir Alexander Montagu George Cadogan (25 November 1884 – 9 July 1968) was a British diplomat and civil servant. He was Permanent Under-Secretary for Foreign Affairs from 1938 to 1946. His long tenure of the Permanent Secretary's office makes him one of the central figures of British policy before and during the Second World War. His diaries are a source of great value and give a sharp sense of the man and his life. Like most senior officials at the Foreign Office, he was bitterly critical of the appeasement policies of the 1930s but admitted that until British rearmament was better advanced, there were few other options. In particular, he stressed that without an American commitment to joint defence against Japan, Britain would be torn between the eastern and western spheres. Conflict with Germany would automatically expose Britain's Asian Empire to Japanese aggression. Background and education Cadogan was brought up in a distinguished and wealthy aristocratic family as the se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert Vansittart, 1st Baron Vansittart
Robert Gilbert Vansittart, 1st Baron Vansittart, (25 June 1881 – 14 February 1957), known as Sir Robert Vansittart between 1929 and 1941, was a senior British diplomat in the period before and during the Second World War. He was Principal Private Secretary to the Prime Minister from 1928 to 1930 and Permanent Under-Secretary at the Foreign Office from 1930 to 1938 and later served as Chief Diplomatic Adviser to the British Government. He is best remembered for his opposition to appeasement and his strong stance against Germany during and after the Second World War. Vansittart was also a published poet, novelist and playwright. Background and education Vansittart was born at Wilton House, Farnham, Surrey, the eldest of the three sons of Robert Arnold Vansittart, of Foots Cray Place, Kent, a Captain in the 7th Dragoon Guards, by his wife Susan Alice Blane, third daughter of Gilbert James Blane,Williams, E. T., Palmer, Helen M. ''The Dictionary of National Biography 1951–1960 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ronald Lindsay
Sir Ronald Charles Lindsay (3 May 1877 – 21 August 1945) was a British civil servant and diplomat. He was Ambassador to Turkey from 1925 to 1926 and to Germany from 1926 to 1928, Permanent Under-Secretary for Foreign Affairs from 1928 to 1930 and Ambassador to the United States from 1930 to 1939. Background and education Lindsay was the fifth son of James Lindsay, 26th Earl of Crawford, by Emily Florence Bootle-Wilbraham. David Lindsay, 27th Earl of Crawford, was his elder brother and his maternal grandfather was Colonel the Honourable Edward Bootle-Wilbraham (second son of Edward Bootle-Wilbraham, 1st Baron Skelmersdale). He was educated at the Winchester School in Winchester, Hampshire. Career Lindsay was appointed Third Secretary in the Diplomatic Service in January 1901, and advanced to First Secretary in 1911. From 1913 to 1919 he was Under-Secretary of Finance for Egypt, and was made a Grand Officer of the Order of the Nile by the Sultan of Egypt in 1915. From 1919 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William George Tyrrell, 1st Baron Tyrrell
William George Tyrrell, 1st Baron Tyrrell, (17 August 1866 – 14 March 1947) was a British civil servant and diplomat. He was Permanent Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs between 1925 and 1928 and British Ambassador to France from 1928 to 1934. Background and education Tyrrell, grandson of an Indian princess, was educated in Germany (he spoke fluent German) and at Balliol College, Oxford. Career Tyrrell served in the Foreign Office from 1889 to 1928. He was private secretary to the Permanent Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs Thomas Sanderson from 1896 to 1903 and then secretary to the Committee of Imperial Defence from 1903 to 1904 before being appointed as second secretary at the British embassy in Rome. He returned firstly as precis-writer from 1905 to 1907 and later, with Louis Mallet, as private secretary to Sir Edward Grey from 1907 to 1915. Tyrrell supported the '' Entente Cordiale'' with France and did not think a ''rapprochement'' with Imperial Ger ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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