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Peridynamics
Peridynamics is a Nonlocal operator, non-local formulation of continuum mechanics that is oriented toward deformation (engineering), deformations with discontinuities, especially fractures. Originally, ''bond-based'' peridynamic was introduced, wherein, internal interaction forces between a material point and all the other ones with which it can interact, are modeled as a central Force field (chemistry), force field. This type of force field can be imagined as a mesh of bonds connecting each point of the body with every other interacting point within a certain distance which depends on a material property, called the ''peridynamic horizon''. Later, to overcome bond-based framework limitations for the material Poisson's ratio, Poisson's ratio (1/3 for plane stress and 1/4 for Infinitesimal strain theory, plane strain in two-dimesional configurations; 1/4 for three-dimensional ones), ''state-base'' peridynamics, has been formulated. Its characteristic feature is that the force exch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Fracture Mechanics
Fracture mechanics is the field of mechanics concerned with the study of the propagation of cracks in materials. It uses methods of analytical solid mechanics to calculate the driving force on a crack and those of experimental solid mechanics to characterize the material's resistance to fracture. Theoretically, the stress ahead of a sharp crack tip becomes infinite and cannot be used to describe the state around a crack. Fracture mechanics is used to characterise the loads on a crack, typically using a single parameter to describe the complete loading state at the crack tip. A number of different parameters have been developed. When the plastic zone at the tip of the crack is small relative to the crack length the stress state at the crack tip is the result of elastic forces within the material and is termed linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM) and can be characterised using the stress intensity factor K. Although the load on a crack can be arbitrary, in 1957 G. Irwin foun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |