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Penlop Of Trongsa
Penlop of Trongsa ( Dzongkha: ཀྲོང་གསར་དཔོན་སློབ་; Wylie: ''Krong-gsar dpon-slob''), also called Chhoetse Penlop ( Dzongkha: ཆོས་རྩེ་དཔོན་སློབ་; Wylie: ''Chos-rtse dpon-slob''; also spelled "Chötse"),The spelling of this title varies widely in sources because transliterations of Tibetan script and transcriptions of Tibetan phonology differ. ''Penlop'' may be spelled "pönlop" or "ponlop". ''Trongsa'' may appear as "Tongsa" or even "(b)Krongsa". ''Chotse'' may alternatively appear as "Chhotse", "Ch(h)oetse" or "Ch(h)ötse". Any combination of these variations may also contain additional hyphens or differing capitalization. is a Dzongkha title meaning "Governor of the Province of Trongsa (Chhoetse)". It is generally given to the heir apparent of the Kingdom of Bhutan. The most recent holder of the title was King Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck, who was then a prince (Dzongkha: ''dasho'', ''gyalsey''). T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Druk Gyalpo
The Druk Gyalpo (; 'Dragon King') is the head of state of the Kingdom of Bhutan. In the Dzongkha language, Bhutan is known as ''Drukyul'' which translates as "The Land of the Thunder Dragon". Thus, while kings of Bhutan are known as ''Druk Gyalpo'' ("Dragon King"), the Bhutanese people call themselves the ''Drukpa'', meaning "people of Druk (Bhutan)". The current sovereign of Bhutan is Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck, the fifth ''Druk Gyalpo''. He wears the Raven Crown, which is the official crown worn by the kings of Bhutan. He is correctly styled "''Mi'wang 'Ngada Rinpoche''" ("His Majesty") and addressed "''Ngada Rimboche''" ("Your Majesty"). King Jigme Khesar was the second-youngest reigning monarch in the world when he ascended the throne on 1 November 2008 after his father, Jigme Singye Wangchuck, abdicated the throne in his favour. Duties and powers The Constitution confirms the institution of monarchy. The Druk Gyalpo (King of Bhutan) is the head of state and th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duke
Duke is a male title either of a monarch ruling over a duchy, or of a member of royalty, or nobility. As rulers, dukes are ranked below emperors, kings, grand princes, grand dukes, and sovereign princes. As royalty or nobility, they are ranked below princess nobility and grand dukes. The title comes from French ''duc'', itself from the Latin language, Latin ''dux'', 'leader', a term used in Roman Republic, republican Rome to refer to a military commander without an official rank (particularly one of Germanic peoples, Germanic or Celts, Celtic origin), and later coming to mean the leading military commander of a province. In most countries, the word ''duchess'' is the female equivalent. Following the reforms of the emperor Diocletian (which separated the civilian and military administrations of the Roman provinces), a ''dux'' became the military commander in each province. The title ''dux'', Hellenised to ''doux'', survived in the Eastern Roman Empire where it continued in sev ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dual System Of Government
The Dual System of Government is the traditional diarchal political system of Tibetan peoples whereby the Desi (temporal ruler) coexists with the spiritual authority of the realm, usually unified under a third single ruler. The actual distribution of power between institutions varied over time and location. The Tibetan term Cho-sid-nyi (; alternate spellings include ''Chhos-srid-gnyis'', ''Chhoe-sid-nyi'', and ''Chos-sid-nyi'') literally means "both Dharma and temporal," but may also be translated as "dual system of religion and politics." Because the ultimate ruler is the patron and protector of state religion, some aspects of the dual system of government may be likened to the Supreme Governance of the Church of England, or even to theocracy. However, other aspects resemble secularism, aiming to separate the doctrines of religion and politics. Under the Cho-sid-nyi, both religious and temporal authorities wield actual political power, albeit within officially separate institu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jigme Singye Wangchuck
Jigme Singye Wangchuck ( dz, འཇིགས་མེད་སེང་གེ་དབང་ཕྱུག་, ; born 11 November 1955) is a member of the House of Wangchuck who was the king of Bhutan (Druk Gyalpo) from 1972 until his abdication in favor of his eldest son, Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck, in 2006. During his reign, he advocated the use of a Gross National Happiness index to measure the well-being of citizens rather than Gross domestic product. Early life Jigme Singye Wangchuck was born in Dechencholing Palace in Thimphu, Bhutan, on 11 November 1955. to Jigme Dorji Wangchuck and '' Ashi'' Kesang Choden Wangchuck. The political officer of India stationed in Sikkim and the representative of the Sikkimese government came soon after to offer felicitations to the royal parents and to pay their respect to the newborn prince. At the age of four, sometime in 1959, the young Crown Prince received the offerings of good wishes and respects by the public, monks, and of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jigme Dorji Wangchuck
Jigme Dorji Wangchuck ( dz, འབྲུག་རྒྱལ་པོ་ འཇིགས་མེད་རྡོ་རྗེ་དབང་ཕྱུག་མཆོག་, ; 2 May 1928 – 21 July 1972) was the 3rd Druk Gyalpo of Bhutan. He began to open Bhutan to the outside world, began modernization, and took the first step towards democratization. Early life Jigme Dorji Wangchuck was born in 1928 in Thruepang Palace in Trongsa. At a young age, he was apprenticed in etiquette and leadership at the royal court of his father the King. Wangchuck was educated in a British manner in Kalimpong and went on study tours and stay to many foreign countries such as Scotland and Switzerland from where he drew inspiration to develop Bhutan with suitable adaptations. In 1943, he was appointed Trongsa '' Dronyer'' and then elevated as the 25th Paro ''Penlop'' in 1950, upon the death of the 24th Paro ''Penlop'', Tshering Penjor (1902–1949). Wangchuck married ''Ashi'' Kesang Choden Wangchuck ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jigme Wangchuck
Jigme Wangchuck ( dz, འཇིགས་མེད་དབང་ཕྱུག, ; 1905 – 30 March 1952) was the 2nd Druk Gyalpo or king of Bhutan from 26 August 1926, until his death. He pursued legal and infrastructural reform during his reign. Bhutan continued to maintain almost complete isolation from the outside world during this period; its only foreign relations were with the British Raj in India. He was succeeded by his son, Jigme Dorji Wangchuck. Early life Jigme Wangchuck was born in 1905, at the Thinley Rabten Palace in Wangdue Phodrang District. He received his education at Wangdecholing Palace, where he learned English and Hindi and received a religious education.Lham Dorji, p. 30 As the first son of Ugyen Wangchuck, Jigme was expected to succeed his father; accordingly, he was given the title Penlop of Trongsa in 1923.Lham Dorji, p. 31 Reign Jigme Wangchuck ascended to the throne in 1926, after the death of Ugyen Wangchuck; he received his formal coronation in Puna ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tsundue Pema Lhamo
Ashi Tsundue Pema Lhamo (1886–1922) was the first Queen consort of Bhutan. Early life ''Ashi'' Tsundue Pema Lhamo was born in 1886 in Kurto Khoma, as the daughter of Kunzang Thinley, 18th and 20th '' Dzongpon'' of Thimphu, and his wife, Sangay Drolma, a noble lady from Kurto Khoma. Her father, Kunzang Thinley, was a first cousin of the First Druk Gyalpo, Ugyen Wangchuck (her future husband). She has an only brother, Ugyen Thinley Dorji (1906–1949), 8th '' Gangteng Tulku''. She belonged to the Peling and the Nyö lineages. Marriage and family She married, as his fourth wife, ''Gongsar'' Ugyen Wangchuck. The wedding took place at Wangducholing Palace, Bumthang, in 1901. She was 15 years old. At first, she was called ''Maharani'' in her country. Her children with the First Druk Gyalpo were: * ''Dasho'' N. Wangchuck (1903–died in infancy). * HM The Second King (Druk Gyalpo) Jigme Wangchuck (1905–1952). * HRH Prince (Druk Gyalsey) Gyurme Dorji (1911–1933). Unmarri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Druk Gyaltsuen
The Druk Gyaltsuen (lit. Dragon Queen) is the Queen consort of the Kingdom of Bhutan. In the Dzongkha language, Bhutan is known as ''Drukyul'' which translates as "The Land of the Thunder Dragon". Thus, while Queens of Bhutan are known as ''Druk Gyaltsuen'' ("Dragon Queen"), the Bhutanese people call themselves the ''Drukpa'', meaning "Dragon people". The current Queen consort of Bhutan is Jetsun Pema Wangchuck, the 5th ''Druk Gyaltsuen''. She wears the hand-sewn silk Phoenix Crown, which is the official crown worn by the Queens of Bhutan. She also has a carved jade gold Tiara. Queen ''Ashi'' Jetsun Pema Wangchuck is the youngest consort in the world. List of Druk Gyaltsuens See also * Constitution of Bhutan * Druk * Druk Gyalpo * Dual system of government * History of Bhutan * House of Wangchuck The Wangchuck dynasty () have held the hereditary position of Druk Gyalpo ("Dragon King") of Bhutan since 1907. Prior to reunification, the Wangchuck family had governe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Rulers Of Bhutan
Bhutan was founded and unified as a country by Ngawang Namgyal, 1st Zhabdrung Rinpoche in the mid–17th century. After his death in 1651, Bhutan nominally followed his recommended "dual system of government". Under the dual system, government control was split between a secular leader, the Druk Desi (, aka ''Deb Raja'');The original title is ་; . and a religious leader, the Je Khenpo (). Both the Druk Desi and Je Khenpo were under the nominal authority of the Zhabdrung Rinpoche, a reincarnation of Ngawang Namgyal. In practice however, the Zhabdrung was often a child under the control of the Druk Desi, and regional penlops often administered their districts in defiance of the power of the Druk Desis until the rise of the unified Wangchuck dynasty in 1907. Since the rise of the unified Wangchuck family in 1907, the Druk Gyalpo (; lit. "Dragon King") have been the head of state of the Kingdom of Bhutan. Druk Desis (1650–1905) Below appears the list of Druk Desis througho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jigme Namgyal (Bhutan)
''Desi'' Jigme Namgyal of Bhutan (Dzongkha: འཇིགས་མེད་རྣམ་རྒྱལ་; , 1825–1881) is a forefather of the Wangchuck Dynasty. He served as 48th Druk Desi ( Deb Raja, the secular executive) of Bhutan (1870–1873), and held the hereditary post of 10th Penlop of Trongsa. He was called the Black Ruler. Marriage Son of '' Dasho'' Pila Gonpo Wangyal and his second wife, ''Ashi'' Sonam Pelzom, ''Desi'' Jigme Namgyal was born in 1825 at Pila Nagtshang and died in 1881 at Semtokha Dzong. He was an outstanding military commander. The qualities of loyalty, bravery, integrity and risk-taking were crucial factors in the rise of Jigme Namgyal. ''Desi'' Jigme Namgyal was from Kurtoe Dungkar, from where the ancestry of Wangchuck Dynasty originates. He was a descendant of Khedrup Kuenga Wangpo (b. 1505), the son of Tertön Pema Lingpa (1450-1521) and his second wife, ''Yum'' Bumdren, and Khedrup's consort, Wangmo, from Khadro Chodung clan, who was a desc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Druk Desi
The Druk Desi (Dzongkha: འབྲུག་སྡེ་སྲིད་; Wylie:'' 'brug sde-srid''; also called " Deb Raja")The original title is Dzongkha: སྡེ་སྲིད་ཕྱག་མཛོད་; Wylie: ''sde-srid phyag-mdzod''. was the title of the secular (administrative) rulers of Bhutan under the dual system of government between the seventeenth and nineteenth centuries. Under this system, government authority was divided among secular and religious administrations, both unified under the nominal authority of the Zhabdrung Rinpoche. '' Druk'', meaning "thunder dragon", refers symbolically to Bhutan, whose most ancient name is ''Druk-yul''. ''Desi'', meaning "regent", was the chief secular office in realms under this system of government. History In Bhutan, the office of Druk Desi was established by the Zhabdrung Rinpoche, Ngawang Namgyal in the 17th century under the dual system of government. Having fled sectarian persecution in Tibet, Ngawang Namgyal estab ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chogyal Minjur Tenpa
Chogyal Minjur Tempa (born Damchho Lhendrub in 1613) was the third Druk Desi, the secular head of Bhutan, and previously the first penlop (governor) of Trongsa (''Trongsab'') His tenure as penlop was notable for the building of a watchtower and the unification of eight Eastern Districts into the Sharchog Khorlo Tsibgye. Background ''Chogyal'' Minjur Tempa was born in 1613 in Min-Chhud, Tibet, as Damchho Lhendrub. He became a monk at an early age. He was appointed as Umzey (Chant Master) before he was appointed as the first Penlop of Trongsa by Ngawang Namgyal in 1647. As a Penlop of Trongsa, he was sent to Sharchog Khorlo Tsibgye to fight against the lords of Eastern Bhutan, which he was successful. He built many dzongs of Lhuentse, Trashigang, Jakar, and Zhemgang, and built Ta Dzong in Trongsa. Later in the year 1667, he was appointed as the 2nd Druk Desi by Ngawang Namgyal Ngawang Namgyal (later granted the honorific Zhabdrung Rinpoche, approximately "at whose feet one su ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
