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Pubenza Valley
Valle de Pubenza (es: ''Pubenza Valley'') is a high valley located between the Cordillera Central, Colombia, central and Cordillera Oriental (Colombia), eastern mountain ranges in southwestern Colombia and constitutes the hydrographic basin of the upper part of the Cauca river, which has its source in the ''Páramo de las Papas'', pours tis water into the reservoir of Salvajina. The altitude of this valley ranges from 1,550 to 1,780 meters above sea level. and it has a landscape of undulating terrain with a varied relief that presents hills, ridges, steep hills as well as broken landscapes with ravines and canyons through which numerous rivers flow that feed the Cauca River. In terms of geographic area, Pubenza is among the eleven largest inter-Andean valleys in the country. The main city of the Pubenza valley is Popayán, capital of the Cauca Department. Geology The soils originate from igneous rocks and volcanic ash; they are strongly to very strongly acidic, high in aluminum s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rio Cauca-Cauca-200dpi 2
Rio or Río is the Portuguese and Spanish word for "river". The word also exists in Italian, but is largely obsolete and used in a poetical or literary context to mean "stream". Rio, RIO or Río may also refer to: Places United States * Rio, Florida, a census-designated place * Rio, Georgia, an unincorporated community * Rio, Illinois, a village * Rio, a location in Deerpark, New York * Rio, Virginia, a community * Rio, West Virginia, a village * Rio, Wisconsin, a village * El Río, Las Piedras, Puerto Rico, a barrio Elsewhere * Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, often referred to as simply Rio * Rio, Italy, a municipality on the island of Elba in Tuscany * Rio, Greece, a community in suburban Patras People * Rio (given name) * Rio (surname) * Tina Yuzuki (born 1986), also known as Rio, Japanese AV idol Arts and entertainment Films * Rio (1939 film), ''Rio'' (1939 film), starring Basil Rathbone * Rio (franchise), ''Rio'' (franchise), a film series and related media * Rio (2011 film), ''Ri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cordillera Central, Colombia
The Cordillera Central () is the highest of the three branches of the Colombian Andes. The range extends from south to north dividing from the Colombian Massif in Cauca Department to the Serranía de San Lucas in Bolivar Departments. The highest peak is Nevado del Huila at . Significant graphite resources exists in Cordillera Central in the form of graphite-bearing schists. Geography The range is bounded by the Cauca and Magdalena river valleys to the west and east, respectively. The Cauca Valley montane forests ecoregion covers the western slope of the range. The Magdalena Valley montane forests cover the eastern slopes and the northern end of the cordillera. The Northern Andean páramo covers the highest elevations. Highest peaks * Nevado del Huila - - Cauca, Huila & Tolima * Nevado del Ruiz - - Caldas & Tolima * Nevado del Tolima - - Tolima * Nevado de Santa Isabel - - Risaralda, Tolima & Caldas * Nevado del Quindio - - Quindio, Tolima & Risaralda * Cerro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cordillera Oriental (Colombia)
The Cordillera Oriental () is the widest of the three branches of the Colombian Andes. The range extends from south to north, dividing from the Colombian Massif in Huila Department to Norte de Santander Department where it splits into the Serranía del Perijá and the Cordillera de Mérida in Venezuelan Andes. The highest peak is Ritacuba Blanco at in the Sierra Nevada del Cocuy. Geography The western part of the Cordillera Oriental belongs to the Magdalena River basin, while the eastern part includes the river basins of the Amazon River, Orinoco River, and Catatumbo River. Within it, the Altiplano Cundiboyacense and the Sierra Nevada del Cocuy (with the only snowy peaks in this mountain range) stand out. The mountain range contains the most páramos in the world. The Cordillera Oriental montane forests ecoregion An ecoregion (ecological region) is an ecological and geographic area that exists on multiple different levels, defined by type, quality, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cauca River
The Cauca River () is a river in Colombia that lies between the Occidental and Central cordilleras. From its headwaters in southwestern Colombia near the city of Popayán, it joins the Magdalena River near Magangué in Bolívar Department, and the combined river eventually flows out into the Caribbean Sea. It has a length of to its junction with the Magdalena, for a total length of . The river is under the supervision of the ''Cauca Regional Corporation'' and the ''Cauca Valley Regional Autonomous Corporation'', and is navigable for above its junction with the Magdalena. File:Rio cauca popayan.JPG File:Salvajina.jpg File:Río Cauca. Puente Anacaro (3). Cartago - Ansermanuevo, Valle, Colombia.JPG File:Río Cauca.JPG File:Puentes en La Pintada 01.jpg File:Puente de Occidente.JPG File:El río Cauca.jpg Environmental issues On November 18, 2007, Colombian newspaper '' El Tiempo'' reported that the river was receiving an average of 500 tons of residual waste a day. Pollution f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Salvajina
The Salvajina Dam and hydroelectric plant are located in the Cauca River, corregimiento Buenos Aires, municipality Suarez, department Cauca in the southwest of Colombia. Its reservoir has a length of . The dam was finished in September 1985 and has a power station with a installed capacity. The purpose of the dam is flood control, electricity production, and drinking water supply for the city of Cali. Operators and owners The regulation of water-quantities released with respect to the prevention of floods is managed by the Corporación autónoma regional del Valle del Cauca, CVC, which in case of disagreement has priority of decision. EPSA (Empresa de energía del Pacífico) has owned and operated the dam since shared by Colener S.A.S., Inversiones Argos S.A. y Banco de Inversión Bancolombia S.A Design The dam is a tall and long concrete-face rock-fill embankment dam. Its reservoir has a capacity of , while is active and is inactive space. The reservoir is long and lies ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sea Level
Mean sea level (MSL, often shortened to sea level) is an mean, average surface level of one or more among Earth's coastal Body of water, bodies of water from which heights such as elevation may be measured. The global MSL is a type of vertical datuma standardised geodetic datumthat is used, for example, as a chart datum in cartography and Navigation, marine navigation, or, in aviation, as the standard sea level at which atmospheric pressure is measured to Calibration, calibrate altitude and, consequently, aircraft flight levels. A common and relatively straightforward mean sea-level standard is instead a long-term average of tide gauge readings at a particular reference location. The term ''above sea level'' generally refers to the height above mean sea level (AMSL). The term APSL means above present sea level, comparing sea levels in the past with the level today. Earth's radius at sea level is 6,378.137 km (3,963.191 mi) at the equator. It is 6,356.752 km (3,94 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Popayán
Popayán () is the capital of the Colombian department of Cauca. It is located in the Pubenza Valley in southwestern Colombia between the Western Mountain Range and Central Mountain Range. The municipality has a population of 318,059, an area of 483 km2, is located 1760 meters above sea level, and has an average temperature of 18 °C. The town is well known for its colonial architecture and its contributions to Colombian cultural and political life. It is also known as the "white city" due to the color of most of the colonial buildings in the city center, where several churches are located, such as San Francisco, San José, Belén, Santo Domingo, San Agustín, and the Catedral Basílica Nuestra Señora de la Asunción, known locally as "La Catedral". The city's cathedral was home to the Crown of the Andes, a 16th-century Marianist devotional object featuring emeralds taken from the captured Inca Emperor Atahualpa. It was sold to finance local health care instit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cauca Department
Cauca Department (, ) is a department of Southwestern Colombia. Located in the southwestern part of the country, facing the Pacific Ocean to the west, the Valle del Cauca Department to the north, Tolima Department to the northeast, Huila Department to the east, and Nariño Department to the south. Putumayo and Caqueta Departments border the southeast portion of Cauca Department as well. It covers a total area of , the 13th largest in Colombia. Its capital is the city of Popayán. The offshore island of Malpelo belongs to the department. It is located in the southwest of the country, mainly in the Andean and Pacific regions (between 0°58′54″N and 3°19′04″N latitude, 75°47′36″W and 77°57′05″W longitude) plus a tiny part ( Piamonte) in the Amazonian region. The area makes up 2.56% of the country. Administrative Division Cauca Department is divided into 42 municipalities, 99 districts, 474 police posts and numerous villages and populated places. The m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Igneous Rock
Igneous rock ( ), or magmatic rock, is one of the three main rock types, the others being sedimentary and metamorphic. Igneous rocks are formed through the cooling and solidification of magma or lava. The magma can be derived from partial melts of existing rocks in either a planet's mantle or crust. Typically, the melting is caused by one or more of three processes: an increase in temperature, a decrease in pressure, or a change in composition. Solidification into rock occurs either below the surface as intrusive rocks or on the surface as extrusive rocks. Igneous rock may form with crystallization to form granular, crystalline rocks, or without crystallization to form natural glasses. Igneous rocks occur in a wide range of geological settings: shields, platforms, orogens, basins, large igneous provinces, extended crust and oceanic crust. Geological significance Igneous and metamorphic rocks make up 90–95% of the top of the Earth's crust by volume. Igneous rock ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Volcanic Ash
Volcanic ash consists of fragments of rock, mineral crystals, and volcanic glass, produced during volcanic eruptions and measuring less than 2 mm (0.079 inches) in diameter. The term volcanic ash is also often loosely used to refer to all explosive eruption products (correctly referred to as '' tephra''), including particles larger than 2 mm. Volcanic ash is formed during explosive volcanic eruptions when dissolved gases in magma expand and escape violently into the atmosphere. The force of the gases shatters the magma and propels it into the atmosphere where it solidifies into fragments of volcanic rock and glass. Ash is also produced when magma comes into contact with water during phreatomagmatic eruptions, causing the water to explosively flash to steam leading to shattering of magma. Once in the air, ash is transported by wind up to thousands of kilometres away. Due to its wide dispersal, ash can have a number of impacts on society, including animal a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Humidity
Humidity is the concentration of water vapor present in the air. Water vapor, the gaseous state of water, is generally invisible to the human eye. Humidity indicates the likelihood for precipitation (meteorology), precipitation, dew, or fog to be present. Humidity depends on the temperature and pressure of the system of interest. The same amount of water vapor results in higher relative humidity in cool air than warm air. A related parameter is the dew point. The amount of water vapor needed to achieve saturation increases as the temperature increases. As the temperature of a parcel of air decreases it will eventually reach the saturation point without adding or losing water mass. The amount of water vapor contained within a parcel of air can vary significantly. For example, a parcel of air near saturation may contain 8 g of water per cubic metre of air at , and 28 g of water per cubic metre of air at Three primary measurements of humidity are widely employed: abso ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spanish Conquistadors
Conquistadors (, ) or conquistadores (; ; ) were Spanish Empire, Spanish and Portuguese Empire, Portuguese colonizers who explored, traded with and colonized parts of the Americas, Africa, Oceania and Asia during the Age of Discovery. Sailing beyond the Iberian Peninsula, they established numerous Colony, colonies and trade routes, and brought much of the "New World" under the dominion of Spain and Portugal. After Christopher Columbus's arrival in the West Indies in 1492, the Spanish, usually led by Hidalgo (nobility), hidalgos from the west and south of Spain, began building a colonial empire in the Caribbean using colonies such as Captaincy General of Santo Domingo, Santo Domingo, Captaincy General of Cuba, Cuba, and Captaincy General of Puerto Rico, Puerto Rico as their main bases. From 1519 to 1521, Hernán Cortés led the Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire, ruled by Moctezuma II. From the territories of the Aztec Empire, conquistadors expanded Spanish rule to northern Ce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
