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Pleurotus Ostreatus
''Pleurotus ostreatus'' (commonly known the oyster mushroom, grey oyster mushroom, oyster fungus, hiratake, or pearl oyster mushroom). Found in temperate and subtropical forests around the world, it is a popular edible mushroom. Name Both the Latin and common names refer to the shape of the fruiting body. The Latin ''pleurotus'' (side-ear) refers to the sideways growth of the stem with respect to the cap, while the Latin ''ostreatus'' (and the English common name, oyster) refers to the shape of the cap which resembles the bivalve of the same name. The oyster reference may also derive from the slippery texture of the mushroom. Description The Pileus (mycology), cap is broad, fan or oyster-shaped, and wide. In the wild, it ranges from white to gray or brown; the margin is inrolled when young, smooth and often somewhat lobed or wavy. The Trama (mycology), flesh is white, firm, and varies in thickness due to Stipe (mycology), stipe arrangement. The stipe, if present, is up to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Nikolaus Joseph Von Jacquin
Nikolaus Joseph Freiherr von Jacquin (16 February 172726 October 1817) was a scientist who studied medicine, chemistry and botany. Biography Born in Leiden in the Netherlands, he studied medicine at Leiden University, then moved first to Paris and afterward to Vienna. In 1752, he studied under Gerard van Swieten in Vienna. Between 1755 and 1759, Jacquin was sent to the West Indies, Central America, Venezuela and New Granada by Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor, Francis I to collect plants for the Schönbrunn Palace, and amassed a large collection of animal, plant and mineral samples. In 1797, Alexander von Humboldt profited from studying these collections and conversing with Jacquin in preparation of his own journey to the Americas. In 1763, Jacquin became professor of chemistry and mineralogy at the Mining Academy (Banská Štiavnica), Bergakademie Schemnitz (now Banská Štiavnica in Slovakia). In 1768, he was appointed Professor of Botany and Chemistry and became director of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Pleurotus Eryngii
''Pleurotus eryngii'' (also known as king trumpet mushroom, French horn mushroom, eryngi, king oyster mushroom, king brown mushroom, boletus of the steppes, trumpet royale, aliʻi oyster) is an edible mushroom native to Mediterranean regions of Europe, the Middle East, and North Africa, but also grown in many parts of Asia. Taxonomy Its species name is derived from the fact that it grows in association with the roots of '' Eryngium campestre'' or other '' Eryngium'' plants (English names: 'sea holly' or 'eryngo'). ''P. eryngii'' is a species complex, and a number of varieties have been described, with differing plant associates in the carrot family (Apiaceae). * ''Pleurotus eryngii'' var. ''eryngii'' (DC.) Quél 1872 – associated with ''Eryngium'' ssp. * ''Pleurotus eryngii'' var. ''ferulae'' (Lanzi) Sacc. 1887 – associated with '' Ferula communis'' * ''Pleurotus eryngii'' var. ''tingitanus'' Lewinsohn 2002 – associated with '' Ferula tingitana'' * ''Pleurotus eryngii'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
North America
North America is a continent in the Northern Hemisphere, Northern and Western Hemisphere, Western hemispheres. North America is bordered to the north by the Arctic Ocean, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, to the southeast by South America and the Caribbean Sea, and to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean. The region includes Middle America (Americas), Middle America (comprising the Caribbean, Central America, and Mexico) and Northern America. North America covers an area of about , representing approximately 16.5% of Earth's land area and 4.8% of its total surface area. It is the third-largest continent by size after Asia and Africa, and the list of continents and continental subregions by population, fourth-largest continent by population after Asia, Africa, and Europe. , North America's population was estimated as over 592 million people in list of sovereign states and dependent territories in North America, 23 independent states, or about 7.5% of the world's popula ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Pacific Northwest
The Pacific Northwest (PNW; ) is a geographic region in Western North America bounded by its coastal waters of the Pacific Ocean to the west and, loosely, by the Rocky Mountains to the east. Though no official boundary exists, the most common conception includes the U.S. states of Oregon, Washington (state), Washington, Idaho, and the Canadian province of British Columbia. Some broader conceptions reach north into Alaska and Yukon, south into Northern California, and east into western Montana. Other conceptions may be limited to the coastal areas west of the Cascade Mountains, Cascade and Coast Mountains, Coast mountains. The Northwest Coast is the coastal region of the Pacific Northwest, and the Northwest Plateau (also commonly known as "British Columbia Interior, the Interior" in British Columbia), is the inland region. The term "Pacific Northwest" should not be confused with the Northwest Territory (also known as the Great Northwest, a historical term in the United States) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Lentinellus
''Lentinellus'' is a genus of white rot, wood decay, lamellate agaric in the family Auriscalpiaceae, further characterized in part by rough-walled, amyloid spores produced on lamellae with jagged edges. Typically, thick-walled hyphae in the fruit body are in part amyloid, and frequently the taste of the mushrooms is acrid (burning, spicy). The widespread genus has been estimated to contain 15 species. Mycologists Ronald Petersen and Karen Hughes considered 24 species in their 2004 world monograph of the genus. Classification and naming The name ''Lentinellus'' is the diminutive of '' Lentinus'', which is the generic name for another group of wood-decay fungi with rough lamellar edges. The type species and the best-known is '' L. cochleatus'', which was classified under ''Lentinus'' by Persoon in 1825. Later it was realized that the species now in ''Lentinellus'' are very different in other characteristics from the other ''Lentinus'' species, and in modern taxonomy th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Clitocybe Dealbata
''Clitocybe'' is a genus of mushrooms characterized by white, off-white, buff, cream, pink, or light-yellow spores, gills running down the stem, and pale white to brown or lilac coloration. They are primarily saprotrophic, decomposing forest ground litter. There are estimated to be around 300 species in the widespread genus. ''Clitocybe'' means ''sloping head''. A few members of the genus are considered edible; many others are poisonous, containing the toxin muscarine among others. Distinguishing individual species of ''Clitocybe'' is generally prohibitively difficult to non-experts, requiring the analysis of microscopic characters. Therefore, with the exception of a few charismatic and readily identified members, ''Clitocybe'' mushrooms are rarely collected for consumption. Taxonomy ''Clitocybe'' was originally proposed by Elias Fries in 1821 as a tribe in the genus ''Agaricus''. Friedrich Staude elevated it to generic status in 1857. Recent molecular work has shown the g ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Omphalotus Olivascens
''Omphalotus olivascens'', commonly known as the western jack-o'-lantern mushroom, is an orange to brown-colored gilled poisonous mushroom endemic to the North American west coast. It has several lookalikes including ''Cantharellus cibarius''. Taxonomy The fungus was described as new to science in 1976 by American mycologists Howard E. Bigelow, Orson K. Miller Jr., and Harry D. Thiers. A subspecies with blue flesh, ''O. olivascens'' var. ''indigo'', was described growing on live oak in Baja California, Mexico. Description The cap is wide. The stalks are long and wide. The spores are white to pale yellow. Similar species To an untrained eye, ''O. olivascens'' appears similar to ''Cantharellus cibarius'', but the jack-o'-lantern mushroom has true, blade-like gills (rather than ridges) and it can have olive coloration that chanterelles lack; also, ''Omphalotus'' species are saprotrophic, grow directly on wood, and are bioluminescent. Several ''Omphalotus'' spec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Muscarine
Muscarine, L-(+)-muscarine, or muscarin is a Secondary metabolite, natural product found in certain mushrooms, particularly in ''Inocybe'' and ''Clitocybe'' species, such as the deadly ''Clitocybe dealbata, C. dealbata''. Mushrooms in the genera ''Entoloma'' and ''Mycena'' have also been found to contain levels of muscarine which can be dangerous if ingested. Muscarine has been found in harmless trace amounts in the genera ''Boletus'', ''Hygrocybe'', ''Lactarius (fungus), Lactarius'' and ''Russula''. Trace concentrations of muscarine are also found in ''Amanita muscaria'', though the pharmacologically more relevant compound from this mushroom is the Z-drug-like alkaloid muscimol. ''A. muscaria'' basidiocarp, fruitbodies contain a variable dose of muscarine, usually around 0.0003% fresh weight. This is very low and toxicity symptoms occur very rarely. ''Inocybe'' and ''Clitocybe'' contain muscarine concentrations up to 1.6%. Muscarine is a selective agonist of the muscar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Omphalotus Nidiformis
''Omphalotus nidiformis'', or ghost fungus, is a gilled basidiomycete mushroom most notable for its bioluminescent properties. It is known to be found primarily in southern Australia and Tasmania, but was reported from India in 2012 and 2018. The fan or funnel shaped fruit bodies are up to across, with cream-coloured caps overlain with shades of orange, brown, purple, or bluish-black. The white or cream gills run down the length of the stipe, which is up to long and tapers in thickness to the base. The fungus is both saprotrophic and parasitic, and its fruit bodies are generally found growing in overlapping clusters on a wide variety of dead or dying trees. First described scientifically in 1844, the fungus has been known by several names in its taxonomic history. It was assigned its current name by Orson K. Miller, Jr. in 1994. Its epithet name is derived from the Latin ''nidus'' "nest", hence 'nest shaped'. Similar in appearance to the common edible oyster mushroom, it w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
University Of California Press
The University of California Press, otherwise known as UC Press, is a publishing house associated with the University of California that engages in academic publishing. It was founded in 1893 to publish scholarly and scientific works by faculty of the University of California, established 25 years earlier in 1868. As the publishing arm of the University of California system, the press publishes over 250 new books and almost four dozen multi-issue journals annually, in the humanities, social sciences, and natural sciences, and maintains approximately 4,000 book titles in print. It is also the digital publisher of Collabra and Luminos open access (OA) initiatives. The press has its administrative office in downtown Oakland, California, an editorial branch office in Los Angeles, and a sales office in New York City, New York, and distributes through marketing offices in Great Britain, Asia, Australia, and Latin America. A Board consisting of senior officers of the University of Cali ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Pleurocybella Porrigens
''Pleurocybella porrigens'', also known as the angel wing, is a species of fungus in the family Phyllotopsidaceae. It medium-sized fruit bodies are whitish and fan-shaped. It is a wood-decay fungus on conifer wood and is widespread in temperate forests of the Northern Hemisphere. It is suspected of being potentially deadly poisonous. Taxonomy Synonyms for the species include ''Pleurotus porrigens'', ''Phyllotus porrigens'', ''Dendrosarcus porrigens'', ''Pleurotellus porrigens'', and '' Nothopanus porrigens''. Description The mushroom species is distinguished by its fruit bodies, pure white when young and sometimes yellowing with age. The cap is about wide, shaped like a petal or a fan. The stipe is either very short or completely absent, and the flesh has a faint but pleasant smell. The gills are crowded, and decurrent if a stipe is present. The flesh is thin and fragile compared to the oyster mushrooms (''Pleurotus'' ssp.). The spore print is white. Distribution and h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Phyllotopsis Nidulans
''Phyllotopsis nidulans'', commonly known as the mock oyster or the orange oyster, is a species of fungus in the family Phyllotopsidaceae. The fungus basidiocarp, fruit body consists of a fan-shaped, light orange fuzzy pileus (mycology), cap up to wide that grows singly or in overlapping clusters. On the cap underside are crowded orange lamella (mycology), gills. Mock oyster mushrooms have an unpleasant odor and are regarded as inedible. It is widely dispersed in temperate zones of the Northern Hemisphere, where it grows on decaying wood. Taxonomy The mock oyster was first species description, described scientifically in 1798 by Christian Hendrik Persoon as ''Agaricus nidulans''. The botanical name, specific epithet ''nidulans'' means "partly encased or lying in a cavity". It is common name, commonly known as "nestcap". It is the type species of the genus ''Phyllotopsis''. Description The caps are wide. The stems are either very short or nonexistent. The flesh has a thiol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
