Pakistani Economic Crisis (2022–2024)
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Pakistani Economic Crisis (2022–2024)
Pakistan experienced an economic crisis as part of the 2022–2023 Pakistan political unrest, 2022 political unrest. It caused severe economic challenges for months, causing food, gas and oil prices to rise. As of 1 April 2025, Pakistan's inflation rate was recorded at 0.7%, the lowest in 30 years. The 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, Russian invasion of Ukraine has caused fuel prices to rise worldwide. Excessive external borrowing by the country over the years raised the spectre of default, causing the currency to fall and making imports more expensive in relative terms. By June 2022, inflation was at an all-time high, along with rising food prices. Poor governance and low productivity per capita in comparison with other low to middle-income developing countries have contributed to a Balance of payments, balance of payment crisis, where the country is unable to earn enough Foreign exchange reserves, foreign exchange to fund the imports that it consumes. Pakistan's economic cri ...
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Russian Invasion Of Ukraine
On 24 February 2022, , starting the largest and deadliest war in Europe since World War II, in a major escalation of the Russo-Ukrainian War, conflict between the two countries which began in 2014. The fighting has caused hundreds of thousands of Casualties of the Russo-Ukrainian War, military casualties and tens of thousands of Ukrainian Attacks on civilians in the Russian invasion of Ukraine, civilian casualties. As of 2025, Russian troops Russian-occupied territories of Ukraine, occupy about 20% of Ukraine. From a population of 41 million, about 8 million Ukrainians had been internally displaced and more than 8.2 million Ukrainian refugee crisis, had fled the country by April 2023, creating Europe's List of largest refugee crises, largest refugee crisis since World War II. In late 2021, Russia Prelude to the Russian invasion of Ukraine, massed troops near Ukraine's borders and December 2021 Russian ultimatum to NATO, issued demands to the Western world, West i ...
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Government Of Pakistan
The Government of Pakistan () (abbreviated as GoP), constitutionally known as the Federal Government, commonly known as the Centre, is the national authority of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, a federal republic located in South Asia, consisting of four provinces and one federal territory. The territories of Gilgit-Baltistan and Azad Kashmir are also part of the country but have separate systems and are not part of the federation. Under the Constitution, there are three primary branches of a government: ''the legislative'', whose powers are vested in a bicameral Parliament; ''the executive'', consisting of the president, aided by the Cabinet which is headed by the prime minister; and ''the judiciary'', with the Supreme Court. Effecting the Westminster system for governing the state, the government is mainly composed of the executive, legislative, and judicial branches, in which all powers are vested by the Constitution in the Parliament, the prime minister an ...
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Business Recorder
''Business Recorder'' is an English-language financial daily newspaper in Pakistan, founded by Muhammad Ahmed Zuberi in 1965. The publication is owned by the Business Recorder Group. Newspaper founder's eldest son, Wamiq Zuberi, is the editor of the newspaper, and chief executive officer of the Business Recorder Group. History ''Business Recorder'' was launched on 27 April 1965 by veteran journalist M.A. Zuberi (1920 – 12 December 2010), the newspaper's founder. He was first appointed as an apprentice reporter by Muhammad Ali Jinnah in 1945 at ''Dawn'' newspaper in Delhi. Before the creation of Pakistan in 1947, he had been promoted to the post of Senior Assistant Editor at ''Dawn'' newspaper. He continued to work in that position even in Pakistan until 1964. Then he founded his own newspaper ''Business Recorder'' in 1965 and thus became one of the pioneers of financial journalism in Pakistan. Business Recorder Group holdings Printing * Apex Printry (Pvt) Ltd ...
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Circular Debt
In Pakistan, circular debt is a public debt which is a cascade of unpaid government subsidies, which results in accumulation of debt on distribution companies. When this happens, the distribution companies cannot pay independent power producer An independent power producer (IPP) or non-utility generator (NUG) is an entity that is not a public utility but owns facilities to generate electric power for sale to utilities and end users. NUGs may be privately held facilities, corporations ...s who in turn, are unable to pay fuel-providing companies thus creating the debt effect as seen in the country. As of July 2024, the total circular debt of Pakistan was . References Debt National debt of Pakistan Economy of Pakistan Electric power in Pakistan {{Pakistan-stub ...
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The Express Tribune
''The Express Tribune'' is a daily English-language newspaper based in Pakistan. It is the flagship publication of the '' Lakson Group'' media group. It is Pakistan's only internationally affiliated newspaper in a partnership with the '' International New York Times'', the global edition of ''The New York Times''. Headquartered in Karachi, it also publishes from offices in Lahore, Islamabad, and Peshawar. History It was launched on 12 April 2010 in broadsheet format, with a news design distinctive from traditional Pakistani newspapers. Its editorial stance identifies with social liberalism, and its readership is generally on the mainstream left of Pakistani political and social opinion. Topics the newspaper covers include politics, international affairs, economics, investment, sports, and culture. It runs a glossy called ''Express Tribune Magazine'' on Sunday, which includes social commentary, interviews, and a four-page supplement with recipes, reviews, travel advice, blo ...
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Current Account (balance Of Payments)
In macroeconomics and international finance, a country's current account records the value of exports and imports of both goods and services and international transfers of capital. It is one of the two components of the balance of payments, the other being the capital account (also known as the financial account). Current account measures the nation's earnings and spendings abroad and it consists of the balance of trade, net ''primary income'' or ''factor income'' (earnings on foreign investments minus payments made to foreign investors) and net unilateral transfers, that have taken place over a given period of time. The current account balance is one of two major measures of a country's foreign trade (the other being the net capital outflow). A current account surplus indicates that the value of a country's net foreign assets (i.e. assets less liabilities) grew over the period in question, and a current account deficit indicates that it shrank. Both government and priva ...
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Foreign Policy
Foreign policy, also known as external policy, is the set of strategies and actions a State (polity), state employs in its interactions with other states, unions, and international entities. It encompasses a wide range of objectives, including defense and security, economic benefits, and humanitarian assistance. The formulation of foreign policy is influenced by various factors such as domestic considerations, the behavior of other states, and geopolitical strategies. Historically, the practice of foreign policy has evolved from managing short-term crises to addressing long-term international relations, with diplomatic corps playing a crucial role in its development. The objectives of foreign policy are diverse and interconnected, contributing to a comprehensive approach for each state. Defense and security are often primary goals, with states forming military alliances and employing soft power to combat threats. Economic interests, including trade agreements and foreign aid ...
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Imran Khan Government
The Imran Khan government was the federal cabinet of Pakistan from 20 August 2018 to 10 April 2022. It was formed by Imran Khan following general elections on 25 July 2018, which saw the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaaf come to power. The cabinet had 34 federal ministers, 7 ministers of state, 10 Advisers to the Prime Minister and 35 Special Assistants to the Prime Minister (SAPM), most of whom assumed office on 20 August 2018. The government was dissolved on 3 April 2022 following the dissolution of the National Assembly of Pakistan by the President, Arif Alvi at the behest of the Prime Minister, Imran Khan. On 7 April 2022, the Supreme Court of Pakistan ordered the restoration of the Federal Cabinet and National Assembly. On 10 April 2022 the government was defeated in a Vote of No-confidence (VONC) against Imran Khan, leading to its subsequent dissolution. Various ministers and advisors of the cabinet had previously served in the military government of Pervez Musharraf, Out of a tot ...
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Dawn (newspaper)
''Dawn'' is a Pakistani English language, English-language newspaper that was launched in British Raj, British India by Muhammad Ali Jinnah in 1941. It is the largest English newspaper in Pakistan, and is widely considered the country's newspaper of record. ''Dawn'' is the flagship publication of the Dawn Media Group, which also owns local radio station ''CityFM89'' as well as the marketing and media magazine ''Aurora''. Muhammad Ali Jinnah, Pakistan's founding father, launched the newspaper in Delhi on 26 October 1941, with the goal of establishing it as a mouthpiece for the All-India Muslim League. The first issue was printed at Latifi Press on 12 October 1942. Based in Karachi, it also maintains offices in Lahore, Peshawar, Quetta and the capital city of Islamabad, in addition to having correspondents abroad. , it has a weekday circulation of over 109,000. The newspaper's current chief editor is Zaffar Abbas. History ''Dawn'' began as a weekly publication, based in New Delh ...
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Miftah Ismail
Miftah Ismail (; born 23 July 1965) is a Pakistani political economist who served as the Federal Minister of Finance from April 2022 to September 2022. He had previously served in the same office, from April 2018 to May 2018 in Khaqan Abbasi's cabinet. Prior to that, he served as the Advisor to the Prime Minister on Finance, Revenue and Economic Affairs, chairman of the Pakistan Board of Investment and an economist with the International Monetary Fund. He is the current secretary of the Awaam Pakistan party, a political party he co-founded alongside former Pakistani prime minister Shahid Khaqan Abbasi. Early life and education He was born on 23 July 1965 in Karachi, Sindh in a Gujarati family. Ismail received his undergraduate degree in business from Duquesne University in 1985, followed by a Ph.D. in public finance and political economy from the Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania in 1990. Professional career Ismail began his career as an economist with the Inte ...
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Business Standard
''Business Standard'' is an Indian English-language daily edition newspaper published by Business Standard Private Limited, also available in Hindi. Founded in 1975, the newspaper covers the Indian economy, infrastructure, international business and trade, information on financial quotations, corporate governance, and a range of other financial news, opinions and insights. The main English-language edition comes from 12 regional centres: Mumbai, New Delhi, Kolkata, Bengaluru, Coimbatore, Chennai, Ahmedabad, Hyderabad, Chandigarh, Pune, Lucknow, Bhubaneswar, and Kochi, and reaches readers in over 1,000 towns and cities across India. History The newspaper's initial owner had been the Kolkata-based ABP Group. Circulation was rising, but losses were rising, possibly to above Rs 50 crore, and ABP could not support it. ABP hoped that the government would allow the ''Financial Times'' to take an equity stake in Business Standard Limited and bring in funds. In 1997, ''Business Ti ...
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Financial Times
The ''Financial Times'' (''FT'') is a British daily newspaper printed in broadsheet and also published digitally that focuses on business and economic Current affairs (news format), current affairs. Based in London, the paper is owned by a Japanese holding company, Nikkei, Inc., Nikkei, with core editorial offices across Britain, the United States and continental Europe. In July 2015, Pearson plc, Pearson sold the publication to Nikkei for Pound sterling, £844 million (US$1.32 billion) after owning it since 1957. In 2019, it reported one million paying subscriptions, three-quarters of which were digital subscriptions. In 2023, it was reported to have 1.3 million subscribers of which 1.2 million were digital. The newspaper has a prominent focus on Business journalism, financial journalism and economic analysis rather than News media, generalist reporting, drawing both criticism and acclaim. It sponsors an Financial Times and McKinsey Business Book of the Year Award, annual book ...
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