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Outline Of Ancient China
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to ancient China: Ancient China – China under the rule of the Xia, Shang, and Zhou dynasties, beginning around 2070 B.C. and extending until approximately 256 B.C. Geography of ancient China Locations in ancient China * List of Bronze Age sites in China Regions of ancient China * Regions of ancient China during the Xia and Shang dynasties ** Nine Provinces **# Ji Province **# Jing Province **# Liang Province **# Qing Province **# Xu Province **# Yan Province **# Yang Province **# Yong Province **# Yu Province Government and politics of ancient China * Political thought in ancient China ** Mandate of Heaven * Ancient Chinese states * Interstate relations during the Spring and Autumn period * Family tree of ancient Chinese emperors * Aristocracy in ancient China (nobility) Rulers in ancient China * Kings of the Xia dynasty ** Yu the Great ** Qi ** Tai Kang ** Zhong Kang ** Xiang ** Sh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ancient Chinese States
Ancient Chinese states () were typified by variously sized city-states and territories that existed in China prior to its unification by Qin Shi Huang in 221 BCE. In many cases these were vassal states and fiefs established in the ''fengjian'' system characterized by tributes paid to the ruling Zhou dynasty (1046–256 BCE). Such states and fiefs would again emerge during later dynasties as a political expedient when required. Rulers of these states were known as ''zhuhou'' (). Background According to the sinocentric viewpoint and the Mandate of Heaven, China was the center of the world and the incumbent emperor its only ruler; all other would-be potentates and rulers were merely vassals of the Middle Kingdom. As a result, from the earliest times the Chinese viewed the world as a series of concentric spheres of influence emanating outward from their capital. Within the closest circle lay the vassal states who pledged allegiance to the Zhou ruler. Apart from the Zhou dynasty ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xie Of Xia
Xie ( Chinese: , ''Xiè'') was the tenth king of the semi-legendary Xia Dynasty. The son of Mang, Xie ascended the throne in the " Xinwei" () year. He possibly ruled 25 years.Bamboo Annals. According to the Bamboo Annals, in the 12th year of Xie's reign, the prince of Yin (殷), Zihai (子亥), while a guest in Youyi (有易), was "guilty of licentious conduct" and killed by the leader of the place, Mianchen (綿臣), who also sent away his retinue. Four years later, Zihai’s successor, Wei (微), allied with the forces of the baron of Ho (河伯), and invaded Youyi, killing Mianchen. In the 21st year of his reign, Xie "conferred regular dignities" on the chiefs of the surrounding barbarians. He was succeeded by his sons Bu Jiang and Jiong. Sima Qian. ''Records of the Grand Historian ''Records of the Grand Historian'', also known by its Chinese name ''Shiji'', is a monumental history of China that is the first of China's 24 dynastic histories. The ''Records'' was w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mang Of Xia
Máng (芒, read Wáng according to Sima Zhen) was the ninth king of the semi-legendary Xia Dynasty. He possibly ruled 18 years. He was also known as Huang (荒). Emperor Si Mang established a Sinking Sacrifice Ceremony (沉祭 Chen Ji) in which three common livestock animals (a cow, a pig & a sheep) & a memorial jade were sunk into the Yellow River as offerings to water spirits for peace & safety. Sinking sacrifices have since found widespread importance throughout Chinese history. Family Máng's father was king Huai of Xia, son of the king Zhu of Xia. Mother of Máng was an unknown lady, consort of Huai. He had a consort who bore him a son Xie. Máng's grandsons were Jiong of Xia and wise Bu Jiang. Biography Máng took the throne after his father's death, in the year of ''Renshen'' (壬申). He celebrated his inauguration by giving precious jades to all his vassals. In the 33rd year of his regime, the Shang vassal Zihai (''子亥'') moved his capital from Shangqiu (商 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Huai Of Xia
Huai (; read Hui according to Sima Zhen) was the eighth king of the semi-legendary Xia dynasty of ancient China, who possibly ruled 44 years. His other name is Fen (芬). Huai ascended the throne in the year of ''Wuzi'' (''戊子''), after his father Zhu had died. In the 3rd year of his reign, nine barbarian( 九夷)s came to his capital. In the 16th year of his regime, the minister Luobo (洛伯) fought with minister Fengyi (冯夷) at He(河). In the 33rd year of his regime, he assigned the son of Kunwu as minister in Yousu (有苏). He created the poem and music of Huantu(圜土) in the 36th year of his reign. According to the ''Records of the Grand Historian ''Records of the Grand Historian'', also known by its Chinese name ''Shiji'', is a monumental history of China that is the first of China's 24 dynastic histories. The ''Records'' was written in the early 1st century by the ancient Chinese his ...'', he ruled 26 years, but 44 years according to the '' Bamboo Ann ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zhu Of Xia
Zhu (, also 予, 宁, 佇, or 宇) was the seventh king of the semi-legendary Xia dynasty. He took the throne in the year of ''ji si'' (己巳) and lived in Yuan (now Jiyuan). Biography His father was king Shao Kang and his mother was a daughter of the Chief of Northern Tribe. In the fifth year of his regime he moved his capital from Yuan to Laoqiu (now Kaifeng); in the eighth year he hunted in the East China Sea and invaded Sanshou; in the thirteenth year his Shang vassal Ming died at He. He was also the inventor of armor in Chinese history. He died in the seventeenth year of his reign. His successor was his son Huai. According to Sima Zhen Sima Zhen (; 679–732), courtesy name Zizheng (Tzu-cheng; 子正), was a Tang dynasty Chinese historian born in what is now Jiaozuo, Henan. Sima Zhen was one of the most important commentators on the ''Shiji ''Records of the Grand Histo ..., his named is read "Zhù". Chronology Zhu is traditionally held to have succeeded h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shao Kang
Shao Kang (, his surname was Sì 姒) was the sixth king of the Xia dynasty of ancient China. He was the son of Xiang. His father was killed in a battle against Han Zhuo's two sons, Han Jiao and Han Yi; Shao Kang's mother Ji managed to escape and had him after a few months. After he grew up, Shao Kang and his followers engaged in a battle against Han Zhuo, defeated and killed him, and restored the Xia Dynasty. He was succeeded as king by his son Zhu; another son Wuyu was traditionally credited with Sinicization, civilizing the Baiyue, Yue of Zhejiang and establishing the state of Yue at Kuaiji. Shao Kang is sometimes identified with Du Kang, the legendary inventor of wine in Chinese mythology. Early history Shao Kang's restoration of Xia is considered as a significant Chinese legend. Prior to Shao Kang, the Xia kings had become corrupt, squandered away the family fortune, and lost the good will of the people. Shao Kang's father was on the run, and only held the title of Emp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xiang Of Xia
Xiang () is the name of a king of the semi-legendary Xia dynasty who is said to have reigned during the 3rd millennium BC. He was the fifth king of the Xia dynasty. Biography Xiang had been preceded on the throne of Xia by his father Zhong Kang, and before that by his uncle Tai Kang.''The Shape of the Turtle: Myth, Art, and Cosmos in Early China'' by Sarah Allan Reign according to the ''Bamboo Annals'' Xiang got his throne in the year of Wuxu and set his capital in Shangqiu. In the first year of his reign, he sent troops against the Huai The Huai River (), formerly romanized as the Hwai, is a major river in China. It is located about midway between the Yellow River and Yangtze, the two longest rivers and largest drainage basins in China, and like them runs from west to east. ... Barbarians and Fei Barbarians (畎夷, aka ''Quanyi''). In the third year, he sent troops to the Feng Barbarians and Huang Barbarians. In his 7th year, "the hordes of Yu came to make their ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zhong Kang
Zhong Kang () was the fourth king of the Xia Dynasty, the first dynasty in traditional Chinese history. Family Zhong Kang was a son of king Qi of Xia and thus the younger brother of Tai Kang. He was the father of Xiang of Xia. Reign According to the ''Bamboo Annals'', Zhong Kang took the throne in the year of ''Jichou'' (''己丑''). His capital was at Zhenxun. On the day of ''gengwu(庚戌)'', the 9th month in the 5th year of his reign, there was a solar eclipse. Since the royal astronomers at that time were licentious and drunk, they failed to predict this eclipse, resulting in confusion and panic among the common people. Zhong Kang sent the nobleman Yin to punish the Ministers of Astronomy for thus neglecting their duties. This is described more fully in the document known as the ''Punitive Expedition of Yin(胤征)'' in the Book of Documents. In the Bamboo Annals, this was reflected as nobleman Yin conquering Xihe, which is the god of astronomy. In the 6th year of Zhong ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tai Kang
Tai Kang () was the third king of the Xia Dynasty. He was the son of the king Qi of Xia and paternal grandson of Yu the Great and queen Nu Jiao. Biography Tai Kang loved to hunt and did not rule well. According to the '' Bamboo Annals'', Tai Kang took the throne in the year of ''Guiwei''. His capital was in Zhenxun (斟鄩). In his first year, while he went hunting beyond the Luo river, Houyi came and occupied Zhenxin. Tai Kang died 4 years later, or according to the book Lushi, 10 years later. According to '' Records of the Grand Historian'', he ruled about 19 years and lost his regime. "Taiping Yulan" claims he was a tyrant who ruled for 29 years, then lost his regime and vanished. He was succeeded by his brother Zhong Kang and nephew Xiang of Xia. In some sources, Tai Kang was drowned in a lake A lake is an area filled with water, localized in a basin, surrounded by land, and distinct from any river or other outlet that serves to feed or drain the lak ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Qi Of Xia
Qi () was a Chinese king, the son of Yu the Great and the second sovereign of the Xia dynasty. He ruled for roughly nine to ten years.戴逸, 龔書鐸. 002(2003) 中國通史. 史前 夏 商 西周. Intelligence press. . p. 40. Biography Family Qi's father, Yu the Great, also the founder of the Xia dynasty, married Nu Jiao and had Qi. Qi was not to be the next king but due to public pressure Qi was chosen as Yu's successor, starting the dynastic tradition. Later, Qi had a son named Tài Kāng who also became the next king. Reign Yu died 45 years into his reign. After Qi's rule, Qi's son Tai Kang succeeded him as king. According to the historian Sima Qian, Yu did not want his son to become king and intended to give the throne to Gao Yao, his Minister of Justice, but when Gao died Yu designated as his heir Yi (also known as Boyi), his former companion for thirteen years fighting the flood and his current Minister of Animal Husbandry. But due to Yu's great influence, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yu The Great
Yu the Great (大禹) was a legendary king in ancient China who was famed for his introduction of flood control, his establishment of the Xia dynasty which inaugurated dynastic rule in China, and his upright moral character. He figures prominently in the Chinese legend of "Great Yu Who Controlled the Waters" (). The dates which have been proposed for Yu's reign predate the oldest-known written records in China, the oracle bones of the late Shang dynasty, by nearly a millennium. Yu's name was not inscribed on any artifacts which were produced during the proposed era in which he lived, nor was it inscribed on the later oracle bones; his name was first inscribed on vessels which date back to the Western Zhou period (c. 1045–771 BC). The lack of substantial contemporary documentary evidence has caused some controversy over Yu's historicity. Thus, proponents of his existence theorize that stories about his life and reign were orally transmitted in various areas of China unti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
