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Nobility Of Georgia (country)
The nobility of Georgia was the social and legal grouping of individuals and families with a special status in the former Kingdom of Georgia (along with its successor states). The Georgian nobility has always been split across two main groups: the princely and ducal Houses, which were in the minority, and the untitled noble Houses which were the vast majority. The untitled nobility consisted of the gentry who were the direct vassals of the King along with the vassals of the various princes and dukes, as well as those of the Catholicos-Patriarch of All Georgia who had his own realm. Before the formal annexation by the Russian Empire, there were no other hereditary nobiliary titles other than the Western European equivalents of Prince and Duke. The nobility of Georgia is split into two periods: before Russian annexation and after. At the time of annexation, approximately 5% of the total Georgian population belonged to the nobility in some form, with the Bagration dynasty, Bagrati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nakharar
''Nakharar'' ( ''naxarar'', from Parthian ''naxvadār'' "holder of the primacy") was a hereditary title of the highest order given to houses of the ancient and medieval Armenian nobility. ''Nakharar'' system Medieval Armenia was divided into large estates, which were the property of an enlarged noble family and were ruled by a member of it, to whom the title of ''nahapet'' "chief of the family" or '' tanuter'' "master of the house" was given. Other members of a ''nakharar'' family in their turn ruled over smaller portions of the family estate. ''Nakharars'' with greater authority were recognized as '' ishkhans'' (princes). This system has often been labelled as feudal for practical purposes; however, there are differences between this system and the feudal system later adopted in Western Europe. The estate as a whole was actually ruled by a single person, it was nonetheless considered the property of his whole enlarged family, so that, if the ruler died heirless, he was succeed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grandee
Grandee (; , ) is an official royal and noble ranks, aristocratic title conferred on some Spanish nobility. Holders of this dignity enjoyed similar privileges to those of the peerage of France during the , though in neither country did they have the significant constitutional political role the House of Lords gave to the Peerage of England, of Peerage of Great Britain, Great Britain and of the Peerage of the United Kingdom, United Kingdom. A "grandee of Spain" nonetheless enjoyed greater social privileges than those of other similar European dignities. With the exception of Duke of Fernandina, Fernandina, List of dukes in the peerage of Spain, all Spanish dukedoms are automatically attached to a grandeeship, yet only a few marquessates, Count (title), countships, List of viscounts in the peerage of Spain, viscountcies, List of barons in the peerage of Spain, baronies and List of lords in the peerage of Spain, lordships have the distinction. A single person can be a grandee of S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saeristavo
Saeristavo ( ka, საერისთავო), in historical and scientific literature with this term is defined a territorial unit in old Georgia (country), Georgia, which was ruled by Eristavi (duke). List of the Duchies of Kingdom of Georgia See also *Eristavi References * Georgian Soviet Encyclopedia, GSE, (1984) volume 8, page 633, Tbilisi. Historical geography of Georgia (country) Nobility of Georgia (country) Noble titles of Georgia (country) Titles Georgian words and phrases {{Georgia-hist-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georgian Feudalism
Georgian feudalism, or ''patronkmoba'' ( ka, პატრონყმობა from ''patroni'', "lord", "master", and ''kmoba'', "slavery", "serfdom"), as the system of personal dependence or vassalage in ancient and medieval Georgia is referred to, arose from a tribal-dynastic organization of society upon which was imposed, by royal authority, an official hierarchy of regional governors, local officials and subordinates. It is thought to have its roots into the ancient Georgian, or Iberian, society of the Hellenistic period.Suny (1994), p. 44Lang (1966), pp. 96-7, 116-8 Early period In the medieval period, Georgian feudalism went through three distinct phases. In the first period, taken to have lasted from the 8th to the 11th centuries, Georgian society was organized as a network of personal ties, tying the king with the nobles of various classes. By the early 9th century, Georgia had already developed a system in which homage was exchanged for benefices. High point The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Melik
Мelik (, from ) was a hereditary Armenian noble title used in Eastern Armenia from the Late Middle Ages until the nineteenth century. The meliks represented some of the last remnants of the old Armenian nobility, as well as Persian nobility in Shirvan and other areas of the Persian Empire. The most prominent and powerful meliks were those of Karabagh ( Artsakh) and Syunik, which ruled autonomous or semi-autonomous principalities known as melikdoms () under Iranian suzerainty. Meliks also existed in Yerevan, Nakhichevan, Sevan, Lori, Northwestern Persia, and other areas, although outside of Karabagh and Syunik most were merely hereditary leaders of local Armenian communities, not rulers of principalities. The meliks of Karabagh each had their troops and military fortifications known as s. They ruled on legal disputes within their territory and collected tax. The meliks of Karabagh saw themselves as the last bastion of Armenian independence in the region. After the conq ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eristavi
''Eristavi'' (; literally, "head of the nation") was a Georgia (country), Georgian feudal office, roughly equivalent to the Byzantine Empire, Byzantine ''strategos'' and normally translated into English language, English as "prince" or less commonly as "duke". In the Georgian aristocratic hierarchy, it was the title of the third rank of prince and governor of a large province. Holders of the title were ex-officio commanders of a military 'Sadrosho, banner', wore a distinctive dress, ring, belt and spear and rode a particular breed of horse. Some high-ranking eristavis were also titled as eristavt-eristavi (), i.e. "duke of dukes" or archduke but it is improbable that the holder of the title had any subordinate eristavis. Erismtavari (; literally, "chief of the people" or grand duke) was a similar title chiefly endowed upon the pre-Bagrationi, Bagratid Principate of Iberia, rulers of Caucasian Iberia, Iberia (Eastern Georgia) and later used interchangeably with the ''eristavi''. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Knyaz
A , also , ''knjaz'' or (), is a historical Slavs, Slavic title, used both as a royal and noble title in different times. It is usually translated into English language, English as 'prince', 'king' or 'duke', depending on specific historical context and the potentially known Latin equivalents at the time; the word was originally derived from the Proto-Germanic language, common Germanic ('king'). Feminine forms of the word may be divided into two groups: * "Princess", be it princess consort (wife of a reigning prince), princess regnant (reigning princess ''suo jure''), or princess regent (reigning on behalf of an underage prince, usually her son after her husband's death) ** Belarusian language, Belarusian: ''kniahinia'' (княгіня) ** Bulgarian language, Bulgarian and Russian language, Russian: () ** Slovene language, Slovene, Serbo-Croatian, and Macedonian language, Macedonian: (in Serbian Cyrillic alphabet, Serbian and Macedonian alphabet, Macedonian Cyrillic: ) ** ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gules
In heraldry, gules () is the tincture with the colour red. It is one of the class of five dark tinctures called "colours", the others being azure (blue), sable (black), vert (green) and purpure (purple). Gules is portrayed in heraldic hatching by vertical lines, or indicated by the abbreviation g. or gu. when a coat of arms is tricked. Etymology The term ''gules'' derives from the Middle English ''goules'', which itself is an Old French word meaning "neckpiece made of red fur". ''Goules'' is derived from the Old French ''gole'' or ''guele'', both of which mean "throat", which are ultimately derived from the Latin ''gula'', also meaning "throat". Gules is similar to the English word ''gullet''. Arthur Charles Fox-Davies, A. C. Fox-Davies states that the term originates from the Persian language, Persian word , meaning "rose", but according to Brault there is no evidence to support this derivation. The modern French spelling of the tincture is ''gueules''. Both ''gules'' an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ermine (heraldry)
Ermine () in heraldry is a fur, a type of tincture, consisting of a white background with a pattern of black shapes representing the winter coat of the stoat (a species of weasel with white fur and a black-tipped tail). The linings of medieval coronation cloaks and some other garments, usually reserved for use by high-ranking peers and royalty, were made by sewing many ermine furs together to produce a luxurious white fur with patterns of hanging black-tipped tails. Due largely to the association of the ermine fur with the linings of coronation cloaks, crowns and peerage caps, the heraldic tincture of ermine was usually reserved to similar applications in heraldry (i.e., the linings of crowns and chapeaux and of the royal canopy). In heraldry it has become especially associated with the Duchy of Brittany and Breton heraldry. Ermine spots The ''ermine spot'', the conventional heraldic representation of the tail, has had a wide variety of shapes over the centuries; its most u ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russian Heraldry
Russian heraldry involves the study and use of coats of arms and other heraldic insignia in the country of Russia. Compare the socialist heraldry of the Soviet period of Russian history (1917–1991). History Precursors Before conventional heraldry was introduced to Russia, rulers of Kievan Rus' and its principalities used a variety of symbols to represent their authority. The early Rurikid rulers used unique stylised symbols, resembling tridents, on seals, coins and weapons that belonged to them. These were inherited from father to son in one way or another – although each descendant tweaked the symbol somewhat – but were not heraldic in the traditional sense of the word, and were closer to Turco- Mongolian tamgas. Other principalities frequently used mythical animals, or human figures, such as knights, in their seals. The influence of the Byzantine Empire was often felt in these emblems, some of which featured Byzantine elements, such as angels, perhaps due to princes e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tsarevich
Tsarevich (, ) was a title given to the sons of tsars. The female equivalent was ''tsarevna''. Under the 1797 Pauline Laws, Pauline house laws, the title was discontinued and replaced with ''tsesarevich'' for the heir apparent alone. His younger brothers were given the title of ''List of grand dukes of Russia, veliky knyaz'', translated as ''grand prince'' or, more commonly, as ''grand duke''. Historically, the term was also applied to descendants of the Khan (title), khans (tsars) of Khanate of Kazan, Kazan, Qasim Khanate, Kasimov, and Siberia Khanate, Siberia after these khanates had been conquered by Russia. The descendants of the deposed royal families of Georgia or the ''batonishvili'' were given the titles of tsarevich until 1833, when they were demoted to ''knyaz'' after a 1832 Georgian plot, failed coup to restore the Georgian monarchy. Notes References Tsareviches of Russia, Noble titles of Russia Russian royalty {{royal-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
