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NP Completeness
In computational complexity theory, NP-complete problems are the hardest of the problems to which ''solutions'' can be verified ''quickly''. Somewhat more precisely, a problem is NP-complete when: # It is a decision problem, meaning that for any input to the problem, the output is either "yes" or "no". # When the answer is "yes", this can be demonstrated through the existence of a short (polynomial length) ''solution''. # The correctness of each solution can be verified quickly (namely, in polynomial time) and a brute-force search algorithm can find a solution by trying all possible solutions. # The problem can be used to simulate every other problem for which we can verify quickly that a solution is correct. Hence, if we could find solutions of some NP-complete problem quickly, we could quickly find the solutions of every other problem to which a given solution can be easily verified. The name "NP-complete" is short for "nondeterministic polynomial-time complete". In this name, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
3SAT 17 Svg
3sat (, ''Dreisat'') is a free-to-air German-language public service television channel. It is a generalist channel with a cultural focus and is jointly operated by Public broadcasting, public broadcasters from Germany (ZDF, ARD (broadcaster), ARD), Austria (ORF (broadcaster), ORF) and Switzerland (SRG SSR). The coordinating broadcaster is ZDF, at whose Mainz facility the broadcasting centre with studios for in-house productions is located. History 3sat was established to broadcast high culture, cultural programmes, originally by satellite. The network was founded as a cooperative network by Germany's ZDF, Austria's ORF (broadcaster), ORF, and Switzerland's SRG SSR (formerly SRG SSR idée suisse). 3sat began broadcasting on 1 December 1984, with its first programme being simulcasted on ORF 2, FS2, SRF 1, TV DRS and ZDF. ZDF leads the cooperative, though decisions are reached through consensus of the cooperative's partners. In 1990, Deutscher Fernsehfunk, DFF, television broadc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heuristic (computer Science)
A heuristic or heuristic technique (''problem solving'', ''Heuristic (psychology), mental shortcut'', ''rule of thumb'') is any approach to problem solving that employs a Pragmatism, pragmatic method that is not fully Mathematical optimisation, optimized, perfected, or Rationality, rationalized, but is nevertheless "good enough" as an approximation or attribute substitution. Where finding an optimal solution is impossible or impractical, heuristic methods can be used to speed up the process of finding a satisfactory solution. Heuristics can be mental shortcuts that ease the cognitive load of Decision-making, making a decision. Context Gigerenzer & Gaissmaier (2011) state that Set (mathematics), sub-sets of ''strategy'' include heuristics, regression analysis, and Bayesian inference. Heuristics are strategies based on rules to generate optimal decisions, like the anchoring effect and utility maximization problem. These strategies depend on using readily accessible, thoug ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Unsolved Problems Of Mathematics
Many mathematical problems have been stated but not yet solved. These problems come from many areas of mathematics, such as theoretical physics, computer science, algebra, analysis, combinatorics, algebraic, differential, discrete and Euclidean geometries, graph theory, group theory, model theory, number theory, set theory, Ramsey theory, dynamical systems, and partial differential equations. Some problems belong to more than one discipline and are studied using techniques from different areas. Prizes are often awarded for the solution to a long-standing problem, and some lists of unsolved problems, such as the Millennium Prize Problems, receive considerable attention. This list is a composite of notable unsolved problems mentioned in previously published lists, including but not limited to lists considered authoritative, and the problems listed here vary widely in both difficulty and importance. Lists of unsolved problems in mathematics Various mathematicians and organiza ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
