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Myawaddy
Myawaddy ( Phlone ;myမဝတဳ my, မြဝတီ; th, เมียวดี; ; ) is a town in southeastern Myanmar, in Kayin State, close to the border with Thailand. Separated from the Thai border town of Mae Sot by the Moei River (Thaung Yinn River), the town is the most important trading point between Myanmar and Thailand. It is the second biggest among Myanmar's 15 border trading posts. It is 170 km east of Mawlamyine, the fourth largest city of Myanmar and 426 km northwest of Bangkok, the capital of Thailand. Economy The border-crossing is a major route for the export of Myanmar's gems,Chien, Choo Tse (2004"Border Areas & Into Burma Photo Gallery"at pbase.com, archivehereon 9 February 2005 by Internet Archive many of which have their provenance changed once across the border. The Mae Sot to Myawaddy is the main border crossing trade route between Thailand and Myanmar and according to Thailand's Chamber of Commerce, the monthly trade between the two countr ...
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Myawaddy Township
Myawaddy Township ( ksw, ရါမတံၤကီၢ်ဆၣ်, Eastern Pwo language, Phlone ; my, မြဝတီမြို့နယ်) is a Townships of Burma, township of Myawaddy District in the Kayin State of Burma, Burma (Myanmar). It is the only township in Myawaddy District. The administrative seat is the town of Myawaddy. Boundaries Myawaddy Township borders on:"Myanmar States/Divisions and Townships - Overview Map"
23 September 2010., Myanmar Information Management Unit (MIMU) * Kyain Seikgyi Township of Kawkareik District to the southwest and west, * Kawkareik Township of Kawkareik District to the west, * Hlaingbwe Township of Hpa-an District to the northwest, and * Thailand to the northeast, east and sou ...
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Kayin State
Kayin State ( my, ကရင်ပြည်နယ်, ; kjp, ဖၠုံခါန်ႋကၞင့်, italics=no; ksw, ကညီကီၢ်စဲၣ်, ), also known by the endonyms Kawthoolei and Karen State, is a state of Myanmar. The capital city is Hpa-An, also spelled Pa-An. The relief of Karen State is mountainous with the Dawna Range running along the state in a NNW - SSE direction and the southern end of the Karen Hills in the northwest. It is bordered by Mae Hong Son, Tak, and Kanchanaburi provinces of Thailand to the east; Mon State and Bago Region to the west and south; Mandalay Region, Shan State and Kayah State to the north. History The region that forms today's Karen State was part of successive Burmese kingdoms since the formation of the Bagan Empire in mid-11th century. During the 13th to 16th centuries, much of the region belonged to the Hanthawaddy Kingdom, while the northern part of the region belonged to Taungoo, a vassal state of Ava Kingdom. The r ...
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Myawaddy District
Myawaddy District (, Phlone:, my, မြဝတီခရိုင်) is a district of the Kayin State in Myanmar. It consists of a single township composed of 50 villages. Townships The district contains the following townships: *Myawaddy Township Myawaddy Township ( ksw, ရါမတံၤကီၢ်ဆၣ်, Eastern Pwo language, Phlone ; my, မြဝတီမြို့နယ်) is a Townships of Burma, township of Myawaddy District in the Kayin State of Burma, Burma (Myanmar). It i ... Districts of Myanmar Kayin State {{burma-geo-stub ...
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Districts Of Myanmar
Districts ( my, ခရိုင်, Kharuing; ) are the second-level administrative divisions of Myanmar. They are the sub-divisions of the States and Regions of Myanmar. According to the Myanmar Information Management Unit (MIMU), as of December 2015, there are 76 districts in Myanmar, which in turn are subdivided into townships, then towns, wards and villages. The District's role is more supervisory as the Townships are the basic administrative unit of local governance. A District is led by a District Administrator, a civil servant appointed through the General Administration Department (GAD) of the Ministry of Home Affairs (MOHA). The Minister of Home Affairs is to be appointed by the military according to the 2008 constitution. Here is a list of districts of Myanmar by state/region: List of districts by state or region See also * Administrative divisions of Myanmar * List of cities in Myanmar References External links * * "Burma Second Order Administrative Di ...
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Mawlamyine
Mawlamyine (also spelled Mawlamyaing; , ; th, เมาะลำเลิง ; mnw, မတ်မလီု, ), formerly Moulmein, is the fourth-largest city in Myanmar (Burma), ''World Gazetteer'' south east of Yangon and south of Thaton, at the mouth of Thanlwin (Salween) River. The first capital of British Burma, the city is currently the capital and largest city of Mon State and the main trading centre and seaport in south eastern Myanmar. Etymology and legend The Mon name which was previously used for Mawlamyine, ''Moulmein'' (; ) means "damaged eye" or "one-eyed man." According to legend, a Mon king had a powerful third eye in the centre of his forehead, able to see what was happening in neighbouring kingdoms. The daughter of one of the neighbouring kings was given in marriage to the three-eyed king and managed to destroy the third eye. The Burmese name "Mawlamyine" is believed to be a corruption of the Mon name. Moulmein was also spelled as ''Maulmain or Moulmain or M ...
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Myanmar
Myanmar, ; UK pronunciations: US pronunciations incl. . Note: Wikipedia's IPA conventions require indicating /r/ even in British English although only some British English speakers pronounce r at the end of syllables. As John C. Wells, John Wells explains, the English spellings of both Myanmar and Burma assume a non-rhotic variety of English, in which the letter r before a consonant or finally serves merely to indicate a long vowel: [ˈmjænmɑː, ˈbɜːmə]. So the pronunciation of the last syllable of Myanmar as [mɑːr] or of Burma as [bɜːrmə] by some speakers in the UK and most speakers in North America is in fact a spelling pronunciation based on a misunderstanding of non-rhotic spelling conventions. The final ''r'' in ''Myanmar'' was not intended for pronunciation and is there to ensure that the final a is pronounced with the broad a, broad ''ah'' () in "father". If the Burmese name my, မြန်မာ, label=none were spelled "Myanma" in English, this would b ...
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Cynthia Maung
Cynthia Maung ( my, စင်သီယာမောင် ; born 6 December 1959) is a Burmese medical doctor and founder of Mae Tao Clinic that has been providing free healthcare services for internally displaced persons (IDP) and migrant workers on the Thai-Burmese border for three decades. Maung received Southeast Asia's Ramon Magsaysay Award for community leadership and she was listed as one of 2003 ''Time'' magazine's Asian Heroes. Altogether she has received six international awards for her work. In 1999, she was the first recipient of the Jonathan Mann Award, sponsored by Swiss and US health organisations. Early life and education Cynthia Maung was born to ethnic Karen parents Mahn Nyein Maung and Hla Kyi in Rangoon, and grew up in Moulmein with her parents and six siblings. Cynthia attended State High School No. 4 and it was during this period that political upheaval and the student movement began to cause disruptions to the education system in Burma. Maung found t ...
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Border Town
A border town is a town or city close to the boundary between two countries, states, or regions. Usually the term implies that the nearness to the border is one of the things the place is most famous for. With close proximities to a different country, diverse cultural traditions can have certain influence to the place. Border towns can have highly cosmopolitan communities, a feature they share with port cities, as traveling and trading often go through the town. They can also be flashpoints for international conflicts, especially when the two countries have territorial disputes. List of border towns and cities Transcontinental Asia/Africa * El-Qantarah el-Sharqiyya, Egypt Asia/Europe * Istanbul, Turkey * Atyrau, Kazakhstan * Oral, Kazakhstan * Magnitogorsk, Russia In Africa * Aflao, Ghana * Badme, Eritrea * Bangui, Central African Republic * Beni Ensar, Morocco * Ceuta, Spain * Cocobeach, Gabon * Fnideq, Morocco * Kinshasa/Brazzaville (Democratic Republic of the Congo/Repu ...
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Mae Sot
Mae Sot ( th, แม่สอด, ; my, မဲဆောက်, ; shn, , ) is a city in western Thailand that shares a border with Myanmar to the west. It is notable as a trade hub and for its substantial population of Burmese migrants and refugees. The city is part of Tak Province, 87 km from the city of Tak and 492 km from Bangkok. It is home to the district headquarters of Mae Sot District, and is the main gateway between Thailand and Burma. As a result, it has gained notoriety for its trade in gems and teak, as well as black market services such as people trafficking and drugs. History In 1937 Mae Sot was a local administration, administered by a headman, usually called village headman or village chief ( ''phu yai ban''), Its population at the time was approximately 12,000 people. On 30 September 1939 Mae Sot was established as a municipalitity and governed 27 villages. It was upgraded to a city municipality in 2010. In 1997, the Thai–Myanmar Friendship Bridge ...
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Provenance
Provenance (from the French ''provenir'', 'to come from/forth') is the chronology of the ownership, custody or location of a historical object. The term was originally mostly used in relation to works of art but is now used in similar senses in a wide range of fields, including archaeology, paleontology, archives, manuscripts, printed books, the circular economy, and science and computing. The primary purpose of tracing the provenance of an object or entity is normally to provide contextual and circumstantial evidence for its original production or discovery, by establishing, as far as practicable, its later history, especially the sequences of its formal ownership, custody and places of storage. The practice has a particular value in helping Authentication, authenticate objects. Comparative techniques, expert opinions and the results of scientific tests may also be used to these ends, but establishing provenance is essentially a matter of documentation. The term dates to the 1 ...
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Township Capitals Of Myanmar
A township is a kind of human settlement or administrative subdivision, with its meaning varying in different countries. Although the term is occasionally associated with an urban area, that tends to be an exception to the rule. In Australia, Canada, Scotland and parts of the United States, the term refers to settlements too small or scattered to be considered urban. Australia ''The Australian National Dictionary'' defines ''township'' as: "A site reserved for and laid out as a town; such a site at an early stage of its occupation and development; a small town". The term refers purely to the settlement; it does not refer to a unit of government. Townships are governed as part of a larger council (such as that of a shire, district or city) or authority. Canada In Canada, two kinds of township occur in common use. *In Eastern Canada, a township is one form of the subdivision of a county. In Canadian French, this is a . Townships are referred to as "lots" in Prince Edward I ...
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Border Guard Forces
Border Guard Forces ( my, နယ်ခြားစောင့်တပ်; abbreviated BGF) are subdivisions of the Tatmadaw (Myanmar Armed Forces) consisting of former insurgent groups in Myanmar under the instruction of Regional Military Commands. The government announced its plan to create Border Guard Forces in April 2009, in the hopes of ending hostilities between the government and insurgent groups leading up to the 2010 general election. History In 2008 the new constitution made it mandatory for insurgent groups to transition into a BGF before the government would agree to engage in peace talks. Following the government announcement on BGFs, the government set a deadline for all insurgent groups to transition into BGFs, and that all ceasefire agreements prior to the deadline would become "null and void". The deadline was originally set to be June 2009, but was delayed five times until September 2010. In April 2009, Lieutenant General Ye Myint led a government entou ...
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