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Moscow Research Center For Human Rights
The Moscow Research Center for Human Rights (MRCHR) is an umbrella group for human rights groups. It was set up in 1993. The Center unites about a dozen human rights nongovernmental organizations. The idea for the MRCHR grew out of a desire to collectively organize the human rights-related movements emerging from the loosely-structured community of informal social organizations which flowered during the last part of the Soviet period. A group of human rights activists, dissidents and former political prisoners acquired office space in which to work. The group soon found financial and moral support from the West, including the National Endowment for Democracy, Phare, and various private foundations. After receiving a series of small grants, the Center gradually emerged as a focal point for human rights work in 199 Funding The America's Development Foundation set up "An institutional partnership program in Russia with the Moscow Research Center for Human Rights (MCHR) provided the fr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Radio Liberty
Radio is the technology of signaling and communicating using radio waves. Radio waves are electromagnetic waves of frequency between 30 hertz (Hz) and 300 gigahertz (GHz). They are generated by an electronic device called a transmitter connected to an antenna which radiates the waves, and received by another antenna connected to a radio receiver. Radio is very widely used in modern technology, in radio communication, radar, radio navigation, remote control, remote sensing, and other applications. In radio communication, used in radio and television broadcasting, cell phones, two-way radios, wireless networking, and satellite communication, among numerous other uses, radio waves are used to carry information across space from a transmitter to a receiver, by modulating the radio signal (impressing an information signal on the radio wave by varying some aspect of the wave) in the transmitter. In radar, used to locate and track objects like aircraft, ships, spacecraft an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Endowment For Democracy
The National Endowment for Democracy (NED) is an organization in the United States that was founded in 1983 for promoting democracy in other countries by promoting political and economic institutions such as political groups, trade unions, free markets and business groups. NED is funded primarily by an annual allocation from the U.S. Congress. The NED was created by The Democracy Program as a bipartisan, private, non-profit corporation, and in turn acts as a grant-making foundation. In addition to its grants program, the NED also supports and houses the ''Journal of Democracy'', the World Movement for Democracy, the International Forum for Democratic Studies, the Reagan–Fascell Fellowship Program, the Network of Democracy Research Institutes, and the Center for International Media Assistance. History Founding In a 1982 speech at the Palace of Westminster, President Ronald Reagan proposed an initiative, before the British Parliament, "to foster the infrastructure of d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phare
The Phare programme is one of the three pre-accession instruments financed by the European Union to assist the applicant countries of Central and Eastern Europe in their preparations for joining the European Union. Originally created in 1989 as the Poland and Hungary: Assistance for Restructuring their Economies (PHARE) programme, Phare expanded from Poland and Hungary to cover ten countries. It assisted eight of the ten 2004 accession Member States: the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Slovakia, and Slovenia, as well as those countries that acceded in 2007 (Bulgaria and Romania), in a period of massive economic restructuring and political change. ''Phare'' means '' lighthouse'' in French. Until 2000, countries of the Western Balkans (Albania, North Macedonia, and Bosnia-Herzegovina) were also beneficiaries of Phare. However, as of 2001, the CARDS programme (Community Assistance for Reconstruction, Development and Stability in the Balkans) has prov ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
USAID
The United States Agency for International Development (USAID) is an independent agency of the U.S. federal government that is primarily responsible for administering civilian foreign aid and development assistance. With a budget of over $27 billion, USAID is one of the largest official aid agencies in the world and accounts for more than half of all U.S. foreign assistance—the highest in the world in absolute dollar terms. Congress passed the Foreign Assistance Act on September 4, 1961, which reorganized U.S. foreign assistance programs and mandated the creation of an agency to administer economic aid. USAID was subsequently established by the executive order of President John F. Kennedy, who sought to unite several existing foreign assistance organizations and programs under one agency. USAID became the first U.S. foreign assistance organization whose primary focus was long-term socioeconomic development. USAID's programs are authorized by Congress in the Foreign Assistan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexey Smirnov (dissident)
Alexey Smirnov (russian: Алексей Смирнов; alternatively spelled: Aleksey, Aleksei, or Alexei; Smirnov or Smirnoff) may refer to: * Aleksei Smirnov (actor) (1920–1979), Russian actor * Aleksei Smirnov (footballer) (born 1994), Russian football goalkeeper * Alexei Smirnov (ice hockey) (born 1982), Russian ice hockey player * Aleksey Smirnov (pilot) Aleksey Semyonovich Smirnov (russian: Алексей Семёнович Смирнов; – 7 August 1987) was a fighter pilot and flying ace of the Soviet Air Forces during the Second World War. He gained 35 solo victories during the war and was ... (1917–1987), flying ace and twice Hero of the Soviet Union * Alexey Smirnov (table tennis) (born 1977), Russian table tennis player * Alexei Smirnov (physicist) (born 1951), Russian physicist * Alexi Smirnoff (1947-2019, as ''Michel Lamarche''), Canadian pro-wrestler See also * Smirnov (surname) * Smirnoff (surname) {{hndis, Smirnov, Alexey ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Boris Altshuler
Boris Leonidovich Altshuler (russian: Бори́с Леонидович Альтшу́лер, born 27 January 1955, Leningrad, USSR) is a professor of theoretical physics at Columbia University. His specialty is theoretical condensed matter physics. Education and career Altshuler attended State Secondary School 489 in Saint Petersburg. He received his diploma in physics from Leningrad State University in 1976. Altshuler continued on at the Leningrad Institute for Nuclear Physics, where he was awarded his Ph.D. in physics in 1979. Altshuler stayed at the institute for the next ten years as a research fellow. In 1989, Altshuler joined the faculty of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. While there, he received the Hewlett-Packard Europhysics Prize (now called the Agilent Physics Prize) and became a fellow of the American Physical Society. Altshuler left MIT in 1996 to take a professorship at Princeton University. While there, he became affiliated with NEC Laboratories America ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vyacheslav Bakhmin
Vyacheslav, also transliterated Viacheslav or Viatcheslav (russian: Вячеслав, Vjačeslav ; uk, В'ячеслав, V"jačeslav ), is a Russian and Ukrainian masculine given name. It is the equivalent of Belarusian Вячаслаў/Вацлаў (transliterated ''Viačasłaŭ/Vacłaŭ'', or ''Viachaslau/Vaclau''), Croatian ''Vjenceslav'', Czech '' Václav'' and Polish '' Wacław'' and Wieńczysław, which is Latinised as ''Wenceslaus''. It is a Slavic dithematic name (that is, composed of two lexemes) derived from the Slavic words ''vyache'', "great(er)", and ''slava'', "glory, fame". A common short form is ''Slava''. Notable people Notable people with the given name Vyacheslav include: Academia * Vyacheslav Ivanov (1929-2017), Russian philologist and scholar specialising in Indo-European studies * Vyacheslav Ivanovich Lebedev (1930–2010), Soviet and Russian mathematician, known for his work on numerical analysis and development of the Lebedev quadrature * Vyacheslav ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elena Bonner
Yelena Georgiyevna Bonner (russian: link=no, Елена Георгиевна Боннэр; 15 February 1923 – 18 June 2011) , RIA Novosti, 19 June 2011. was a in the former and wife of the physicist . During her decades as a dissident, Bonner was noted for her characteristic blunt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Valeriy Borschov
The French name Valery () is a male given name or surname of Germanic origin ''Walaric'' (see Walric of Leuconay), that has often been confused in modern times with the Latin name ''Valerius''—that explains the variant spelling Valéry (). The Slavic given name Valery, Valeriy or Valeri derives directly from the Latin name ''Valerius''. Given name * Valery Afanassiev, Russian pianist and author * Valery V. Afanasyev, Russian hockey coach * Valery Asratyan (1958–1996), Soviet serial killer * Valery Belenky, Azerbaijani-German former Olympic artistic gymnast * Valeriy Belousov, Russian decathlete * Valeri Bojinov, Bulgarian international footballer * Valery Bryusov, Russian poet * Valeri Bukrejev, Estonian pole vaulter * Valeri Bure, Russian ice hockey player * Valery Chkalov, Russian aircraft test pilot * Valery Gazzaev, Russian football manager * Valery Gerasimov, Russian General, the current Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of Russia, and first Deputy Defe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sergei Kovalev
Sergei Adamovich Kovalyov (also spelled Sergey Kovalev; russian: link=no, Сергей Адамович Ковалёв; 2 March 1930 – 9 August 2021) was a Russian human rights activist and politician. During the Soviet period he was a dissident and, after 1975, a political prisoner. Early career and arrest Kovalyov was born in the town of Seredyna-Buda, near Sumy (in Soviet Union, now Ukraine)."Sergei Kovalyov, Heir to Sakharov who always put Principles first, Dies At 91" (9 August 2021) In 1932, his family moved to Podlipki village near Moscow. In 1954, Kovalyov gradua ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anatoly Pristavkin
Anatoly Ignatovich Pristavkin (russian: Анато́лий Игна́тьевич Приста́вкин, 17 October 1931, Lyubertsy — 11 July 2008, Moscow) was a Russian writer and public figure. His mother died when he was nine and his father died in World War II. After spending several years in Soviet orphanages, Pristavkin had to start working from the age of 14, and had various jobs. He started a career as a writer in 1961 and later became a lecturer at a university. Pristavkin's novel "The Inseparable Twins" was successful in the Soviet Union, and describes the miserable conditions of orphans' life in an orphanage near Moscow during the years of World War II and the re-settlement to Chechnya in 1944, as Chechens had been deported. The book became part of school curriculum in the Perestroika-era USSR. Books by Pristavkin were translated to many languages. Pristavkin took part in the Soviet opposition movement. In 1988, he joined the writers association ''Aprel'', a pro-Per ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
