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Marae
A ' (in Māori language, New Zealand Māori, Cook Islands Māori, Tahitian language, Tahitian), ' (in Tongan language, Tongan), ' (in Marquesan language, Marquesan) or ' (in Samoan language, Samoan) is a communal or sacred place that serves religious and social purposes in Polynesian culture, Polynesian societies. In all these languages, the term also means cleared and free of weeds or trees. generally consist of an area of cleared land roughly rectangular (the itself), bordered with stones or wooden posts (called ' in Tahitian and Cook Islands Māori) perhaps with ' (terraces) which were traditionally used for ceremonial purposes; and in some cases, such as Easter Island, a central stone ' or ''a'u'' is placed. In the Easter Island Rapa Nui people, Rapa Nui culture, the term ''ahu'' or ''a'u'' has become a synonym for the whole marae complex. In some modern Polynesian societies, notably that of the Māori people, Māori of New Zealand, the marae is still a vital part of everyd ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pōwhiri
A pōwhiri (also called a pōhiri or pōwiri in some dialects) is a formal Māori culture, Māori welcoming ceremony onto a marae, involving speeches, cultural performance, singing and finally the ''hongi''. Traditionally, the was a way by which the (people of the land) could determine the intentions of (visitors), so as to avoid conflict. is a cultural practice deeply rooted in Māori mythology. The serves the purpose of spiritually clearing a path for communication, so that the two groups can meet in a safe and productive way. The details of the (customs and protocols) of the vary between marae, but the general structure of the ceremony is broadly similar across all . are still commonly practised to welcome important guests onto a marae. A may not be performed for every group of or in all circumstances; the is a similar but less formal welcome that may be used instead. A is often used to welcome the (the body of the deceased) onto a marae before a (funeral). are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wharenui
A wharenui (; literally "large house") is a communal house of the Māori people of New Zealand, generally situated as the focal point of a ''marae''. Wharenui are usually called meeting houses in New Zealand English, or simply called ''wikt:whare#Maori, whare'' (a more generic term simply referring to any house or building). Also called a ''whare rūnanga'' ("meeting house") or ''whare whakairo'' (literally "carved house"), the present style of wharenui originated in the early to middle nineteenth century. The houses are often carved inside and out with stylized images of the iwi's (or tribe's) ancestors, with the style used for the whakairo, carvings varying from tribe to tribe. Modern meeting houses are built to regular building standards. Photographs of recent ancestors may be used as well as carvings. The houses always have names, sometimes the name of a famous ancestor or sometimes a figure from Māori mythology. Some meeting houses are built at places that are not the loca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Māori People
Māori () are the Indigenous peoples of Oceania, indigenous Polynesians, Polynesian people of mainland New Zealand. Māori originated with settlers from East Polynesia, who arrived in New Zealand in several waves of Māori migration canoes, canoe voyages between roughly 1320 and 1350. Over several centuries in isolation, these settlers developed Māori culture, a distinct culture, whose language, mythology, crafts, and performing arts evolved independently from those of other eastern Polynesian cultures. Some early Māori moved to the Chatham Islands, where their descendants became New Zealand's other indigenous Polynesian ethnic group, the Moriori. Early contact between Māori and Europeans, starting in the 18th century, ranged from beneficial trade to lethal violence; Māori actively adopted many technologies from the newcomers. With the signing of the Treaty of Waitangi, Treaty of Waitangi/Te Tiriti o Waitangi in 1840, the two cultures coexisted for a generation. Rising ten ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Māori Language
Māori (; endonym: 'the Māori language', commonly shortened to ) is an Eastern Polynesian languages, Eastern Polynesian language and the language of the Māori people, the indigenous population of mainland New Zealand. The southernmost member of the Austronesian language family, it is related to Cook Islands Māori, Tuamotuan language, Tuamotuan, and Tahitian language, Tahitian. The Māori Language Act 1987 gave the language recognition as one of New Zealand's official languages. There are regional dialects of the Māori language. Prior to contact with Europeans, Māori lacked a written language or script. Written Māori now uses the Latin script, which was adopted and the spelling standardised by Northern Māori in collaboration with English Protestant clergy in the 19th century. In the second half of the 19th century, European children in rural areas spoke Māori with Māori children. It was common for prominent parents of these children, such as government officials, to us ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Easter Island
Easter Island (, ; , ) is an island and special territory of Chile in the southeastern Pacific Ocean, at the southeasternmost point of the Polynesian Triangle in Oceania. The island is renowned for its nearly 1,000 extant monumental statues, called ''moai'', which were created by the early Rapa Nui people. In 1995, UNESCO named Easter Island a World Heritage Site, with much of the island protected within Rapa Nui National Park. Experts differ on when the island's Polynesian inhabitants first reached the island. While many in the research community cited evidence that they arrived around the year 800, a 2007 study provided compelling evidence suggesting their arrival was closer to 1200. The inhabitants created a thriving and industrious culture, as evidenced by the island's numerous enormous stone ''moai'' and other artifacts. Land clearing for cultivation and the introduction of the Polynesian rat led to gradual deforestation. By the time of European arrival in 1722, the i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maraeroa
Horeke () is a settlement in the upper reaches of the Hokianga Harbour in Northland, New Zealand. Kohukohu is just across the harbour. The Horeke basalts are located near the town, and can be viewed on an easy stroll through the Wairere Boulders, a commercial park. The town is at the western end of the km (54 mi) Pou Herenga Tai - Twin Coast Cycle Trail from Opua, which opened fully in 2017. History and culture European settlement A timber mill, shipbuilding yard, trading post and settlement for workers was set up in about 1826 by a partnership of Sydney merchants, namely Gordon D. Browne and the firm of Raine and Ramsay ( Thomas Raine and David Ramsay). One of the first European settlements in New Zealand, it was initially called Deptford, after the Royal Navy shipyard of that name in England. David Clarke was in charge of the yard, which employed about 30 Pākehā and 40 Māori ship builders. Three ships were built – the 40-ton schooner ''Enterprise'' in 1827, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tanenuiarangi
Clive () is a small town, ten kilometres from the city centres of both Napier and Hastings in the Hawke's Bay region of New Zealand's North Island. It is close to the mouth of the Ngaruroro River. The town is part of the Hastings district. It was named (like many of the towns in the vicinity) after a prominent person from imperial India, in this case Robert Clive, better known as "Clive of India". The name was given by John Curling. The town of Clive is mainly rural, yet with the increasing number of people moving into Hawke's Bay, and Clive being at the meeting point of Hastings and Napier, new subdivisions are being built to accommodate the growing population. Clive is home to the Hawke's Bay Rowing Club who train on the Clive River. The Hawke's Bay Rowing Regatta is held on the first weekend of the year and was started in 1872. Demographics Clive covers and had an estimated population of as of with a population density of people per km2. Before the 2023 census, Cli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tapu (Polynesian Culture)
Tapu is a Polynesian traditional concept denoting something holy or sacred, with "spirituality, spiritual restriction" or "implied prohibition"; it involves Moral, rules and prohibitions. The English language, English word ''taboo'' derives from this later meaning and dates from Captain James Cook's visit to Tonga in 1777. The concept exists in many Polynesian societies, including traditional Māori culture, Māori, Samoa Islands, Samoan, Kiribati, Rapanui, Tahitian, Culture of Hawaii, Hawaiian, and Tongan cultures, in most cases using a recognisably similar word (from Proto-Polynesian ''wikt:Reconstruction:Proto-Polynesian/tapu, *tapu''), though the Rotuman language, Rotuman term for this concept is "ha'a". In Hawaii, a similar concept is known as - /t/ and /k/ are standard allophonic variations in Hawaiian phonology#Phonemes and allophones , Hawaiian phonology. Outside Polynesian The root also exists outside Polynesian languages, in the broader Austronesian family: e.g. Fijian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tangihanga
, or more commonly, , is a traditional funeral rite practised by the Māori people of New Zealand. were traditionally held on , and are still strongly associated with the tribal grounds, but are now also held at homes and funeral parlours. While still widely practised, are not universally observed, and some tribes have expressed concerns about lower numbers of . Modern practises Tribes—at the level of or —differ in how they honour those who die. generally take three days, with burial on the third day. From the moment of death, the body of the deceased () is rarely alone. The is transported (usually from a hospital and via a funeral home) to the . There they are welcomed with a and will lie in state for at least two nights, usually in an open coffin, in the . Throughout the , the is flanked by the bereaved family (; sometimes called the or mourners), who take few and short breaks, dress in black, and sometimes wreath their heads in kawakawa leaves. Around the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marquesan Language
Marquesan is a collection of East-Central Polynesian dialects, of the Marquesic group, spoken in the Marquesas Islands of French Polynesia French Polynesia ( ; ; ) is an overseas collectivity of France and its sole #Governance, overseas country. It comprises 121 geographically dispersed islands and atolls stretching over more than in the Pacific Ocean, South Pacific Ocean. The t .... They are usually classified into two groups, North Marquesan and South Marquesan, roughly along geographic lines.See Charpentier & François (2015). Phonology The most striking feature of the Marquesan languages is their almost universal replacement of the or of other Polynesian languages by a (glottal stop). Like other Polynesian languages, the phonology of Marquesan languages is characterized by a scarcity of consonants and a comparative abundance of vowels. The consonant phonemes are: Of this small number of consonants, is found only in eastern Nuku Hiva (Tai Pi Marquesan), and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karanga (Māori Culture)
A karanga (''call out, summon'') is an element of cultural protocol of the Māori people of New Zealand. It is an exchange of calls that forms part of the pōwhiri, a Māori welcoming ceremony. It takes place as a visiting group moves onto the marae or into the formal meeting area. Karanga are carried out almost exclusively by women and in Māori language, and are initiated by the tangata whenua or hosts, and responded to by the visitors. Karanga follow a particular format in keeping with protocol. This includes exchanging greetings, paying tribute to the dead (especially those who have most recently died), and referring to the reason for the groups' coming together. It has an important function in building connections between tangata whenua and manuhiri (guests), and setting the agenda for the gathering.The karanga continuously strengthens the relationship between the physical and spiritual realms... (Hinematau McNeill, Hinematua McNeill and Sandy Hata, 2013) See also *Karaki ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New Zealand Māori Arts And Crafts Institute
The New Zealand Māori Arts and Crafts Institute (NZMACI) is an indigenous traditional art school located in Rotorua, New Zealand. It operates the national schools of three major Māori art forms. NZMACI opened in 1963 as a successor school to the previous national school for woodcarving (wānanga whakairo) in Rotorua, New Zealand. The original Institute had been established in 1926 by Sir Āpirana Ngata to combat the impending threat of the loss of traditional Māori arts. The new school continued the tradition in a location well-established for traditional Māori arts and crafts. The location of the schools at Whakarewarewa enabled access to the Rotorua tourist market, which has allowed the Institute to operate with financial independence for the majority of its history. The school is associated with tours which have been guided through the Whakarewarewa Valley since the mid-19th century, now under the umbrella of ''Te Puia''. History The New Zealand School of Māori Ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
