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Manual Testing
:''Compare with Test automation''. Manual testing is the process of manually Software testing, testing software for defects. It requires a tester to play the role of an end user where by they use most of the application's features to ensure correct behaviour. To guarantee completeness of testing, the tester often follows a written test plan that leads them through a set of important test cases. Overview A key step in the process is testing the software for correct behavior prior to release to end users. For small scale engineering efforts (including prototypes), ad hoc testing may be sufficient. With this informal approach, the tester does not follow any rigorous testing procedure and simply performs testing without planning or documentation. Conversely, exploratory testing, which involves simultaneous learning, test design and test execution, explores the user interface of the application using as many of its features as possible, us ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Test Automation
In software testing, test automation is the use of software separate from the software being tested to control the execution of tests and the comparison of actual outcomes with predicted outcomes. Test automation can automate some repetitive but necessary tasks in a formalized testing process already in place, or perform additional testing that would be difficult to do manually. Test automation is critical for continuous delivery and continuous testing. General approaches There are many approaches to test automation, however below are the general approaches used widely: * Graphical user interface testing. A testing framework that generates Graphical user interface, user interface events such as keystrokes and mouse clicks, and observes the changes that result in the user interface, to validate that the observable behavior of the program is correct. * API testing, API driven testing. A testing framework that uses a programming interface to the application to validate the behavio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Integration Testing
Integration testing is a form of software testing in which multiple software components, modules, or services are tested together to verify they work as expected when combined. The focus is on testing the interactions and data exchange between integrated parts, rather than testing components in isolation. Integration testing describes tests that are run at the integration-level to contrast testing at the unit or system level. Often, integration testing is conducted to evaluate the compliance of a component with functional requirements. In a structured development process, integration testing takes as its input modules that have been unit tested, groups them in larger aggregates, applies tests defined in an integration test plan, and delivers as output test results as a step leading to system testing. Approach Some different types of integration testing are big-bang, mixed (sandwich), risky-hardest, top-down, and bottom-up. Other Integration PatternsBinder, Robert V.: '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Codeless Test Automation
In software testing, test automation is the use of software separate from the software being tested to control the execution of tests and the comparison of actual outcomes with predicted outcomes. Test automation can automate some repetitive but necessary tasks in a formalized testing process already in place, or perform additional testing that would be difficult to do manually. Test automation is critical for continuous delivery and continuous testing. General approaches There are many approaches to test automation, however below are the general approaches used widely: * Graphical user interface testing. A testing framework that generates user interface events such as keystrokes and mouse clicks, and observes the changes that result in the user interface, to validate that the observable behavior of the program is correct. * API driven testing. A testing framework that uses a programming interface to the application to validate the behaviour under test. Typically API driven te ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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GUI Testing
In software engineering, graphical user interface testing is the process of testing a product's graphical user interface (GUI) to ensure it meets its specifications. This is normally done through the use of a variety of test cases. Test case generation To generate a set of test cases, test designers attempt to cover all the functionality of the system and fully exercise the GUI itself. The difficulty in accomplishing this task is twofold: to deal with domain size and sequences. In addition, the tester faces more difficulty when they have to do regression testing. Unlike a CLI (command-line interface) system, a GUI may have additional operations that need to be tested. A relatively small program such as Microsoft WordPad has 325 possible GUI operations.Atif M. Memon, Martha E. Pollack and Mary Lou Soffa. Using a Goal-driven Approach to Generate Test Cases for GUIs. ICSE '99 Proceedings of the 21st international conference on Software engineering. In a large program, the number ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Usability Testing
Usability testing is a technique used in user-centered interaction design to evaluate a product by testing it on users. This can be seen as an irreplaceable usability practice, since it gives direct input on how real users use the system. It is more concerned with the design intuitiveness of the product and tested with users who have no prior exposure to it. Such testing is paramount to the success of an end product as a fully functioning application that creates confusion amongst its users will not last for long. This is in contrast with usability inspection methods where experts use different methods to evaluate a user interface without involving users. Usability testing focuses on measuring a human-made product's capacity to meet its intended purposes. Examples of products that commonly benefit from usability testing are food, consumer products, websites or web applications, computer interfaces, documents, and devices. Usability testing measures the usability, or ease of use, o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Test Method
A test method is a method for a test in science or engineering, such as a physical test, chemical test, or statistical test. It is a specified procedure that produces a test result. To ensure accurate and relevant results, a test method should be "explicit, unambiguous, and experimentally feasible.", as well as effective and reproducible. A test is an observation or experiment that determines one or more characteristics of a given sample, product, process, or service, with the purpose of comparing the test result to expected or desired results. The results can be qualitative (yes/no), quantitative (a measured value), or categorical and can be derived from personal observation or the output of a precision measuring instrument. Usually the test result is the dependent variable, the measured response based on the particular conditions of the test defined by the value of the independent variable. Some tests may involve changing the independent variable to determine the level at ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Load Testing
Load testing is the process of putting demand on a structure or system and measuring its response. Software load testing Physical load testing Many types of machinery, engines, structures, and motors are load tested. The load may be at a designated safe working load (SWL), full load, or at an aggravated level of load. The governing contract, technical specification or test method contains the details of conducting the test. The purpose of a mechanical load test is to verify that all the component parts of a structure including materials, base-fixings are fit for task and loading it is designed for. Several types of load testing are employed * Static testing is when a designated constant load is applied for a specified time. * Dynamic testing is when a variable or moving load is applied. * Cyclical testing consists of repeated loading and unloading for specified cycles, durations and conditions. The ''Supply of Machinery (Safety) Regulation 1992 UK'' state that load testi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Software Performance Testing
In software quality assurance, performance testing is in general a testing practice performed to determine how a system performs in terms of responsiveness and stability under a particular workload. It can also serve to investigate, measure, validate or verify other quality attributes of the system, such as scalability, reliability and resource usage. Performance testing, a subset of performance engineering, is a computer science practice which strives to build performance standards into the implementation, design and architecture of a system. Testing types Load testing Software load testing, Load testing is the simplest form of performance testing. A load test is usually conducted to understand the behavior of the system under a specific expected load. This load can be the expected concurrent number of users on the application software, application performing a specific number of Transaction processing, transactions within the set duration. This test will give out the respo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Software Library
In computing, a library is a collection of resources that can be leveraged during software development to implement a computer program. Commonly, a library consists of executable code such as compiled functions and classes, or a library can be a collection of source code. A resource library may contain data such as images and text. A library can be used by multiple, independent consumers (programs and other libraries). This differs from resources defined in a program which can usually only be used by that program. When a consumer uses a library resource, it gains the value of the library without having to implement it itself. Libraries encourage software reuse in a modular fashion. Libraries can use other libraries resulting in a hierarchy of libraries in a program. When writing code that uses a library, a programmer only needs to know how to use it not its internal details. For example, a program could use a library that abstracts a complicated system call so that the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Device Driver
In the context of an operating system, a device driver is a computer program that operates or controls a particular type of device that is attached to a computer or automaton. A driver provides a software interface to hardware devices, enabling operating systems and other computer programs to access hardware functions without needing to know precise details about the hardware being used. A driver communicates with the device through the computer bus or communications subsystem to which the hardware connects. When a calling program invokes a routine in the driver, the driver issues commands to the device (drives it). Once the device sends data back to the driver, the driver may invoke routines in the original calling program. Drivers are hardware dependent and operating-system-specific. They usually provide the interrupt handling required for any necessary asynchronous time-dependent hardware interface. Purpose The main purpose of device drivers is to provide abstraction b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Release Management
Release management is the process of managing, planning, scheduling and controlling a software build through different stages and environments; it includes testing and deploying software releases. Relationship with processes Organizations that have adopted agile software development are seeing much higher quantities of releases. With the increasing popularity of agile development a new approach to software releases known as continuous delivery is starting to influence how software transitions from development to a release. One goal of continuous delivery and DevOps is to release more reliable applications faster and more frequently. The movement of the application from a "build" through different environments to production as a "release" is part of the continuous delivery pipeline. Release managers are beginning to utilize tools such as application release automation and continuous integration tools to help advance the process of continuous delivery and incorporate a culture o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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User Acceptance Testing
In engineering and its various subdisciplines, acceptance testing is a test conducted to determine if the requirements of a specification or contract are met. It may involve chemical tests, physical tests, or performance tests. In systems engineering, it may involve black-box testing performed on a system (for example: a piece of software, lots of manufactured mechanical parts, or batches of chemical products) prior to its delivery. In software testing, the ISTQB defines ''acceptance testing'' as: The final test in the QA lifecycle, user acceptance testing, is conducted just before the final release to assess whether the product or application can handle real-world scenarios. By replicating user behavior, it checks if the system satisfies business requirements and rejects changes if certain criteria are not met. Some forms of acceptance testing are, user acceptance testing (UAT), end-user testing, operational acceptance testing (OAT), acceptance test-driven development ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |