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Loyalty Day (Argentina)
Loyalty Day () is a commemoration day in Argentina. It remembers 17 October 1945, when a large labour demonstration at the Plaza de Mayo, in downtown Buenos Aires, demanded the liberation of Juan Domingo Perón, who was jailed in Martín García island. It is considered the foundational moment of the Peronist movement. Antecedents On 4 June 1943, nationalist sectors of the Argentine Armed Forces led by General Arturo Rawson orchestrated a coup d'état against President Ramón Castillo, the last president of the Infamous Decade, a line of corrupt governments that had imposed the so-called " patriotic fraud" since the end of the José Félix Uriburu administration. The labor movement was against the coup, initially perplexed and undecided about the position that should be adopted. It was divided into the four main groups (CGT N º 1, CGT No. 2, USA and FORA). One of the first actions was to dissolve the government CGT No. 2 (led by the socialist Francisco Pérez Leirós), ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peronism
Peronism, also known as justicialism, is an Argentine ideology and movement based on the ideas, doctrine and legacy of Juan Perón (1895–1974). It has been an influential movement in 20th- and 21st-century Argentine politics. Since 1946, Peronists have won 10 out of the 14 presidential elections in which they have been allowed to run. Peronism is defined through its three flags: "economic independence" (an economy that does not depend on other countries, by developing its national industry), " social justice" (the fight against socioeconomic inequalities) and " political sovereignty" (the non-interference of foreign powers in domestic affairs). Peronism as an ideology is described as a social form of nationalism, as it pushes for a sense of national pride among Argentines. However, it promotes an inclusive form of nationalism that embraces all ethnicities and races as integral parts of the nation, distinguishing it from racial or chauvinistic ethno-nationalism that prio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Domingo Mercante
Domingo Mercante (June 11, 1898 – February 21, 1976) was an Argentine military officer and governor of the province of Buenos Aires. He stood out as one of the initiators of Peronism, organizing labor mobilizations that ended on 17 October 1945 with the release of Juan Domingo Perón. Life and times Domingo Alfredo Mercante was born in the Flores section of Buenos Aires in 1898. His father was a locomotive engineer and senior member of ''La Fraternidad'', the main railway workers' trade union at the time. He completed his secondary education in the National Military College in 1919 and received further training in the Superior War College, making him a career military officer. He married Elena Caporale and was transferred to the chief Argentine Army base, the Campo de Mayo, where he remained from 1924 to 1940. A lieutenant colonel in the Mountain Division, Mercante took part in the 1943 coup d'état against conservative President Ramón Castillo. This opportunity led ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Martín García Island
Martín García Island () is the southern half of an island in the Río de la Plata. Martín García is in Uruguayan waters and was disputed between Argentina and Uruguay, but in 1973 they reached an agreement establishing it as Argentine territory to be used solely as a nature reserve. With an area of , it has a permanent population of about 150 people (50 families), and falls within the jurisdiction of Buenos Aires Province. The island is accessible by air through Martín García Island Airport. The northern half of the island is known as Timoteo Domínguez and is Uruguayan territory; it emerged from the river as a sandbank in the 1960s and grew to merge with Martín García Island in the 1980s. The historical island of Martín García was strategically located, and was the site of a fortification built in the 1820s by Argentine forces to deny the Brazilian navy access to the Uruguay River. This fort, named ''Constitución'', succeeded in keeping Brazilian reinforcements a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ARA Independencia (1891)
ARA ''Independencia'' was a coastal defense ship that served in the Argentine Navy between 1893 and 1948, and with the Argentine Coast Guard as a pilot station ship from 1949 to 1968. It was one of nine Argentine naval ships bearing this name. Design ''Independencia'' was a coastal defense ship designed mainly for coastal and riverine use, being classified by the Argentine Navy as "Riverine Battleship" (Spanish: ''Acorazado de Río''); in the 1902 edition of Jane's Fighting Ships it was listed as "Coast Service Battleship". It had a steel hull with six bulkheads and a ram at its bow, an armoured belt over two-thirds of its length, an armoured deck, and an armoured conning tower. It was propelled by two vertical compound steam engines, and had a single mast and funnel. The mast differed slightly from the one in its sister ''Libertad''. As designed, its main battery had two 240mm Krupp guns (one at the bow and the other at the stern) on Vavasseur mountings protected ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Retiro, Buenos Aires
Retiro is a ''barrio'' or neighborhood in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Located in the northeast end of the city, Retiro is bordered on the south by the Puerto Madero and San Nicolás, Buenos Aires, San Nicolás, and on the west by the Recoleta, Buenos Aires, Recoleta. History Towards the end of the 17th century and the beginning of the 18th was installed in the area, an asiento of slaves belonging to the :fr:Compagnie de Guinée, Compagnie de Guinée and South Sea Company, that operated until 1739. In 1800 began the construction of Plaza de Toros del Retiro, a stadium of bullfighting built by the architect Francisco Cañete, that worked until 1819. In the Plaza de Toros took place the battles between the troops of Santiago de Liniers and the British army, occurred during the British invasions of the River Plate, English invasions of 1806 and 1807. In 1821 was installed the first dissident cemetery of Buenos Aires, located in the vicinity of Iglesia Nuestra Señora del Socorro (Retiro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paraná Delta
The Paraná Delta () is the delta of the Paraná River in Argentina and it consists of several islands known as the Islas del Paraná. The Paraná flows north–south and becomes an alluvial basin (a flood plain) between the Argentine provinces of Entre Ríos, Santa Fe and Buenos Aires then emptying into the . It covers about and starts to form between the cities of Santa Fe and Rosario, where the river splits into several arms, creating a network of islands and wetlands. Most of it is in the jurisdiction of Entre Ríos Province, and parts in the north of Buenos Aires Province. The Paraná Delta is conventionally divided into three parts: * the Upper Delta, from the Diamante – Puerto Gaboto line to Villa Constitución; * the Middle Delta, from Villa Constitución to the Ibicuy Islands; * the Lower Delta, from the Ibicuy Islands to the mouth of the river. The total length of the delta is about , and its width varies between . It carries 160 million tonnes of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rodolfo Freude
Rodolfo Freude (11 September 1920 – 18 October 2003) was a close advisor of President Juan Perón of Argentina and served as his director of the Information Division ('' División de Informaciones''). Freude, an Argentine citizen of German descent, is suspected of having organized ODESSA and was involved in smuggling Nazi officers to Argentina. See also * Coordinación de Informaciones de Estado * Secretaría de Inteligencia * List of secretaries of intelligence of Argentina * Richard Walther Darré * Carlos Fuldner * Charles Lescat * Ratlines (World War II aftermath) The ratlines () were systems of escape routes used by German Nazis and other fascists to flee Europe from 1945 onwards in the aftermath of World War II. These escape routes mainly led toward havens in South America, particularly Argentina, ... References External links 1920 births 2003 deaths Argentine secretaries of intelligence Argentine people of German descent Place of birth missing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eva Perón
María Eva Duarte de Perón (; ; 7 May 1919 – 26 July 1952), better known as Eva Perón or by the nickname Evita (), was an Argentine politician, activist, actress, and philanthropist who served as First Lady of Argentina from June 1946 until her death in July 1952, as the wife of Argentine President Juan Perón. She was born in poverty in the rural village of Los Toldos, in the Pampas, as the youngest of five children. In 1934, at the age of 15, she moved to the nation's capital of Buenos Aires to pursue a career as a stage, radio, and film actress. She married Perón in 1945, when he was still an army colonel, and was propelled onto the political stage when he became President in 1946. She became a central figure of Peronism and Argentine culture because of the Eva Perón Foundation, a charitable organization perceived by many Argentinians as highly impactful. She met Colonel Juan Perón on 22 January 1944 during a charity event at the Luna Park Stadium to benefit the v ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Félix Luna
Félix César Luna (30 September 1925 – 5 November 2009) was an Argentine writer, lyricist and historian. Life Luna was born in Buenos Aires to a family originally from La Rioja in 1925. A grandfather had founded the La Rioja chapter of the newly established centrist Radical Civic Union (UCR) in 1892, and an uncle, Pelagio Luna, had been Vice President of Argentina for President Hipólito Yrigoyen, between 1916 and 1919. He enrolled at the University of Buenos Aires and earned a law degree in 1951. He was first published in 1954 with his biographical work ''Yrigoyen''. Opposed, as most in the UCR were, to the populist President Juan Perón, Luna, after the 1955 overthrow of Perón, was appointed Director of the Ministry of Labor's Employee Benefits Plan in 1956. Luna received his first literary prize in 1957 for his period tale ''La fusilación'' (''The Firing Squad''); set in the nineteenth century, the work followed the controversial 1956 execution of General Juan José Va ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Necessity And Urgency Decree
A Necessity and Urgency Decree (Spanish: ''Decreto de necesidad y urgencia'', also known as DNU) is a special kind of order issued by the President of Argentina. Unlike regular decrees, which are used in Argentina for rulemaking, a DNU has the force of law. Once the President promulgates a DNU, it comes into force almost immediately; afterwards, the National Congress must examine the decree to determine whether it will be allowed to remain in force or not.Constitución Nacional . Senado.gov.ar. Retrieved on 2012-06-07. Features The possibility to promulgate DNUs is established in the article 99 of the since 1994. ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Supreme Court Of Argentina
The Supreme Court of Argentina (), officially known as the Supreme Court of Justice of the Argentine Nation (, CSJN), is the highest court of law of the Argentine Republic. It was inaugurated on 15 January 1863. During much of the 20th century, it and the Argentine judicial system in general lacked autonomy from the executive power. It was reformed in 2003 by the decree 222/03. The Supreme Court functions as a last resort tribunal. Its rulings cannot be appealed. It also decides on cases dealing with the interpretation of the constitution (for example, it can overturn a law passed by Congress if deems it unconstitutional). The members of the Supreme Court are appointed by the President with the agreement of at least two-thirds of the present Senate members in a session convened for that purpose, and can only be removed by an impeachment process called ''juicio político'' ("political trial"), initiated by the Chamber of Deputies and carried out by the Senate, exclusively on g ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alfredo Palacios
Alfredo Lorenzo Palacios (August 10, 1878 – April 20, 1965) was an Argentine socialist politician. Palacios was born in Buenos Aires, and studied law at University of Buenos Aires, after graduation he became a lawyer and taught at the university until becoming a dean. In 1902, he was elected to the Buenos Aires' legislature, and in 1904, to the Chamber of Deputies for the 4th Circunscription of Buenos Aires, which corresponded to the ''barrio'' of La Boca, thus becoming the first socialist in the Argentine Congress and in the American continent. Palacios helped create many laws including the "Palacios Law" (''Ley Palacios'') against sexual exploitation, and others regulating child and women labor, working hours and Sunday rest. Palacios was elected Senator in 1932, serving until the Senate was dissolved in 1943, and in 1955 was appointed ambassador to Uruguay Uruguay, officially the Oriental Republic of Uruguay, is a country in South America. It shares borders with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
