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List Of The Most Common Surnames In Germany
List of the most common surnames in Germany ''Data updated to 12 February 2021''. # Müller, occupation (miller) # Schmidt, occupation (smith) # Schneider, occupation (tailor) # Fischer, occupation (fisherman) # Weber, occupation ( weaver) # Meyer, occupation (originally a manorial landlord, later a self-employed farmer) # Wagner, occupation ( wainwright) # Becker, occupation (baker) # Schulz, occupation ( medieval mayor) # Hoffmann, occupation (steward or courtier) # Schäfer, occupation (shepherd) # Koch, occupation (cook) # Bauer, occupation (farmer or peasant) # Richter, occupation (judge) # Klein, trait ("small", " short" ) # Wolf, perhaps derived from forename (e.g. ''Wolf'', '' Wolfgang'', etc.) or trait (" wolf-like") # Schröder, occupation (tailor or wine shipper) # Neumann, trait ("new") # Schwarz, trait ("black-haired") # Zimmermann, occupation (carpenter) # Braun, trait (" brown-haired") or forename (Brunhold) # Krüger, occupation ( innkeeper) # H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deutsche Familiennamen - German Surnames
Deutsch or Deutsche may refer to: *''Deutsch'' or ''(das) Deutsche'': the German language, in Germany and other places *''Deutsche'': Germans, as a weak masculine, feminine or plural demonym * Deutsch (word), originally referring to the Germanic vernaculars of the Early Middle Ages Businesses and organisations *André Deutsch, an imprint of Carlton Publishing Group *Deutsch Inc., a former American advertising agency that split in 2020 into: **Deutsch NY, a New York City-based advertising agency *Deutsche Aerospace AG * Deutsche Akademie, a cultural organisation, superseded by the Goethe-Institut *Deutsche Bahn, the German railway service *Deutsche Bank *Deutsche Börse, a German stock exchange *Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft, the German Geophysical Society *Deutsche Grammophon, a German classical music record label *Deutsch Group, an international connector manufacturer *Deutsche Luft Hansa (1926–1945) *Deutsche Lufthansa (since 1953), an airline *Deutsche Marine, the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baker
A baker is a tradesperson who baking, bakes and sometimes Sales, sells breads and other products made of flour by using an oven or other concentrated heat source. The place where a baker works is called a bakery. History Ancient history Since grains have been a staple food for millennia, the activity of baking is a very old one. Control of yeast, however, is relatively recent.Wayne Gisslen, ''Professional Baking'' (4th ed.: John Wiley & Sons, 2005), p. 4. By the fifth and sixth centuries BCE, the Ancient Greek civilization, ancient Greeks used enclosed ovens heated by wood fires; communities usually baked bread in a large communal oven. Greeks baked dozens and possibly hundreds of types of bread; Athenaeus described seventy-two varieties. In ancient Rome several centuries later, the first mass production of breads occurred, and "the baking profession can be said to have started at that time." Ancient Roman bakers used honey and oil in their products, creating pastries rathe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Judge
A judge is a person who presides over court proceedings, either alone or as a part of a panel of judges. A judge hears all the witnesses and any other evidence presented by the barristers or solicitors of the case, assesses the credibility and arguments of the parties, and then issues a ruling in the case based on their interpretation of the law and their own personal judgment. A judge is expected to conduct the trial impartially and, typically, in an open court. The powers, functions, method of appointment, discipline, and training of judges vary widely across different jurisdictions. In some jurisdictions, the judge's powers may be shared with a jury. In inquisitorial systems of criminal investigation, a judge might also be an examining magistrate. The presiding judge ensures that all court proceedings are lawful and orderly. Powers and functions The ultimate task of a judge is to settle a legal dispute in a final and publicly lawful manner in agreement with substantia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Richter (surname)
Richter is a surname of German origin ( is German for "judge"). Geographical distribution As of 2014, 71.2% of all known bearers of the surname ''Richter'' were residents of Germany (frequency 1:350), 13.0% of the United States (1:8,649), 2.2% of Brazil (1:28,857), 2.2% of South Africa (1:7,686), 1.8% of Austria (1:1,460), 1.3% of the Czech Republic (1:2,621) and 1.1% of Australia (1:6,626). In Germany, the frequency of the surname was higher than national average (1:350) in the following states: # Saxony (1:80) # Brandenburg (1:121) # Saxony-Anhalt (1:132) # Thuringia (1:250) # Mecklenburg-Vorpommern (1:279) People * Adolf Richter (1839–1914), of Pforzheim. German Pacifist, President of the German Peace Society from its founding until his death, President of Eighth International Peace Congress in Hamburg * Adrian Ludwig Richter (1803–1884), German painter and etcher * Aemilius Ludwig Richter (1808–1864), German jurist * Albert Richter (1912–1940), German track-cyclist an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peasant
A peasant is a pre-industrial agricultural laborer or a farmer with limited land-ownership, especially one living in the Middle Ages under feudalism and paying rent, tax, fees, or services to a landlord. In Europe, three classes of peasants existed: slave, serf, and free tenant. Peasants might hold title to land either in fee simple or by any of several forms of land tenure, among them socage, quit-rent, leasehold, and copyhold. In some contexts, "peasant" has a pejorative meaning, even when referring to farm laborers. As early as in 13th-century Germany, the concept of "peasant" could imply "rustic" as well as "robber", as the English term villain/villein. In 21st-century English, the word "peasant" can mean "an ignorant, rude, or unsophisticated person". The word rose to renewed popularity in the 1940s–1960s as a collective term, often referring to rural populations of developing countries in general, as the "semantic successor to 'native', incorporating all its c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bauer (surname)
__NOTOC__ Bauer is a German surname meaning "peasant" or "farmer". Notable people sharing the surname "Bauer" A * Amanda Bauer (born 1979), American professional astronomer and science communicator * André Bauer (born 1969), American politician * Andreas Bauer Kanabas, German bass * Antun Bauer (other), several people B * Belinda Bauer (other), several people * Bill Bauer (American football), American football coach * Bill Bauer (poet) (1932–2010), Canadian poet * Billy Bauer (1915–2005), American musician * Bobby Bauer (1915–1964), Canadian ice hockey player * Branko Bauer (1921–2002), Croatian film director * Bruno Bauer (1809–1882), German philosopher, theologian and historian C * Carl W. Bauer (1933–2013), American politician * Catalina Bauer (born 1976), Chilean artist * Charita Bauer (1922–1985), American soap opera actress * Chris Bauer (born 1966), American actor * Christian Bauer (born 1977), French chess player * Christina Bauer ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cooking
Cooking, cookery, or culinary arts is the art, science and craft of using heat to prepare food for consumption. Cooking techniques and ingredients vary widely, from grilling food over an open fire to using electric stoves, to baking in various types of ovens, reflecting local conditions. Types of cooking also depend on the skill levels and training of the cooks. Cooking is done both by people in their own dwellings and by professional cooks and chefs in restaurants and other food establishments. Preparing food with heat or fire is an activity unique to humans. Archeological evidence of cooking fires from at least 300,000 years ago exists, but some estimate that humans started cooking up to 2 million years ago. The expansion of agriculture, commerce, trade, and transportation between civilizations in different regions offered cooks many new ingredients. New inventions and technologies, such as the invention of pottery for holding and boiling of water, expanded cooking ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Koch (surname)
Koch ( , , ) is a German surname that means "cook" or "chef". A–C * Adam Koch (born 1988), American professional basketball player * Adolf Koch (1896–1970), German school teacher and leader of the Freikörperkultur * Alan Koch (baseball) (born 1938), retired American professional baseball player * Alan Koch (soccer) (born 1975), South African and Canadian football/soccer coach * Alexander Koch (other), several people * Alfred Koch (born 1961), Russian writer, mathematician-economist, and businessman of ethnic German origin * Amy Koch (born 1971), member of the Minnesota Senate * Andreas Koch (born 1966), Austrian former footballer * Anton Koch (other), several people * Aubrey Koch (1904–1975), pioneering Australian aviator * Beat Koch (born 1972), Swiss cross country skier * Beate Koch (born 1967), former German athlete * Bernward Koch (born 1957), German composer, pianist and keyboardist * Berthold Koch (1899–1988), German chess master * Bill Koch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shepherd
A shepherd or sheepherder is a person who tends, herds, feeds, or guards flocks of sheep. ''Shepherd'' derives from Old English ''sceaphierde (''sceap'' 'sheep' + ''hierde'' ' herder'). ''Shepherding is one of the world's oldest occupations, it exists in all parts of the globe, and it is an important part of pastoralist animal husbandry. Because of the ubiquity of the profession, many religions and cultures have symbolic or metaphorical references to the shepherd profession. For example, Jesus called himself the Good Shepherd, and ancient Greek mythologies highlighted shepherds such as Endymion and Daphnis. This symbolism and shepherds as characters are at the center of pastoral literature and art. Origins Shepherding is among the oldest occupations, beginning some 5,000 years ago in Asia Minor. Sheep were kept for their milk, meat and especially their wool. Over the next thousand years, sheep and shepherding spread throughout Eurasia. Henri Fleisch tentatively sugge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Schaefer
Schaefer is an alternative spelling and cognate for the German word ''schäfer'', meaning 'shepherd', which itself descends from the Old High German '' scāphare''. Variants "Shaefer", "Schäfer" (a standardized spelling in many German-speaking countries after 1880), the additional alternative spelling "Schäffer", and the anglicised forms "Schaeffer", "Schaffer", "Shaffer", "Shafer", and "Schafer" are all common surnames. Schaefer ;Born in 1800–1899 * Arnold Schaefer (1819–1883), German historian *Germany Schaefer (1877–1919), American professional baseball player *Jacob Schaefer Sr (1850–1910), American professional billiards player * Jacob Schaefer Jr (1894–1975) American professional billiards player * Jacob Schaefer (composer) (1888–1936), American Jewish composer and conductor *Marie Charlotte Schaefer (1874-1927), American physician * Rudolph Jay Schaefer I (1863–1923), American businessman ;Born in 1900–1949 * Walter V. Schaefer (1904-1986), American jur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Courtier
A courtier () is a person who attends the royal court of a monarch or other royalty. The earliest historical examples of courtiers were part of the retinues of rulers. Historically the court was the centre of government as well as the official residence of the monarch, and the social and political life were often completely mixed together. Background Monarchs very often expected the more important nobles to spend much of the year in attendance on them at court. Not all courtiers were noble, as they included clergy, soldiers, clerks, secretaries, agents and middlemen with business at court. All those who held a court appointment could be called courtiers but not all courtiers held positions at court. Those personal favourites without business around the monarch, sometimes called the camarilla, were also considered courtiers. As social divisions became more rigid, a divide, barely present in Antiquity or the Middle Ages, opened between menial servants and other classes at cou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Steward (office)
A steward is an official who is appointed by the legal ruling monarch to represent them in a country and who may have a mandate to govern it in their name; in the latter case, it is synonymous with the position of regent, vicegerent, viceroy, king's lieutenant (for Romance languages), governor, or deputy (the Roman '' rector'', '' praefectus'', or '' vicarius''). Etymology From Old English ''stíweard, stiȝweard'', from ''stiȝ'' "hall, household" + ''weard'' "warden, keeper"; corresponding to Dutch: ''stadhouder'', German ''Statthalter'' "place holder", a Germanic parallel to French ''lieutenant''. The Old English term ''stíweard'' is attested from the 11th century. Its first element is most probably ''stiȝ-'' "house, hall" (attested only in composition; its cognate ''stiȝu'' is the ancestor of Modern English ''sty''). Old French and Old Norse ''stívarðr'' are adopted from the Old English. The German and Dutch term (Middle High German ''stat-halter'') is a parallel but ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
