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List Of Food Plants Native To The Americas
A number of popular and commercially important food plants are native to the Americas. Some are endemic, meaning they occur naturally only in the Americas and nowhere else, while others occur naturally both in the Americas and on other continents as well. When complete, the list below will include all food plants native to the Americas (genera marked with a dagger † are endemic), regardless of when or where they were first used as a food source. For a list of food plants and other crops which were only introduced to Old World cultures as a result of the Columbian Exchange touched off by the arrival of Christopher Columbus in 1492, see New World crops. Grains *Corn/Maize ('' Zea''†) *Quinoa ('' Chenopodium'') *Several (though not all) species of amaranth ('' Amaranthus'') *Some species of wild rice (''Zizania'') * Indian Corn (Flint Corn) Legumes *Peanut (''Arachis''†}) *Pinto, black, kidney, navy, scarlet runner (https://hort.extension.wisc.edu/articles/scarlet-runner ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vaccinium Corymbosum(01)
''Vaccinium corymbosum'', the northern highbush blueberry, is a North American species of blueberry which has become a food crop of significant economic importance. It is native to eastern Canada and the eastern and southern United States, from Ontario east to Nova Scotia and south as far as Florida and eastern Texas. It is also naturalized in other places: Europe, Japan, New Zealand, the Pacific Northwest of North America, etc.''Vaccinium corymbosum''. accessed 3.23.2013 Other common names include blue huckleberry, tall huckleberry, swamp huckleberry, high blueberry, and swamp blueberry. Description ''Vaccinium corymbosum'' is a deciduous shrub growing to tall and wide. It is often found in dense thickets. The dark glossy green leaves are elliptical and up to long. In autumn, the leaves turn to a brilliant red, orange, yellow, and/or purple. The flowers are long bell- or urn-shaped white to very light pink, long. The fruit is a diameter blue-black berry. This plant is found ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wild Rice
Wild rice, also called manoomin, Canada rice, Indian rice, or water oats, is any of four species of grasses that form the genus ''Zizania'', and the grain that can be harvested from them. The grain was historically gathered and eaten in both North America and China, but eaten less in China, where the plant's stem is used as a vegetable. Wild rice is not directly related to domesticated rice (''Oryza sativa'' and ''Oryza glaberrima''), although they are close cousins, all belonging to the tribe Oryzeae. Wild-rice grains have a chewy outer sheath with a tender inner grain that has a slightly vegetal taste. The plants grow in shallow water in small lakes and slow-flowing streams; often, only the flowering head of wild rice rises above the water. The grain is eaten by dabbling ducks and other aquatic wildlife. Species Three species of wild rice are native to North America: * Northern wild rice (''Zizania palustris'') is an annual plant native to the Great Lakes region of Nor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phaseolus
''Phaseolus'' (bean, wild bean) is a genus of herbaceous to woody annual and perennial vines in the family Fabaceae containing about 70 plant species, all native to the Americas, primarily Mesoamerica. It is one of the most economically important legume genera. Five of the species have been domesticated since pre-Columbian times for their beans: '' P. acutifolius'' (tepary bean), '' P. coccineus'' (runner bean), '' P. dumosus'' (year bean), '' P. lunatus'' (lima bean), and '' P. vulgaris'' (common bean). Most prominent among these is the common bean, ''P. vulgaris'', which today is cultivated worldwide in tropical, semitropical, and temperate climates. Ecology ''Phaseolus'' species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species, including common swift, garden dart, ghost moth ''Hypercompe albicornis'', '' H. icasia'' and the nutmeg. Etymology The generic name ''Phaseolus'' was introduced by Linnaeus in 1753,Linnaeus, ''Species Plantarum'' 2:623, cited in Ox ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phaseolus Lunatus
A lima bean (''Phaseolus lunatus''), also commonly known as the butter bean, sieva bean, double bean, Madagascar bean, or wax bean is a legume grown for its edible seeds or beans. Origin and uses ''Phaseolus lunatus'' is found in Meso- and South America. Two gene pools of cultivated lima beans point to independent domestication events. The Mesoamerican lima bean is distributed in neotropical lowlands, while the other is found in the western Andes. They were discovered in Peru and may have been the first plant that was brought up under civilization by the native farmers. The Andes domestication took place around 2000 BC and produced a large-seeded variety (lima type), while the second, taking place in Mesoamerica around 800 AD, produced a small-seeded variety (Sieva type). By around 1300, cultivation had spread north of the Rio Grande, and, in the 1500s, the plant began to be cultivated in the Old World. The small-seeded (Sieva) type is found distributed from Mexico to Argent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phaseolus Coccineus
''Phaseolus coccineus'', known as runner bean, scarlet runner bean, or multiflora bean, is a plant in the legume family, Fabaceae. Another common name is butter bean, which, however, can also refer to the lima bean, a different species. It is grown both as a food plant and an ornamental plant. Description This species originated from the mountains of Central America. It was most likely cultivated in the highlands of Mexico and Guatemala around 2000 BC. Most varieties have red flowers and multicolored seeds (though some have white flowers and white seeds), and they are often grown as ornamental plants. The vine can grow to 3 m (9 ft) or more in length. It differs from the common bean (''P. vulgaris'') in several respects: the cotyledons stay in the ground during germination, and the plant is a perennial vine with tuberous roots (though it is frequently treated as an annual in colder climates). The knife-shaped pods are normally green; however, there are very rare va ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scarlet Runner
''Phaseolus coccineus'', known as runner bean, scarlet runner bean, or multiflora bean, is a plant in the legume family, Fabaceae. Another common name is butter bean, which, however, can also refer to the lima bean, a different species. It is grown both as a food plant and an ornamental plant. Description This species originated from the mountains of Central America. It was most likely cultivated in the highlands of Mexico and Guatemala around 2000 BC. Most varieties have red flowers and multicolored seeds (though some have white flowers and white seeds), and they are often grown as ornamental plants. The vine can grow to 3 m (9 ft) or more in length. It differs from the common bean (''P. vulgaris'') in several respects: the cotyledons stay in the ground during germination, and the plant is a perennial vine with tuberous roots (though it is frequently treated as an annual in colder climates). The knife-shaped pods are normally green; however, there are very rare ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Navy Bean
The navy bean, haricot, pearl haricot bean, Boston bean, white pea bean, or pea bean is a variety of the common bean ('' Phaseolus vulgaris'') native to the Americas, where it was first domesticated. It is a dry white bean that is smaller than many other types of white beans, and has an oval, slightly flattened shape. It features in such dishes as baked beans, various soups such as Senate bean soup, and even pies. The green bean plants that produce navy beans may be either of the bush type or vining type, depending on which cultivar they are. History The name "Navy bean" is an American term coined because the US Navy has served the beans as a staple to its sailors since the mid-1800s. In Australia, navy bean production began during World War II when it became necessary to find an economical way of supplying a nutritious food to the many troops—especially American troops—based in Queensland. The United States military maintained a large base in Kingaroy and had many ba ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kidney Bean
The kidney bean is a variety of the common bean (''Phaseolus vulgaris''). It resembles a human kidney and thus is named after such. Red kidney beans should not be confused with other red beans, such as adzuki beans. Classification There are different classifications of kidney beans, such as: *Red kidney bean (also known as: common kidney bean, rajma in India, surkh (red) lobia in Pakistan). *Light speckled kidney bean (and long shape light speckled kidney bean). *Red speckled kidney bean (and long shape light speckled kidney bean). *White kidney bean (also known as cannellini in Italy, lobia in India, or safaid (white) lobia in Pakistan). Nutrition Kidney beans, cooked by boiling, are 67% water, 23% carbohydrates, 9% protein, and contain negligible fat (table). In a 100-gram reference amount, cooked kidney beans provide of food energy, and are a rich source (20% or more of the Daily Value, DV) of protein, folate (33% DV), iron (22% DV), and phosphorus (20% DV), with moderate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Black Turtle Bean
The black turtle bean is a small, shiny variety of the common bean ('' Phaseolus vulgaris'') especially popular in Latin American cuisine, though it can also be found in the Cajun and Creole cuisines of south Louisiana. Like all varieties of the common bean, it is native to the Americas, but has been introduced around the world. It is also used in Indian cuisine, Tamil cuisine, where it is known as ''karuppu kaaramani'' and in Maharashtrian cuisine, where it is known as ''Kala Ghevada''. It is widely used in Uttrakhand India also known as “Bhatt “ . It is rich source of iron and protein.The black turtle bean is often simply called the black bean (''frijoles negros'', ''zaragoza, judía negra, poroto negro, caraota negra,'' or ''habichuela negra'' in Spanish; and ''feijão preto'' in Portuguese), although this terminology can cause confusion with at least three other types of black beans. The black turtle bean is the only type of turtle bean. It is called ''turtle'' because ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pinto Bean
The pinto bean () is a variety of common bean (''Phaseolus vulgaris''). In Spanish they are called , literally "painted bean" (compare pinto horse). It is the most popular bean by crop production in Northern Mexico and the Southwestern United States, and is most often eaten whole (sometimes in broth), or mashed and then refried. Either way, it is a common filling for burritos, tostadas, or tacos in Mexican cuisine, also as a side or as part of an entrée served with a side tortilla or sopaipilla in New Mexican cuisine. In South America, it is known as the , literally "strawberry bean". In Portuguese, the Brazilian name is (literally " bean"; contrary to popular belief, the beans were not named after Rio de Janeiro, but after a pig breed that has the same color as the legume), which differs from the name in Portugal: . Additionally, the young immature pods may be harvested and cooked as ''green pinto beans''. There are a number of different varieties of pinto bean, notably some o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arachis
''Arachis'' is a genus of about 70 species of annual and perennial flowering plants in the family (Fabaceae), native to South America, and was recently assigned to the informal monophyletic ''Pterocarpus'' clade of the Dalbergieae. At least one species, the peanut (''Arachis hypogaea''), is a major food crop species of global importance; some of the other species are cultivated for food to a small extent in South America. Other species such as '' A. pintoi'' are cultivated worldwide as forage and soil conditioner plants, with the leaves providing high-protein feed for grazing livestock and a nitrogen source in agroforestry and permaculture systems. ''Arachis'' species, including the peanut, are used as food plants by some Lepidoptera species, including the flame shoulder, nutmeg, and turnip moth. Species ''Arachis'' comprises the following sections and species: Section ''Arachis'' * ''Arachis batizocoi'' Krapov. & W.C. Greg. * ''Arachis benensis'' Krapov. et al. * ''Arachis c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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