Lepidosaphes Beckii
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Lepidosaphes Beckii
''Lepidosaphes beckii'' also known as purple scale, mussel scale, citrus mussel scale, orange scale, comma scale and mussel purple scale is a scale insect that is a pest of ''Citrus'' trees. The small insects attach themselves to leaves, fruits and small branches and cause injury by sucking the tree's sap.Citrus mussel scale
HYPPZ, accessed 22 January 2012.
The specific name ''beckii'' is in honour of historian Richard Beck.


Description

''Lepidosaphes beckii'' was originally described under the name ''Coccus beckii'' by English entomologist Edward Newman f ...
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Edward Newman (entomologist)
Edward Newman (13 May 1801 – 12 June 1876) was an English entomologist, botanist and writer. Newman was born in Hampstead into a Quaker family. Both his parents were keen naturalists, and he was further encouraged to take an interest in the natural world at his boarding school in Painswick. He left school at sixteen to join his father's business in Guildford, moving to Deptford in 1826 to take over a rope-making business. Here he met many of the leading entomologists of the day, including Edward Doubleday, and was a founder member of the Entomological Club. In 1832 he was elected as editor of the club's journal, ''The Entomological Magazine'', and the following year became a fellow of the Linnean Society and one of the founder members of the Entomological Society of London. In 1840 Newman was married and published the first edition of ''A History of British Ferns and Allied Plants''. He became a partner in a firm of London printers, Luxford & Co., and became a printer and ...
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Encarsia Citrina
''Encarsia'' is a large genus of minute parasitic wasps of the family Aphelinidae. The genus is very diverse with currently about 400 described species and worldwide distribution. Noyes, J. S. 2003Universal Chalcidoidea database/ref> The number of existing species is expected to be several times higher because many species are still undescribed.Heraty, J. M., et al. (2008) Systematics and Biology of ''Encarsia''. Chapter 4, pp. 71-87 In: Gould, J., et al. (Eds), In: Classical Biological Control of ''Bemisia tabaci'' in the United States. A review of interagency research and implementation. Progress in Biological Control 4. Springer Science and Business Media B. V. 1-343. ''Encarsia'' is a very complex genus, with specimens showing both inter- and intra-specific variations, making morphological classification difficult. The adult wasps, tiny insects about 1 or 2 millimeters in size, are primarily parasitoids of sessile stages of Sternorrhyncha, in particular whiteflies (Aleyrodid ...
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Citrus Pests
''Citrus'' is a genus of flowering trees and shrubs in the rue family, Rutaceae. Plants in the genus produce citrus fruits, including important crops such as oranges, lemons, grapefruits, pomelos, and limes. The genus ''Citrus'' is native to South Asia, East Asia, Southeast Asia, Melanesia, and Australia. Various citrus species have been used and domesticated by indigenous cultures in these areas since ancient times. From there its cultivation spread into Micronesia and Polynesia by the Austronesian expansion (c. 3000–1500 BCE); and to the Middle East and the Mediterranean (c. 1200 BCE) via the incense trade route, and onwards to Europe and the Americas. History Citrus plants are native to subtropical and tropical regions of Asia, Island Southeast Asia, Near Oceania, and northeastern Australia. Domestication of citrus species involved much hybridization and introgression, leaving much uncertainty about when and where domestication first happened. A genomic, phylogenic, ...
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Taxa Named By Edward Newman
In biology, a taxon (back-formation from ''Taxonomy (biology), taxonomy''; plural taxa) is a group of one or more populations of an organism or organisms seen by taxonomists to form a unit. Although neither is required, a taxon is usually known by a particular name and given a particular Taxonomic rank, ranking, especially if and when it is accepted or becomes established. It is very common, however, for taxonomists to remain at odds over what belongs to a taxon and the criteria used for inclusion. If a taxon is given a formal scientific name, its use is then governed by one of the nomenclature codes specifying which scientific name is correct for a particular grouping. Initial attempts at classifying and ordering organisms (plants and animals) were set forth in Carl Linnaeus's Linnaean taxonomy, system in ''Systema Naturae'', 10th edition (1758), as well as an unpublished work by Bernard de Jussieu, Bernard and Antoine Laurent de Jussieu. The idea of a unit-based system of bio ...
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Agricultural Pest Insects
A pest is any animal or plant harmful to humans or human concerns. The term is particularly used for creatures that damage crops, livestock, and forestry or cause a nuisance to people, especially in their homes. Humans have modified the environment for their own purposes and are intolerant of other creatures occupying the same space when their activities impact adversely on human objectives. Thus, an elephant is unobjectionable in its natural habitat but a pest when it tramples crops. Some animals are disliked because they bite or sting; snakes, wasps, ants, bed bugs, fleas and ticks belong in this category. Others enter the home; these include houseflies, which land on and contaminate food, beetles, which tunnel into the woodwork, and other animals that scuttle about on the floor at night, like cockroaches, which are often associated with unsanitary conditions. Agricultural and horticultural crops are attacked by a wide variety of pests, the most important being insects, mite ...
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Lepidosaphidini
Lepidosaphidini is a tribe of armored scale insects. Genera *'' Acanthomytilus'' *'' Adiscodiaspis'' *'' Allantomytilus'' *'' Ambigaspis'' *'' Andaspis'' *'' Anoplaspis'' *'' Aonidomytilus'' *'' Bayuraspis'' *'' Caia'' *''Cephalaspis ''Cephalaspis'' (from el, κεφαλή , 'head' and el, ἀσπίς , 'shield') is a possibly monotypic genus of extinct osteostracan agnathan vertebrate. It was a trout-sized detritivorous fish that lived in the early Devonian. Description ...'' *'' Coccomytilus'' *'' Cornimytilus'' *'' Cornuaspis'' *'' Crassaspis'' *'' Cynodontaspis'' *'' Dactylaspis'' *'' Daraspis'' *'' Dinaspis'' *'' Discodiaspis'' *'' Ductofrontaspis'' *'' Eucornuaspis'' *'' Eulepidosaphes'' *'' Evallaspis'' *'' Fernaldanna'' *'' Ferreroaspis'' *'' Ferrisidea'' *'' Finaspis'' *'' Fulaspis'' *'' Galeomytilus'' *'' Gynandraspis'' *'' Hexandaspis'' *'' Howardia'' *'' Hulaspis'' *'' Ischnaspis'' *'' Kandraspis'' *'' Koroneaspis'' *'' Lapazia'' *'' Leonardaspis'' *'' Lepido ...
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Ooencyrtus
''Ooencyrtus'' is a genus of chalcid wasp. William Harris Ashmead named and circumscribed In geometry, the circumscribed circle or circumcircle of a polygon is a circle that passes through all the vertices of the polygon. The center of this circle is called the circumcenter and its radius is called the circumradius. Not every polyg ... the genus in 1900. Species , approximately 320 species are recognized, including: * '' Ooencyrtus anabrivorus'' * '' Ooencyrtus clisiocampae'' * '' Ooencyrtus johnsoni'' * '' Ooencyrtus kuvanae'' * '' Ooencyrtus marcelloi'' * '' Ooencyrtus papilionis'' References Further reading * * * Encyrtinae Hymenoptera genera {{Chalcidoidea-stub ...
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Metaphycus Flavus
''Metaphycus'' is a genus of wasps belonging to the family Encyrtidae. The genus has cosmopolitan distribution. Species Species: *'' Metaphycus acanthococci'' *'' Metaphycus acanthococci'' *'' Metaphycus aegle'' *''Metaphycus helvolus ''Metaphycus helvolus'' is a species of parasitic wasp in the family Encyrtidae native to South Africa. It is a parasitoid of soft scale insects and has been used in their biological control in California and Australia. Description ''Metaphycus ...'' References {{Taxonbar, from=Q4044087 Encyrtidae Hymenoptera genera ...
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