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Liu Kun (Jin Dynasty)
Liu Kun (271 – 22 June 318), courtesy name Yueshi, was a Chinese military general and poet of the Jin dynasty. An esteemed writer during the early years of his career, he was also known for his time as the Inspector of Bingzhou, during which he spearheaded Jin's efforts in fighting back against the Han-Zhao dynasty. Despite his determination and active role in the war against Han, he lacked the sufficient military and administrative skills to quash the growing Han threat, suffering repeated defeats and having to heavily rely on his alliance with the Tuoba-Xianbei. He was eventually driven out from Bingzhou following a decisive defeat to Shi Le in 316 and fled to Youzhou, where he allied with the chieftain, Duan Pidi. After Pidi suspected him of betrayal, he was arrested and executed via strangulation in 318. Early life and career Liu Kun was born in Weichang county, Zhongshan commandery and it was said that he was a descendant of the Han prince, Liu Sheng. Both his fa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Sima Xiao
Sima Xiao (司馬虓; 270 - December 306), courtesy name Wuhui (武会), was a Western Jin imperial prince. He was a cousin of Sima Yue, Prince Xiaoxian of Donghai, a regent for Emperor Hui and Emperor Huai, and sided with Sima Yue when Yue became active in the War of the Eight Princes. Background Sima Xiao was the son of Sima Sui (司馬绥; posthumously known as Prince Kang of Fanyang (范阳康王)), who was the youngest son of Sima Yi's brother Sima Kui (司馬馗), making Xiao a second cousin of Jin's founding emperor Emperor Wu. Sima Sui was a younger brother of Sima Tai (司馬泰; posthumously known as Prince Wenxian of Gaomi (高密文献王)), father of Sima Yue, Sima Teng, Sima Lue and Sima Mo. When Sima Sui died in August 278, Sima Xiao inherited the title of Prince of Fanyang at the age of eight. When Sima Xiao was young, he was noted to be studious and articulate in conversations. Among members of the Sima clan, he, his cousin Sima Mo (Prince of Nanyang), and S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Liu (surname)
Liu (; or ) is an East Asian surname. pinyin: in Mandarin Chinese, in Cantonese. It is the family name of the Han dynasty emperors. The character originally meant 'battle axe', but is now used only as a surname. It is listed 252nd in the classic text Hundred Family Surnames. Today, it is the 4th most common surname in mainland China as well as one of the most common surnames in the world. Distribution In 2019 劉 was the fourth most common surname in mainland China. Additionally, it was the most common surname in Jiangxi province. In 2013 it was found to be the 5th most common surname, shared by 67,700,000 people or 5.1% of the population, with the province with the most people being Shandong.中国四百大姓, 袁义达, 邱家儒, Beijing Book Co. Inc., 1 January 2013 Origin One source is that they descend from the Qi (surname)#Q.C3.AD .28.E7.A5.81.29 surname, Qí (祁) clan of Emperor Yao. For example, the founding emperor of the Han dynasty (one of China's golden ages), ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Liu Sheng, Prince Of Zhongshan
Liu Sheng (; died 113 BC), posthumously known as King/Prince Jing of Zhongshan (), was a king/prince of the Western Han empire of Chinese history. His father was Emperor Jing, and he was the elder brother of Emperor Wu of Han. His mausoleum is one of the most important archaeological sites pertaining to the Western Han imperial family. Life Liu Sheng was born to Emperor Jing of Han and Consort Jia, who also had another son, Liu Pengzu the Prince of Zhao. He was given the fief of Zhongshan by his father in 154 BC, and therefore reigned in the period right after the Rebellion of the Seven States, when the political atmosphere was one of suspicion regarding the feudal states. Given this atmosphere Liu Sheng was one of the more successful feudal rulers. In the third year of the reign of Emperor Wu, his younger brother, Liu Sheng and several other princes were invited to Chang'an to feast; at the feast Liu Sheng wept and complained of the treatment of the feudal princes by centr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Liu Qiao (Jin Dynasty)
Liu Qiao (249 – 5 May 311), courtesy name Zhongyan, was a military general of the Jin dynasty (266–420). He participated in the conquest of Wu and the subjugation of Zhang Chang's rebellion, and was active during the War of the Eight Princes. In 305, he sided with the Prince of Hejian, Sima Yong, against the Prince of Donghai, Sima Yue and was a central figure in their conflict. His defeat allowed Sima Yue to overcome Sima Yong and win the civil war, but Yue pardoned him and appointed him as part of the new regime. He was captured and executed by the Han-Zhao general, Shi Le following the Battle of Ningping in 311. Early life and career Liu Qiao was a native of Anzhong County (安眾縣; in present-day Dengzhou, Henan) in Nanyang Commandery. His family claimed descent from Marquis Kang of Anzhong, Liu Dan (劉丹) from the Western Han dynasty. Liu Dan was the son of a concubine of Prince Ding of Changsha, Liu Fa (劉発), who in turn was the sixth son of Emperor Jing of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Sima Yue
Sima Yue (司馬越) (died 23 April 311), courtesy name Yuanchao (元超), formally Prince Xiaoxian of Donghai (東海孝獻王), was a Jin dynasty (266–420), Western Jin imperial prince and regent for Emperor Hui of Jin, Emperor Hui and Emperor Huai of Jin, Emperor Huai. He was the last of eight princes commonly associated with the War of the Eight Princes. A distant relative of Emperor Hui of Jin, Sima Yue entered the conflict after he betrayed the Prince of Changsha, Sima Ai, taking the emperor for himself and waging war against the Prince of Chengdu, Sima Ying and the Prince of Hejian, Sima Yong. By late 306, he was victorious and established himself as paramount authority behind Emperor Hui and then Emperor Huai of Jin. However, due to the repercussions of the civil wars, he presided over an empire rife with rebellions and famines. Sima Yue controlled Emperor Huai and his court with an iron fist while he campaigned for many years against the Han-Zhao, Han-Zhao dynasty and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Sima Ai
Sima Ai or Sima Yi (司馬乂) (277 – 19/20 March 304), courtesy name Shidu (士度), formally Prince Li of Changsha (長沙厲王), was a Jin dynasty imperial prince who briefly served as regent for his half-brother Emperor Hui. He was the fifth of the eight princes commonly associated with the War of the Eight Princes. Of the eight princes, he alone received praises from historians, for his attempt to reform government and his courtesy to Emperor Hui, who was developmentally disabled. According to the ''Book of Jin'', Sima Ai was a strong and resolute man and was seven '' chi'' and five '' cun'' tall (approximately 1.84 metres). Sima Ai was Emperor Wu's seventeenth son, born of the same mother as Sima Wei, the Prince of Chu (Lady Shen); their elder full-brother Sima Jing, Prince Huai of Chengyang, had died in 270 before they were born. He was granted the title Prince of Changsha in 22 December 289. When his father died in May 290, Sima Ai was praised by many for his di ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Wen County, Henan
Wen County or Wenxian () is a county under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Jiaozuo, in the northwest of Henan Province. Geography Wen County lies on the left or north bank of the Yellow River, opposite the county-level cities of Gongyi and Xingyang in the Zhengzhou municipality. On all other sides the county is bordered by constituent parts of Jiaozuo: upriver to its west lies Mengzhou City, inland to its north Qinyang City and Bo'ai County, downriver to its east Wuzhi County. Climate Administration The county comprises 7 towns and 3 townships, overseeing 262 village committees and 5 neighbourhoods (). The county executive, legislature and judiciary The judiciary (also known as the judicial system, judicature, judicial branch, judiciative branch, and court or judiciary system) is the system of courts that adjudicates legal disputes/disagreements and interprets, defends, and applies the law ... are in Wenquan (), together with the CPC and PSB ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Sima Yong
Sima Yong (司馬顒) (before 274 - late January 307), courtesy name Wenzai (文載), was a Jin dynasty imperial prince and briefly a regent for Emperor Hui. He was the seventh of eight princes commonly associated with the War of the Eight Princes. His title was the Prince of Hejian (河間王), but he did not receive any posthumous names. Though a distant cousin of Emperor Hui, Sima Yong was garrisoned at the important city of Chang'an to guard the Guanzhong region. When the Prince of Zhao, Sima Lun usurped the throne in 301, Sima Yong initially sided with him, but later joined the Prince of Qi, Sima Jiong, and the Prince of Chengdu, Sima Ying, in their coalition to restore Emperor Hui. After the restoration, Sima Yong, intending to claim more imperial power, rekindled his alliance with Sima Ying at Ye, who vied to become crown prince. They campaigned against Sima Jiong and then the Prince of Changsha, Sima Ai at Luoyang for control over Emperor Hui, eventually succeed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Sima Ying
Sima Ying (司馬穎) (279 – December 306), courtesy name Zhangdu (章度), was a Jin dynasty imperial prince who served briefly as his half-brother Emperor Hui of Jin's regent and crown prince. He was the sixth of eight princes commonly associated with the War of the Eight Princes. His title was the Prince of Chengdu (成都王), but he did not receive any posthumous names. During Empress Jia Nanfeng's rule behind the throne, Sima Ying was assigned to guard the important city of Ye in Hebei. He formed a coalition with the Prince of Qi, Sima Jiong and the Prince of Hejian, Sima Yong to overthrow the usurper Sima Lun and restore Emperor Hui in 301. As the last of his half-brother's male descendants died, he developed ambitions to install himself as crown prince. He allied himself with Sima Yong to gain control of Emperor Hui from Sima Jiong and later the Prince of Changsha, Sima Ai, eventually succeeding in 304. However, he was soon attacked by the Prince of Donghai, Sima Y ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Sima Jiong
Sima Jiong (司馬冏) (before 283 – 27 January 303), courtesy name Jingzhi (景治), formally Prince Wumin of Qi (齊武閔王), was an imperial prince of the Jin dynasty of China. He briefly served as Emperor Hui's regent after overthrowing the usurper Sima Lun in May 301. He was the fourth of the eight princes commonly associated with the War of the Eight Princes. Early career Sima Jiong was a son of Sima You, Prince Xian of Qi, the younger brother of Jin Dynasty's founder Emperor Wu, making him Emperor Hui's cousin. Jiong was also a paternal grandson of Sima Zhao and Wang Yuanji, and a maternal grandson of Jia Chong and his first wife Li Wan. Sima You's abilities were so highly regarded by both his father Sima Zhao and the officials that, at times, he was considered as the proper heir, first for Sima Zhao, then for Emperor Wu. After Emperor Wu exiled him from the capital Luoyang in January 283, he died in April that year. Sima Jiong, as the oldest son of his wife Consort J ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Sima Lun
Sima Lun () (born before 250 – poisoned June 5, 301), courtesy name Ziyi (), was titled the Prince of Zhao () and the usurper of the Jin dynasty from February 3 to May 31, 301. He is usually not counted in the list of Jin emperors due to his brief reign, and was often mentioned by historians as an usurper. He was the third of the eight princes commonly associated with the War of the Eight Princes. Early career As Sima Yi's ninth and youngest son, Sima Lun held a number of minor titles during the Cao Wei regencies of his father and half-brothers Sima Shi and Sima Zhao. Around February or March 250, he was enfeoffed as Marquis of Anle Village, and when Sima Zhao established the Five Feudal Ranks of Zhou in 264, his fief was changed to Viscount of Dong'an, and he was designated Remonstrating and Consulting Grandee. After his nephew Sima Yan established the Jin dynasty on 8 February 266, Sima Lun was named the Prince of Langye Commandery the next day. He served as a general ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Jia Nanfeng
Jia Nanfeng (257 – 13 May 300), nicknamed Shi (峕), was a Chinese empress consort. She was a daughter of Jia Chong and the first wife of Emperor Hui of the Jin dynasty and also a granddaughter of Jia Kui. She is commonly seen as a villainous figure in Chinese history, as the person who provoked the War of the Eight Princes, leading to the Wu Hu rebellions and the Jin Dynasty's loss of northern and central China. Between July 291 to May 300, she ruled the Jin empire from behind the scenes by dominating her developmentally disabled husband. Early life and marriage Jia Nanfeng was born in 257 to the Jin official Jia Chong and his second wife Guo Huai. She was their oldest daughter, although Jia Chong had two daughters from his previous marriage to noble lady Li Wan, a daughter of Li Feng. The couple had another daughter, Jia Wu (賈午), in 260. They also had two sons, both of whom died young. Jia Nanfeng also had a nursemaid, Xu Yi, who later served her as a trusted c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
