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Liberalism In Germany
This article aims to give a historical outline of liberalism in Germany (). The liberalism, liberal political party, parties dealt with in the timeline below are, largely, those which received sufficient support at one time or another to have been represented in parliament. Not all parties so included, however, necessarily labeled themselves "liberal". The sign ⇒ denotes another party in that scheme. Background The early high points of liberalism in Germany were the Hambach Festival (1832) and the Revolutions of 1848 in the German states. In the Frankfurt Parliament National Assembly in the Frankfurt am Main Frankfurt Paulskirche (1848/1849), the bourgeois liberal factions Casino faction, Casino and Factions in the Frankfurt Assembly#W%C3%BCrttemberger Hof, Württemberger Hof (the latter led by Heinrich von Gagern) were the majority. They favored a constitutional monarchy, popular sovereignty, and parliamentary rule. Organized liberalism developed in the 1860s, combining the pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liberalism
Liberalism is a Political philosophy, political and moral philosophy based on the Individual rights, rights of the individual, liberty, consent of the governed, political equality, the right to private property, and equality before the law. Liberals espouse various and often mutually conflicting views depending on their understanding of these principles but generally support private property, market economies, individual rights (including civil rights and human rights), liberal democracy, secularism, rule of law, Economic freedom, economic and political freedom, freedom of speech, freedom of the press, freedom of assembly, and freedom of religion.Generally support: * * * * * * *constitutional government and privacy rights * Liberalism is frequently cited as the dominant ideology of modern history.Wolfe, p. 23. Liberalism became a distinct Political movement, movement in the Age of Enlightenment, gaining popularity among Western world, Western philosophers and economists. L ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Liberal Party (Germany)
The National Liberal Party (, NLP) was a liberal party of the North German Confederation and the German Empire which flourished between 1867 and 1918. During the Prussian-led unification of Germany, the National Liberals became the dominant party in the Reichstag. While supporting the common ideals of liberalism and nationalism, the party contained two wings, which reflected the conflicting claims of its Hegelian and idealistic heritage: one emphasized the power of the state through the ''Nationalstaat'', and the other emphasized the civil liberties of the ''Rechtsstaat''. Although that cleavage later proved fatal for its unity, the National Liberals managed to remain the pivotal party in the decades after unification by cooperating with both the Progressives and the Free Conservatives on various issues. Origins A first national liberal parliamentary group arose among right-wing deputies of the liberal German Progress Party in the Prussian House of Representatives during ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Free People's Party (Germany)
The Free People's Party (''Freie Volkspartei'') was a short-lived German political party. It was a splinter party formed in 1956 when several ministers broke away from the Free Democratic Party. These included Franz Blücher, Fritz Neumayer and others. However, the following year it merged into the German Party. References {{Authority control Defunct political parties in Germany Political parties established in 1956 Political parties disestablished in 1957 Defunct liberal political parties ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Free Democratic Party Of Germany
The Free Democratic Party (, FDP, ) is a liberal political party in Germany. The FDP was founded in 1948 by members of former liberal political parties in Germany before World War II, namely the German Democratic Party and the German People's Party. For most of the second half of the 20th century, particularly from 1961 to 1982, the FDP held the balance of power in the Bundestag. It has been a junior coalition partner to both the CDU/CSU (1949–1956, 1961–1966, 1982–1998, and 2009–2013) and Social Democratic Party (SPD; 1969–1982 and 2021–2024). In the 2013 federal election, the FDP failed to win any directly elected seats in the Bundestag and came up short of the 5 percent threshold to qualify for list representation, being left without representation in the Bundestag for the first time in its history. In the 2017 federal election, the FDP regained its representation in the Bundestag, receiving 10.6% of the vote. From the 2021 federal election to the 2024 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Democratic Party Of Germany (East Germany)
The National-Democratic Party of Germany (, ) was an East Germany, East German political party that served as a Bloc party (politics), satellite party to the Socialist Unity Party of Germany (SED) from 1948 to 1989, representing former members of the Nazi Party, the Wehrmacht and middle classes. It should not be confused with the far-right National Democratic Party of Germany (''Nationaldemokratische Partei Deutschlands'', NPD), which was a party in West Germany and continues as a minor non-governmental party in the modern united Germany. History The NDPD was co-founded by Lothar Bolz (a former member of the Communist Party of Germany and the National Committee for a Free Germany in the Soviet Union), Wilhelm Adam (a former member of the Sturmabteilung, SA) and others. It was intended to reach out to social groups that had been attracted by the Nazi Party (NSDAP) before 1945 (such as military men or middle class ''Petite bourgeoisie'') and provide them with a political outlet, so ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Association Of Free Democrats
The Association of Free Democrats () was a liberal electoral coalition, later party, formed in East Germany on 12 February 1990. It originally consisted of the Liberal Democratic Party, the Free Democratic Party (East Germany) and the German Forum Party. In the Volkskammer election of the 18 March 1990 the Association of Free Democrats, heavily supported by the West German Free Democratic Party, polled 5.28% of the votes and gained 21 seats, all parties running on the same lists. Most of the seats went to Liberal Democratic Party members, whose leader Rainer Ortleb became their parliamentary leader. It then participated in the last GDR government led by Lothar de Maizière. On 27 March 1990, the Liberal Democratic Party and the National Democratic Party of Germany, previously excluded from the coalition, merged into the party ''Association of Free Democrats'', leaving their old identity as bloc parties behind. Ortleb was elected chairman, former NDPD leader Wolfgang Rauls ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
German Forum Party
The German Forum Party () was an opposition political party in East Germany. It was formed from the New Forum (''Neues Forum'') citizens' movement. It was founded in Karl-Marx-Stadt (now Chemnitz) on 27 January 1990. Its first chairman was Jürgen Schmieder. It described itself as being at the political centre. It was invited to join the Christian Democrat-dominated Alliance for Germany coalition for the 1990 ''Volkskammer'' election but instead it joined the Association of Free Democrats on 12 February 1990. See also *Liberalism *Contributions to liberal theory * Liberalism worldwide * List of liberal parties *Liberal democracy *Liberalism in Germany This article aims to give a historical outline of liberalism in Germany (). The liberalism, liberal political party, parties dealt with in the timeline below are, largely, those which received sufficient support at one time or another to have bee ... External linksGerman Forum Party from ''Chronik der Wende'' Germany 1990 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Free Democratic Party (East Germany)
The Free Democratic Party of the GDR (, F.D.P.) was an opposition political party in East Germany. The appeal for its formation was made on 25 November 1989 in Berlin by those East German liberals who doubted the ability of the former block party Liberal Democratic Party of Germany to reform itself. It was formally founded 4 February 1990; on 12 February 1990, it joined the Association of Free Democrats for the Volkskammer elections. See also *Liberalism *Contributions to liberal theory * Liberalism worldwide * List of liberal parties *Liberal democracy *Liberalism in Germany This article aims to give a historical outline of liberalism in Germany (). The liberalism, liberal political party, parties dealt with in the timeline below are, largely, those which received sufficient support at one time or another to have bee ... References External linksFreie Demokratische Partei of the GDR from ''chronik der wende'' 1990 disestablishments in East Germany 1990 establishm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liberal Democratic Party Of Germany
The Liberal Democratic Party of Germany (, LDPD) was a political party in East Germany. Like the other allied bloc parties of the Socialist Unity Party of Germany (SED) in the National Front, it had 52 representatives in the People's Chamber. Foundation The history of the party dates back to 16 June 1945, when a Berlin-based group led by Waldemar Koch and his father-in-law Eugen Schiffer took the initiative in refounding the Weimar-era ''German Democratic Party''. Koch was elected chair of the founding committee, with Wilhelm Külz as his deputy; the writer Franz Xaver Kappus joined the board as well. At first there were some conversations about forming a united centre-right democratic party with the Christian Democrats, but the idea was abandoned soon and the name was changed to Liberal Democratic Party ("Liberal-Demokratische Partei", LDP) before the party's official founding on 5 July 1946. It was first of all aimed at uniting Weimar Republic-era members of the German De ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Democratic Union (Germany)
The Democratic Union (, DV) was a German political party in the German Empire. The Union was founded in 1908 by former members of the Freeminded Union (''Freisinnigen Vereinigung''). The party demanded full equal voting rights for all, and a strict separation of church and state. It was not principled, or "revolutionary" against Wilhelmine Germany though. Important party members were Theodor Barth, Rudolf Breitscheid (first chairman) and Hellmut von Gerlach. Carl von Ossietzky joined the party in 1908, and from 1911 onwards published the party's weekly ''Das freie Volk''. The First World War brought an end to the party. Hellmut von Gerlach, and some of his followers, helped found the German Democratic Party in 1918. See also *Liberalism in Germany This article aims to give a historical outline of liberalism in Germany (). The liberalism, liberal political party, parties dealt with in the timeline below are, largely, those which received sufficient support at one time or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Social Union
The National-Social Association (, NSV) was a political party in the German Empire, founded in 1896 by Friedrich Naumann. It sought to synthesise liberalism, nationalism and non-Marxist socialism with Protestant Christian values in order to cross the ideological front lines and draw workers away from Marxist class struggle. However, it never grew beyond a minor party of intellectuals which failed to gain mass support in elections. History In the second half of the 19th century, Germany underwent a rapid industrialization, which was connected with rising social problems. As a result of this, the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) was founded and soon outlawed under the first Chancellor of the German Empire Otto von Bismarck. After the party was legalized again in 1890 (the year Bismarck resigned), it enjoyed considerable success at elections. Since the SPD was Marxist, using Karl Marx's ''Das Kapital'' for their theoretical underpinnings, the ruling classes considered it a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Freeminded Union
The Free-minded Union (; FVG) or Radical Union was a liberal party in the German Empire that existed from 1893 to 1910. Emergence Inside its predecessor, the German Free-minded Party, there had always been tensions between the leftist and the moderate wing. Another contentious point was the personalist style of leader Eugen Richter. When Chancellor Leo von Caprivi presented an army bill in parliament on 6 May 1893, seven Free-minded representatives, among them Georg von Siemens, decided to accept the motion. Consequently, Richter urged successfully the expulsion of the deviants. Other moderate party members, including Ludwig Bamberger and Theodor Barth, left voluntarily and formed the Free-minded Union. The left liberal wing of the Free-mindeds, loyal to Richter, assembled in the Free-minded People's Party The new party focused on political and economically liberal positions. In the federal election of 1893, it won 13 seats. The union was initially more a loose electoral ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
